RU2676830C2 - Method for determining coordinates of firing artillery systems and ruptures of projectiles by sound recorder - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: acoustics.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to acoustics, in particular, to methods for determining the rectangular coordinates of a sound source. Method of determining the coordinates of firing artillery systems and the ruptures of projectiles by the sound recorder, based on the installation of sound receivers at points with prepared coordinates. Signals from sound receivers are fed to the time scale, the zero of which is formed by the first incoming signal; distance differences are defined as the product of the speed of sound by the time interval between the moments of arrival of signals: first and second, first and third sound receivers, according to dependencies A = S⋅ (tt) and x = (yY)ctgγ, A = S⋅ (tt) and y = (YctgγYctgy+ XX) / ctgγof analytical determination of the coordinates of the source of the sound wave calculate two coordinates “x” and two coordinates “y” where γ, γ– directional angles, X, X, Y, Y– coordinates, S– speed of sound, t, t, t– time, for the true value of the coordinates of the sound source take their half sum.EFFECT: technical result – improving the accuracy of determining the coordinates of the sound source.1 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to methods implemented in artillery soundmetric complexes with the aim of determining the rectangular coordinates of the standing point of firing artillery systems or break points of artillery shells and mines.

In World War II, sound reconnaissance was widely used in the interests of artillery. Armed with sound metering units was station SCCHZM-36. From July 1943 to April 1945, up to 90% of all enemy batteries reconnoitered by various means of artillery reconnaissance accounted for sound reconnaissance.

In modern conditions, sound reconnaissance has not lost its significance.

The principle of operation of sound reconnaissance is based on the registration of sound signals that occur during the shot and the burst of shells with the help of several microphones and the calculation of the position of the coordinates of the target after detecting the sound wave.

For conducting combat work, sound reconnaissance units occupy a battle formation, which consists of 3 sound posts: a warning post, a central point, a meteorological post, and a vehicle location.

Each sound post consists of three sound receivers, two of which make up the acoustic base. The center of the acoustic base is attached, the coordinates of which are known, the distances from it to the sound receivers are known. Each sound receiver registers the transit time of the sound wave through it.

At least two acoustic bases determine the direction to the sound source. If from the centers of the acoustic bases whose coordinates are known to defer the direction to the sound source on the map (or tablet), then the intersection point will be the point of location of this sound source (sounding target).

In modern sonometry, a method for determining coordinates is known and widely used, the essence of which is as follows.

To determine the coordinates of the firing gun or the point of projectile rupture, two (or three) acoustic bases are deployed, at the edges of which acoustic receivers (VIZ) are installed and their coordinates (x ₁ , y ₁ ) and (x ₂ , y ₂ ) are determined. The directional angle of the director of the acoustic base β ₁ is determined - the angle between the main direction (direction to the North) and the perpendicular to the middle of the acoustic base. Listed and makes up the sequence and list of preparatory measures.

A diagram for determining the direction to the sound source (FR) from one acoustic base is shown in FIG. one.

A sound wave, like an elastic disturbance of a medium, begins to form at the moment of a shot (or rupture). The front of the wave is spherical.

However, they make the assumption that the wave front is flat. Then, with reference to FIG. 1, the sound wave will be first received by VIZ ₂ at time t ₂ , at time t ₁ will receive an audio signal from VIZ. During the time (t ₁ -t ₂ ) the sound signal will pass the segment (stroke difference) A ₁₂ equal

where C _sv is the speed of sound.

From the geometry of the construction, the angle (D ₁ , O ₁ , FR) and the angle (VIZ ₁ , VIZ ₂ , R) are equal to each other and equal to α ₁

In this case, the directional angle of the sound source

Similarly for the second acoustic base

In both cases, the lines (O ₁ - FR) and (O ₂ - FR) are the position lines of the directional angles γ ₁ and γ ₂ , at the intersection of which is the sound source with coordinates (x _from , y _from ), - FIG. 2.

If we denote the coordinates of the points O ₁ and O ₂ as (x ₁ , y ₁ ) and (x ₂ , y ₂ ), then the coordinates (x _of , y _of ) are calculated by the dependencies:

where γ ₁ and γ ₂ are directional angles,

X ₁ , X ₂ , Y ₂ , Y ₁ - coordinates.

The above dependences reflect the fact that the method for determining the coordinates of the sound source is goniometric. Dependencies are also called conjugate observation dependencies.

Preparatory activities are accompanied by errors:

- determining the coordinates of the sound receivers;

- determination of the directional angles of directors of acoustic bases;

- assumptions that the front of the sound wave is flat.

Directly, during the determination of coordinates, there are errors:

- determining the time of arrival of the sound signal;

- calculation of the angles between the directors of the acoustic bases and the direction to the sound source;

- estimates of the speed of a sound wave.

This method of determining the coordinates of a sound source is implemented in all domestic complexes (stations), starting with the first sample of a sound reconnaissance system (ZRS) in 1909.

The indicated method is also laid in the basis of the work of the automated sound metering complexes (AZK) currently in service with the RF Armed Forces (for example, AZK-5, AZK-7) [1, 2].

The advantage of sound reconnaissance is the passive mode of target detection (the station does not emit anything), automatic all-weather round-the-clock detection, circular detection sector, etc.

At the same time, the ability to conduct artillery sound reconnaissance is determined by the acoustic characteristics of reconnaissance targets, the physical properties of the sound-conducting medium, the characteristics of the sound measuring equipment used, methods and means of processing information, etc.

The leading observer of the warning post, which is located near the enemy, and the fact that the calculation of the coordinates of the targets is carried out on request, has a significant impact on the launch of the work of the station. By the difference in the times of arrival of the sound wave to the sound receivers of one acoustic base, the direction to the sounding target from the center of this base is determined. In the presence of 2 ... 3 acoustic bases, the position of the sounding target is determined using the parameters of the oblique triangle.

The exclusion or at least reduction of the influence of negative factors on the combat capabilities of sound reconnaissance is also an acute problem at present.

The proposed method for determining the coordinates of sound reconnaissance is based on the algorithm developed by the authors for the analytical solution of the system of difference-range-difference equations.

The purpose of the invention is the development of a method for determining the coordinates of firing guns and shell explosions, which differs from the known increased accuracy and a decrease in the volume of hardware implementation tools.

The goal is achieved by significantly reducing the number of component errors in determining the coordinates of the object of sound reconnaissance sound metering complexes that operate on the basis of the developed method.

When using the proposed method, the total error in determining the coordinates of the OZR depends on three components:

- errors in determining the coordinates of the sound receivers;

- errors in determining the time of arrival of an audio signal;

- errors in determining the speed of a sound wave.

The scheme for determining the coordinates of the sound source when using the proposed method is presented in FIG. 3.

Consider the sequence of transformations of a difference-ranging system to obtain expressions for determining the coordinates of a sound source.

Application (implementation) of the proposed method for determining the coordinates of a sound reconnaissance object will allow:

a) increase the accuracy of determining the coordinates of the sound source, which is achieved:

an exception in the initial data (and their errors) of the directional angle of directors of acoustic bases;

the definition of each coordinate of the sound source as half the coordinates defined in two versions;

adoption of the wave front - spherical, which eliminates errors in determining the angle from the directrix of the acoustic base to the sound source;

partial compensation of disturbing factors, on which the speed of sound propagation depends, when finding the difference of ranges;

using an algorithm that assumes that heights of firing artillery systems and the location of sound receivers are possible.

b) reduce the number of machines in the sound metering complex to one hardware machine with three RF.

Thus, the occupation of combat order will be reduced to the following sequence:

a hardware machine is deployed;

three RFPs are exposed and attached (ЗП-1 in the center); communication lines are laid from the hardware machine to the RFP.

In this case, the actual determination of the coordinates of the sound source x and y will be carried out in this order:

- upon receipt from the sound source to the RF signal, exceeding the set value of the threshold level in value, is fixed on the time scale;

- zero time scale forms a signal from any sound receiver, which came first;

- regardless of the sequence number of the calculation of the difference in ranges (the right side of equations (1) and (2)) is calculated according to the dependencies of FIG. four:

where C _sv is the speed of sound;

t ₁ , t ₂ , t ₃ - time;

- according to the analytical solution presented in the description, according to dependencies (5 and 7) and (6 and 8), two coordinates "x _from " and two coordinates "y _from " are calculated, their half-value is taken as the true value of the coordinates of the sound source.

The proposed method allows to automate the processing of determining the coordinates of firing guns (explosive ordnance) and the acoustic direction finding of small arms shots and create an automated portable system for acoustic reconnaissance and destruction of enemy points, including for work in motion - on land transport, on board a helicopter.

General list of drawings:

- FIG. 1. The scheme for determining the direction to the sound source from one acoustic base;

FIG. 2. The scheme for determining the coordinates of the sound source when using the prototype method;

- FIG. 3. The scheme for determining the coordinates of the sound source when using the proposed method;

FIG. 4. Illustration of the time positions of signals from sound receivers and the calculation of the time difference.

Information sources

1. Parkhomenko, A.V. and others. Construction and device of modern sound-measuring systems and complexes. / A.V. Parkhomenko, A.G. Dmitrienko, A.V. Blinov, V.V. Shmelev; under the general. ed. A.V. Parkhomenko: a monograph. - Penza: PAII; 2013 .-- 518 s: ill.

2. Parkhomenko, A.V. et al. Theoretical foundations and construction of navigation instruments and sound systems. Navigation equipment. [Training allowance]: / Parkhomenko A.V., Rybakov A.N., Bestuzhev L.V., Shishkov S.V. /. - Penza: AII, 2006. - 365 .: ill.

Claims (1)

A method for determining the coordinates of firing artillery systems and shell explosions by a sound measuring system, based on the installation of sound receivers at points with prepared coordinates, characterized in that the signals from the sound receivers are fed to a time scale, the zero of which is formed by the first signal received, the distance difference is defined as the product of the speed of sound over time the interval between the moments of arrival of the signals: the first and second, first and third sound receivers, according to the dependencies A ₁₂ = C _sounds ⋅ (t ₁ -t ₂ ) and x _from = (y _from -Y ₁ ) ctgγ ₁ , A ₁₃ = C _sv ⋅ (t ₁ -t ₃ ) and y _from = (Y ₂ ctgγ ₂ -Y ₁ ctgy ₁ + X ₁ -X ₂ ) / ctgγ _{2 of the} analytical determination of the coordinates of the sound wave source, two coordinates "x _from "and two coordinates" y _from ", where γ ₁ , γ ₂ - directional angles, X ₁ , X ₂ , Y ₂ , Y ₁ - coordinates, C _sv - speed of sound, t ₁ , t ₂ , t ₃ - time , for the true value of the coordinates of the sound source take their half-sum.

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