RU2685404C2 - Reversible sliding bearing (options) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of engineering, namely to self-aligning block bearings, and can be used in the construction of high-speed compressors, gas and steam turbines, pumps and other machines. Reversible plain bearing with non-reversible properties, in which, according to one of the designs, each block has at least two symmetrical pockets on bearing surface thereof and at least two symmetrical radial holes for supplying oil to the pockets, the wipers are provided with lubricating oil channels and a cumulative cavity. Pad may additionally have at least two symmetrical pockets on working surface thereof. According to another variant of the created bearing, the shaft is covered by at least three self-aligning pads, the loaded pad has an increased total central angle compared to at least two other pads, with each pad or at least one of the pads having at least two symmetrical pockets on the working and/or the support surface of the block and at least two symmetrical radial holes on the working surface of the block for supplying lubricating oil to the pockets. Pad may additionally have at least two symmetrical pockets on working surface thereof.EFFECT: production of a reversible sliding bearing with a high bearing capacity, more specifically a reversing bearing with non-reversible properties.8 cl, 11 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of engineering, namely to self-aligning block bearings, and can be used in the construction of high-speed compressors, gas and steam turbines, pumps and other rotary machines.

Known bearing unit, comprising a housing with channels for supplying lubricant and a drain cavity, a shaft covered by self-aligning pads, each of which has a radial hole in the central part of its working surface and distribution grooves made in the input and output edges, central pockets on the inner surface of the housing, locking screws, wipers, mounted in the inter-dairy space [UA No. 74963 C2, F16C 32/00, 2004].

The disadvantage of this design is its irreversibility, that is, the inability of the bearing to operate when the shaft rotates in the opposite direction due to the absence in this case of conditions for the appearance of a hydrodynamic carrier film.

Known reverse bearing, comprising a housing with channels for supplying lubricant, a shaft covered by self-aligning pads, each of which has at least one radial hole in its working surface, at least one hydrostatic pocket on the supporting surface of the pad, fixing screws, reversible oil scrapers installed in the inter-harvest space [RF Patent № 2337257, F16C 17/03; F16C 32/06. Reversible plain bearing, published: 10/27/2008] (Prototype).

This sliding bearing is reversible and can work when the shaft rotates clockwise and counterclockwise. However, this bearing has a lower bearing capacity than non-reversible.

The basis of the invention is the task of creating a reversible sliding bearing with a high bearing capacity, more specifically, a reversing bearing with non-reversible properties.

To solve this technical problem, a reverse bearing with irreversible properties was created, which, like the prototype, includes a housing with channels for supplying lubricating oil, a shaft covered by self-aligning pads, each of which has radial holes, hydrostatic pockets, reverse oil wipers, installed in the intercapital space, but in which, in accordance with one embodiment of the invention, each pad has at least two symmetrical pockets on the bearing pad the surface of the pad and at least two symmetrical radial holes for supplying oil to the pockets, while the oil scraper plates are provided with lubricating oil channels and a collecting cavity. In one of the embodiments of this embodiment of the invention, each block has four symmetrically made pockets on the support surface of the pad and four symmetrical radial holes that feed oil into the pockets.

In accordance with another variant of the created invention, which distinguishes it from the version indicated above. Each pad additionally has at least two symmetrical pockets on the working surface of the pad. In one of the embodiments of this embodiment of the invention, distinguishing it from the above embodiment, each pad additionally has four symmetrical pockets on the working surface of the pad.

In accordance with another embodiment of the invention, which distinguishes it from the options mentioned above, the shaft is covered by at least three self-aligning pads, and the loaded pad has an increased full central angle, compared with at least the other two pads, while each pad or at least one of the pads has at least two symmetrical pockets on the support surface of the pad and at least two symmetrical radial holes for supplying oil to the pockets, moreover, oil scrappers supplied with lubrication oil channels and a cumulative cavity. In one embodiment of this embodiment of the invention, each pad, or at least one of the pads, has four symmetrical pockets on the supporting surface and four symmetrical radial holes that feed oil into the pockets.

In accordance with another embodiment of the invention, which distinguishes it from the above-mentioned variant, each pad or at least one of the pads additionally includes at least two symmetrical pockets on the working surface of the pad, and in another embodiment of this embodiment of the invention, each pad or at least one of the pads additionally includes four symmetrical pockets on the working surface of the pads.

The essential features set forth in the independent claims are necessary and sufficient to solve the technical problem formulated above to increase the carrying capacity of the reverse sliding bearing.

A constructive solution to the wipers, namely, supplying them with a cumulative cavity and oil-conducting channels for supplying lubricating oil to the cumulative cavity, providing oil to the working surface of the pad through the wipers, increases the working angle of the bearing block, creating conditions for increasing the bearing capacity of the bearing. Moreover, performing at least two symmetrical pockets on the working surface of the pad, which are located in areas of the greatest value of the oil wedge pressure profile when the shaft rotates in one direction or another, allows the pressure in the oil wedge to be evenly distributed along the shaft axis, thereby increasing the stability of the bearing and its load bearing capacity. Performing at least two pockets on the pad support surface creates an additional positive effect, which consists in a more even distribution of oil pressure between the pad support surface and the bearing housing. Supply of oil through the oil scraper and accumulation of oil in their accumulative cavity allows to improve the cooling of the shaft journal, thereby reducing the temperature in the hydrodynamic bearing layer and, by increasing the viscosity of the oil, improve the bearing capacity of the bearing.

The variant with symmetrical hydrostatic pockets on the working surface of the pad is advisable to use, if necessary, to increase the bearing capacity of the bearing without changing the dimensions of the bearing itself, for example, when upgrading turbines and compressors.

The use of loaded pads with a large value of the full central angle, in comparison with the other, at least two pads, allows the bearing to perceive large loads. Such pads should be used for the perception of the directional resultant force in gears and heavy rotors of turbo-generators.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a reversing bearing according to the invention, a cross-section;

FIG. 2 shows channels for supplying lubricating oil in a reversible bearing according to the invention;

FIG. 3 and 4 shows a support block, on which two symmetrical radial holes are made, two hydrostatic pockets on the support surface.

FIG. 5 shows a support block, on which four symmetrical radial holes are made, four hydrostatic pockets on the support surface.

FIG. 6 shows a support block, on which two symmetrical pockets are made on the working surface of the pad.

FIG. 7 shows a support block, on which four symmetrical pockets are made on the working surface of the pad.

FIG. 8 a comparison is given of the distribution of the plot of the oil film pressure between the shaft and the working surface of the pad with pockets on the working surface of the pad and without pockets.

FIG. 9 shows a reversing bearing in which the loaded shoe has an increased full central angle.

FIG. 10 shows a support block with an increased total center angle.

FIG. 11 shows an oil scraper for all embodiments of the invention.

Reversible plain bearing, FIG. 1, 2, includes a housing 1 with channels for supplying lubricant 2, a shaft 3, covered by self-aligning pads 4.

In accordance with one embodiment of the invention, FIG. 3, 4, each of the self-aligning pads 4 has two symmetrical radial holes 5, two hydrostatic pockets 6 on the supporting surface 7 of the self-aligning pads 4.

In one embodiment of the invention, FIG. 5, each of the self-aligning pads 4 has four symmetrical radial holes 5, four hydrostatic pockets 6 on the supporting surface 7 of the self-aligning pads 4.

In accordance with another embodiment of the invention, FIG. 6, 4, each of the self-aligning pads 4 has at least two symmetrical pockets 6 on the working surface 8 of the pads 4, FIG. 6, at least two symmetrical pockets 6 on the support surface 7 of the pad 4; FIG. 4, at least two radial holes 5 for supplying oil to the pockets 6.

In another embodiment, FIG. 7, 5, each of the self-aligning pads 4 has four symmetrical pockets 6 on the working surface 8 of the pads 4, FIG. 7, four symmetrical pockets 6 on the support surface 7 of the pad 4, and FIG. 5, four radial holes 5 for supplying oil to the pockets 6, FIG. five.

FIG. 8 shows a graph comparing the distribution of the oil wedge pressure profile along the shaft axis when performed in one example of implementation on the working surface 8 pads 4 pockets 6. Plot 9 - no pockets on the working surface of the pad, plot 10 - with pockets on the working surface 8 pads 4.

According to an embodiment of the invention in FIG. 9, the shaft 3 is covered with pads 4, two of which have a smaller angle of coverage as compared with the third. A loaded shoe, FIG. 10 has an enlarged full central angle, at least two symmetrical pockets 6, both on the working surface 8 and on the supporting surface 7, at least two radial holes 5 that connect the pockets 6.

Oil scraper reversible scrapers, FIG. 11, made of wear-resistant material and installed in the inter-dairy space 11, FIG. 1, in all embodiments of the bearing. Oil scrapers, FIG. 11, have oil conducting channels 12 and a cumulative cavity 13.

Reversible bearing works as follows.

When the shaft 3 rotates, FIG. 1, the lubricating oil supplied from the oil supply system of the turbomachine through the channels 2; FIG. 2, the supply of lubricating oil enters an oil pocket (not shown) in the bottom region of the oil scraper; FIG. 11. Next, the oil in the wiper channel 12 in the scraper enters the cumulative cavity 13, from where it is fascinated by the shaft 3 to the working surfaces 8 of the self-aligning pads 4, FIG. one.

When the reversing bearing is in operation, FIG. 1, each self-aligning pad 4 relies on a self-generated hydrostatic film of oil. This film is formed as a result of selecting a small part (about 10%) of the hydrodynamic lubricant film on the working surface of the self-adjusting pad 4, in order to create hydrostatic pressure in the pockets 6. Reversibility of the bearing is provided by changing the pressure in the pockets 6. When the shaft rotates, the hydrostatic pressure in the hydrostatic pockets increases towards the shaft.

Claims (8)

1. Reversible sliding bearing, comprising a housing with channels for supplying lubricating oil, a shaft covered by self-aligning pads, each of which has radial holes, hydrostatic pockets, reversible oil scrappers installed in the inter-cage space, characterized in that each block has at least two symmetrical pockets on its bearing surface and at least two symmetrical radial holes on its working surface for supplying lubricating oil to the pockets, while Disassembled scrapers are equipped with a cumulative cavity and oil conducting channels for supplying lubricating oil to the cumulative cavity. 2. Reversible bearing according to claim. 1, characterized in that each pad has four symmetrical pockets on its bearing surface and four symmetrical radial holes on the working surface of the pad to supply lubricating oil to the pockets. 3. Reversible sliding bearing, comprising a housing with channels for supplying lubricating oil, a shaft covered by self-aligning pads, each of which has radial holes, hydrostatic pockets, reversible oil scraper bars, installed in the inter-farm space, characterized in that each block has at least two symmetrical pockets on its working surface, at least two symmetrical pockets on its supporting surface and at least two symmetrical radial holes on its th working surface for supplying the lubricating oil in the pockets, wherein the scrapers provided with scraper accumulation cavity and oil passages for supplying lubricating oil into the collection chamber. 4. A reversible bearing according to claim 3, characterized in that each pad has four symmetrical pockets on its working surface, four symmetrical pockets on its bearing surface and four symmetrical radial holes on its working surface for supplying lubricating oil to the pockets. 5. Reversible sliding bearing, comprising a housing with channels for supplying lubricating oil, a shaft covered by self-aligning pads, each of which has radial holes, hydrostatic pockets, reversible oil scraper bars installed in the inter-cage space, characterized in that the shaft is covered by at least three pads, moreover, the loaded shoe has an increased total central angle in comparison with at least two other shoes, each shoe or at least one of the shoes having There are two symmetrical pockets on its supporting surface and at least two symmetrical radial holes on its working surface for supplying lubricating oil to the pockets, while the wiper scrapers are provided with a storage cavity and oil passage channels for supplying the lubrication oil to the storage cavity. 6. A reversible bearing according to claim 5, characterized in that each pad or at least one of the pads has four symmetrical pockets on its bearing surface and four symmetrical radial holes on its working surface for supplying lubricating oil to the pockets. 7. Reversible sliding bearing, comprising a housing with channels for supplying lubricating oil, a shaft covered by self-aligning pads, each of which has radial holes, hydrostatic pockets, reversible oil scraper bars installed in the inter-farm space, characterized in that the shaft is covered by at least three pads, moreover, the loaded shoe has an increased total central angle in comparison with at least two other shoes, with each shoe or at least one of the shoes and It has at least two symmetrical pockets on its working surface, at least two symmetrical pockets on its supporting surface and at least two symmetrical radial holes on its working surface for supplying lubricating oil to the pockets, while the wiper scrapers are provided with an accumulative cavity and oil-conducting channels for supplying lubricating oil to the cumulative cavity. 8. The reversible bearing according to claim 7, characterized in that each pad or at least one of the pads has four symmetrical pockets on its working surface, four symmetrical pockets on its supporting surface and four symmetrical radial bores on its working surface for supplying lubricant oil in the pockets.

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