RU2670151C1 - Method of manufacturing caulless packing unit and packing unit manufactured therewith - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: package and storage.

SUBSTANCE: method comprises a plurality of packaged articles 4, 10 stacked on each other to form stack 2, the articles being stacked in stack 2 the way at least one level of stack 2 special layer 8 is made forming at least two 14, 16 gripping areas for the loader fork grips. And special 8 layer is first laid on the top of normal 5 layer, which is larger than special 8, and the stop with its capture areas is wrapped with first 22 film and stack 2, wrapped with one of the sides, is turned so that the part of the foot containing special layer 8 is located from the bottom. Next, stack 2 is wrapped with second 24 film that reaches first 22 films, and special 8 layer forms two first 14 and two second 16 gripper grip regions. In this case, second gripping regions 16 extend substantially perpendicularly to first 14 gripping regions, and at least some of articles 4, 10 forming a special layer 8 are smaller than those forming the normal 5 layer. Packaging unit made using the above-described method is invented as well.

EFFECT: higher efficiency is provided.

14 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a bottomless packaging unit comprising a plurality of packaged products stacked on top of each other to form a stack of goods, wherein, according to said method, packaged products are stacked in such a way that at least one stack level is formed of at least two the capture area for the legs of the fork grip of the loader, while the stack of goods with at least its capture area is wrapped with the first film, and the stack of goods wrapped on one side, revorachivayut so that said part of the foot of goods, having gripping area is on the bottom, with a stack of goods is wrapped with a second film, which achieves capture regions. In particular, the present invention relates to the method described in paragraph 1 of the claims.

Such a method is known from DE 2614558 and DE 2702613, in relation to which you can trace the connection with the present applicant. In this known method, a heat-shrink sheath is pulled onto the stack of goods as a first film, which subsequently tightly compresses the stack of goods due to thermal shrinkage when welding is connected to another plastic film previously laid on the stack of goods. After the coup is over, another heat-shrink film is pulled onto the foot as a second film, which also compresses the cargo foot by thermal shrinkage when welding by overlapping areas of the first film.

In particular, this method has proven to be effective for forming packaging blocks from stacked bags, for example bags with petrochemical products, fertilizers, cement, gypsum or lime mortar, that is, in particular, in areas where it is not typical to use pallets to store a stack of goods and / or for which the return or use of pallets after unloading of packaged goods is excluded.

However, there is a need to improve the known method, in particular regarding the transportation of the packaging unit. Although previously the bottomless packaging units were transported individually as unit

products, currently they are usually transported in containers. In order to ensure the most compact filling of containers with packaging blocks, there is a need to arrange the packaging blocks in the container in a specific manner with a specific orientation to each other.

DE 2307106 describes a bottomless stack of goods having a main layer consisting of two bags, the layers on the upper part of the main layer being made of four bags, respectively, where the bags are stacked so that the lower layer is shorter and narrower than the layers on the upper parts of the bottom layer.

The objective of the present invention is to provide a method suitable for the manufacture of packaging blocks using a bottomless technology, as well as to create a packaging block that is packaged in accordance with a bottomless technology and transported in an improved way.

To solve this problem, a method is proposed, which includes the formation of the first special layer with the first two gripping areas, made and arranged to provide the possibility of their capture by two paws of the fork gripper of the loader. In addition, a special layer forms two second gripping regions for the forks of the forks, extending at right angles to the first gripping regions and is configured to be gripped by the arms of the forks of the forklift. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a packaging unit manufactured in accordance with the proposed method is typically a packaging unit with a rectangular base. Therefore, the first capture regions extend in a first direction, and the second capture regions extend in a second direction that is substantially perpendicular to the first direction.

Thus, the packaging unit in accordance with the present invention has two first gripping regions of the aforementioned type and two second gripping regions of the aforementioned type, the first and second gripping regions being perpendicular to each other. Consequently, the forklift moving the packaging unit can enter in the gripping area of the paws of its fork from two directions located at an angle of 90 ° relative to each other, raise a stack of goods and then perform various manipulations with it.

Thus, for example, stacks of goods with different orientations with respect to each other can be located in the container.

Standard cargo stops usually have a rectangular rather than a square layout, with a base width of approximately 1100 mm and a length of approximately 1300 mm. In this context, the description of the present invention preferably relates to packaging units made of bags filled with bulk material. And although the contour forming the bag can usually be precisely defined, there is a certain deviation in the size and weight of the bags filled with bulk material due to the bulk material located in the bag. Thus, all information about the size and weight of the packets given in the present description should be accepted with a certain tolerance. Modern scales can quickly determine the weight of the package with high accuracy. Therefore, the given weight values should be taken with an error of about 2%. With regard to dimensions, higher errors should be applied, which can be determined by morphology and / or particle size distribution and / or tare weight for bulk material. Thus, information regarding dimensions should be taken with an error of up to 10%, and preferably up to 5%.

The material forming the first and second films may be a shrink film by which the stack of goods is first wrapped substantially without tension. The tubular film is then heated by exposing it to heat in such a way that the molecular chain orientation specified in the film production becomes mobile, and the shrinkage dimensions of the film are known from the prior art DE 2614558 and DE 2702613.

Alternatively, the first film and / or the second film may also be a stretch film, known, for example, from EP 2036818 A1, in relation to which you can trace the connection with the applicant. The proposed method can also be applied features of the formation of a stretch film formed from a tubular film from the above document. In particular, this refers to the supply of the material of the second film so that the specified film ends at the level of the gripping areas and is actively protruded, for example, by means of driven crimping rollers for pushing the film material located in the area of the gripping areas inward and for applying the specified material essentially on

the contour of the cargo foot and the zones surrounding the gripping areas, as is known from EP 2036818 A1.

In the method according to the present invention and the proposed packaging unit, the gripping areas are usually made in a horizontal position, formed by a single layer of packaged products. In the case of a stack of goods formed from packages, several packages can be located appropriately on one of the levels to form a special layer. For the formation of capture areas, this special layer is usually covered around the entire perimeter with a conventional layer located on top. During the laying of goods in the foot, one of the layers, which is usually the last layer, is laid out accordingly, as a special layer in the central part, with a lateral distance to the lateral regions of the cubic part of the cargo foot that was laid before. Thus, a special layer provides an appropriate distance to the grip area of the fork forks of the forklift in the direction of each edge of the side region.

In particular, when stacking goods in a foot consisting of bags filled with bulk material, it turned out to be effective to place these packages with the formation of capture areas. In the prior art, this is implemented using identically formed packets in the case of different locations of these packets in a special layer with a reduced number of packets. However, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is contemplated to form the packaging products in a special layer such that their size in this special layer is smaller than the size of the packaging products in the normal layer. In this context, “smaller size” means that, in a plan view, the packaging products in the special layer have a size that is smaller than the size of the packaging products in the normal layer. In this case, the top view is a top view of the base area of the packages stacked on one of the levels so that the main side area of these packages is visible.

Packaging products forming a special layer have the same tolerance size adopted during the production of packaging products. In addition, in a preferred embodiment, they have the same weight, and in particular, the net weight is approximately 18.75 kg. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, four bags are combined as packaging products in a special

layer and for the formation of the specified special layer. The normal layer, located on top, usually contains five packaging products. Five single piece bags, which in a preferred embodiment of the invention form a normal layer, usually have a weight of 25 kg.

While preserving in other cases the known dimensions for individual piece packages with a width of 440 mm and a length of 650 mm, it was proved that it is advisable to form a special layer of packaged products, preferably packages having an appropriate base area of 440 mm +/- 30 mm in width by 510 mm +/- 30 mm in length. In this context, in a preferred embodiment, the four packaging products are preferably combined into a rectangle that forms a special layer having a base area of 880 mm +/- 60 mm wide by 1020 mm +/- 60 mm wide. The normal layer, which is usually located at the top, consists of five ordinary bags with a base area of 1100 mm in width by 1300 mm in length. All layers except a special layer, as a rule, have this size. However, the packets are stacked in successive layers and offset relative to each other to achieve the best grouping of the packets.

In accordance with another preferred embodiment of the present invention, bags of different lengths are made and filled in a bag packaging machine. During this procedure, bags of different sizes are made in the same packaging machine. This installation for packaging in bags is associated with a warehouse of bulk material to be packaged in bags. In a bag packaging machine, bags to be filled are usually made of the same tubular material to be inserted and sealed first with a lower transverse sealing seam, then filled and subsequently sealed with an upper transverse sealing seam to enclose the bulk material in a bag (continuous packaging method fill-seal "). The packages made in this way are placed on the conveyor and fed to the palletizing device, where the packages as packaging products are stacked on top of each other in a stack of goods. During the manufacture of the bags by the continuous packaging method, preferably the same film material is used, which simplifies the procedure.

Thus, the packages can be suitably served from the installation for packaging in packages on the device for laying on a pallet in the quantity and order necessary for laying the entire foot. If we assume that the stack of goods contains eleven normal layers and one special layer, then 55 packets are made from the normal layer and then four packets from the special layer, they are filled and fed to the palletizing device, respectively, for laying the stack of goods in one cycle.

The location of the installation for packaging in bags, conveyor and device for palletizing essentially known from the prior art. In the prior art, there is usually a control device configured to identify and eliminate unusable packets, i.e. a device designed to eliminate said packages from the conveyor belt so that they are not fed to the palletizing device between the bagging machine and the palletizing device. Unsuitable packages are, for example, packages that are not sufficiently sealed. For this purpose, the control device can detect bulk material spilling out of the bag and remove the corresponding bag. Similarly, a metal detector can identify packages containing metallic foreign objects. Thus, plastic granulate bags are usually removed when they contain metallic foreign objects.

As follows from the data, such a control device can be associated with an installation for packaging in packages with the aim of replacing the corresponding remote package without breaking the cycle of the required sequence of supply of smaller and larger packages for laying a special layer and a normal layer. Accordingly, the installation for packaging in bags can produce and fill bags of various sizes within a cycle in which it is necessary to comply with the appropriate sequence of supply of bags of various sizes for stacking loads of goods. Only the removal of the package explains the need for a replacement, which is immediately satisfied by the installation for packaging in packages.

Alternatively, the bagging machine may deliver bags of various sizes to the palletiser using different conveyors so that the bags for the special layer are ready

in one place in the area of the palletizing device, and packages for the normal layer in another place. Thus, bags intended for a normal layer are used for laying normal layers. For laying a special layer using another conveyor.

With this process, the load stop can be stacked in one position on a pallet. Stacking of goods in the feet can be carried out using the device described, for example, in EP 2258618 B1. In addition, any other conventional palletizing device is also suitable for stacking bags.

Alternatively, first, packages from the normal layer can be stacked in a stack by a palletizing device in a first palletizing position, which usually happens. From there, an unfinished stack of goods can be moved from the first stacking position on a pallet, and preferably by means of a conveyor with a drive, to move the stack of goods until said stack is lifted from the conveyor. In the second laying position on the pallet, the special layer is laid using the laying device for the special layer. This device may be represented by a robot or other type of manipulation. Thanks to the above procedure, it is possible to eliminate the requirement for the immediate subsequent transportation of defective packages to complete the supply cycle of small and large packages when removing said defective packages, which, in particular, can be problematic when the defective package appears immediately after replacement, for example, when the defective package is one of the next four smaller packets from a special layer, and the device has already begun production of a sequence of packets from normal layers. In view of this, it is preferable to place a plurality of packets from a special layer in the drive used to form the special layer. Similarly, packets from the normal layer are placed in the drive. The device for implementing the method detects the removed package as defective and on the basis of this determines the requirement for replacement. The drive is accordingly replenished in such a way that a sufficient number of packages for stacking loads of goods are always ready at any time.

The method specified in paragraphs 8-11 of the claims, and the above description of the method, as well as preliminary device-specific

conditions for the implementation of the method may be essential for the invention separately. Thus, the invention described in this application may also relate to the fact that bags of different sizes can be made sequentially, preferably in accordance with a variable sequence, and served on the device for stacking on a pallet in one separate installation for packaging in bags. The cycle may include production from 40 to 140, preferably up to 60 large packets from the normal layer, followed by production from 3 to 20, preferably up to 6 small packets from the special layer. As a rule, they perform many cycles in a row. As for the desired sequence of smaller and larger packets, the device may also contain a drive that counts all issued packets and, therefore, processes the data collected during this process, so that the device’s control registers the data that it can select, knows the number of packets of various sizes in the area of the buffer and / or drive behind the installation for packaging in bags and / or directly in front of the palletizing device and can output the indicated data to control the process.

Additional information and advantages of the present invention are presented in the following description of an embodiment of the present invention, together with the accompanying drawings. The drawings show the following:

in FIG. 1 shows a top view of a normal layer in accordance with an embodiment of the invention,

in FIG. 2 shows a top view of a special layer in accordance with an embodiment of the invention,

in FIG. Figure 3 shows a top view of the stack of goods, the normal layer of which is indicated by an external solid contour, and a special layer located below is indicated by a dashed contour, and

in FIG. 4 shows a side view of a fully wrapped stack of loads containing a special layer and many normal layers.

In FIG. 4 shows one embodiment of a stack of goods 2 containing a plurality of packaged articles 4, which are grouped together, respectively, into one stack level and which in this case may be represented by bags filled with bulk material. A plurality of layers of the packaged articles 4 are stacked on top of each other to form a stack. Each foot level contains

the same number of packaged articles 4 in normal layers 5 with the formation of essentially cubic foot 2 of cargo. Only the layer that is laid first is formed as a special layer 8 and contains fewer packaged articles 10. When laying out a special layer 8, it is laid at a certain distance in all directions from the side areas 12 of the cube formed by normal layers 5.

The resulting stack of 2 goods is covered by the method of counter-tensioning of the shell, which is generally known from EP 2036818 A1 and / or EP 2248722 A1, in relation to which you can trace the connection with the present applicant. In accordance with this method, a special layer is arranged at the very bottom, which forms capture regions below the lowest normal layer 5.1, indicated in FIG. 3 as the first capture regions 14 and the second capture regions 16. The capture areas have approximately the same canopy. Accordingly, the last normal layer 5.1 extends beyond the boundaries of the special layer 8 with approximately the same protrusion along the entire perimeter.

In this embodiment, the resulting cargo stop 2 comprises a special layer 8 shown in FIG. 3. This special layer consists of four separate piece bags 10 having a corresponding length L of 510 mm and a width of B of 440 mm. Therefore, the base of the special layer has the following dimensions: SB = 880 mm and SL = 1020 mm.

In the cargo stack 2, which is completely packed and formed as a packing block 18, the upper normal layer 5.1, consisting, like any other normal layer 5, of five packaged articles 4, lies on this special layer 8. These bags 4 have a length of 1 equal to 650 mm and a width equal to 440 mm. They are placed next to each other, as shown in figure 1, with three packages 4 adjacent to each other with longitudinal sides, and two packages 4 are located on the front side of these adjacent packages and are adjacent to each other with transverse sides. Thus, the normal layer 5 has a base area of 1100 mm in width NB by 1300 mm in length NL. With one presumably concentric arrangement of the lowest normal layer 5.1 and normal layers 5 located at the top of the specified normal layer above the special layer 8, each of the capture areas is formed by a canopy formed by the first normal layer 5.1 of at least 110 mm in size, which is located at the top of these capture areas .

The resulting packaging unit 18 is coated with various film coatings in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 in accordance with the concept described in patent document EP 2036818 A1, i.e. contains a retaining layer 20, a first film 22, which is first pulled onto the stack of weights 2 from the lower side located above, as well as a retaining layer, and a second film sheath 24 formed over the stack of weights 2, so aligned that a special layer 8 passes along downward after turning the specified foot 2 loads. The first and second film material may be the same or different.

List of Reference Numbers

2 stop loads

4 Packable products in the normal layer

5 normal layer

6 Bottom side

8 special layer

10 Packed products in a special layer

12 Side areas

14 First capture area

16 Second capture area

18 Packing unit

20 holding layer

22 First film

24 Second film

b Width of the packaged product in the normal layer

l The length of the packaged product in the normal layer

The width of the packaged product in a special layer

L The length of the packaged product in a special layer

NB Normal layer width

NL Normal layer length

SB Special Layer Width

SL Special Layer Length

Claims (26)

1. A method of manufacturing a bottomless packaging unit (18) containing a plurality of packaged products (4, 10) stacked on top of each other to form a stack (2) of cargo, and according to the specified method: packaged products (4, 10) are stacked in such a way that at least at one level of the foot a special layer (8) is formed that forms at least two gripping areas (14, 16) for the fork forks of the loader, with a special layer (8) first laid on top of the normal layer (5), which is larger than the special layer (8), in any case, the stack (2) of goods is wrapped with its areas (14, 16) of capture by the first film (22), and a stack of goods (2) wrapped on one side is turned over so that the indicated part of the stack (2) of goods containing a special layer (8) is located below, while the stack (2) of goods is wrapped with a second film (24), which comes to the first film (22), wherein the special layer (8) forms two first gripping regions (14) for the forks of the forks and two second gripping regions (16) for the legs of the forks, wherein the second capture regions (16) extend substantially perpendicular to the first capture regions (14), characterized in that at least some of the packaged products (10) forming the special layer (8) are smaller than the packaged products (4) forming the normal layer (5). 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that all the packaged products (10) forming a special layer (8) are smaller than the packaged products (4) forming a normal layer. 3. The method according to one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that the packaged products (4) forming the normal layer (5) have the same dimensions. 4. The method according to one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that the normal layer (5) is formed by five packaged products (4), and a special layer (8) is formed by four packaged products (10). 5. The method according to one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that the packaged products (10) forming a special layer (8) are bags having a base with a width (B) of 440 mm +/- 30 mm, preferably +/- 15 mm and a length (L) of 510 mm +/- 30 mm, preferably +/- 15 mm. 6. The method according to one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that the special layer (8) has a base with a width (SB) of 880 mm +/- 60 mm, preferably +/- 30 mm, and a length (SL) of 1020 mm +/- 60 mm, preferably +/- 30 mm. 7. The method according to one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that the normal layer (5) has a base with a width (NB) of 1100 mm +/- 60 mm, preferably +/- 30 mm, and a length (NL) of 1300 mm +/- 60 mm, preferably +/- 30 mm. 8. The method according to one of the preceding paragraphs, characterized in that the bags of various sizes are made and filled on the packaging machine in bags, which stacks the bags on top of each other as packaged products with the formation of a stack of goods, and is conveyed onto a device for palletizing. 9. The method according to p. 8, characterized in that the device for laying on a pallet stacks packets of a normal layer and packets of a special layer in one of the laying positions on a pallet. 10. The method according to p. 8 or 9, characterized in that the device for laying on a pallet stacks packets from the normal layer to the first position of laying on a pallet, while packets from a special layer are laid using a stacking device for a special layer. 11. The method according to one of paragraphs. 8-10, characterized in that the packages from the normal layer and packages from a special layer are made of the same film material using the method of forming-filling-sealing. 12. A packaging unit (18), packed without pallets, with several layers of packaged products (4, 10) stacked on top of each other so that the grip areas (14, 16) for the fork forks of the fork are formed, which are formed at the level of the foot a special layer (8), on which the normal layer (5) is placed, which is larger than the special layer (8), and the packaging unit contains: a first film (22) wrapping the bottom side (6) and at least a portion of the side regions (12) of the packaging unit (18), a second film (24), stretched over the foot (2) of the goods in the opposite direction to the first film, moreover, a special layer (8) forms two first grip areas (14) for the forks of the forks and two second grip areas (16) for the legs of the forks, wherein the second capture regions (16) extend substantially at right angles to the first capture regions (14), characterized in that the first and second films (22) are made in the form of a shell, and at least some packaged articles (10) forming a special layer (8) are smaller than packaged articles (4) forming a normal layer (5). 13. The packaging unit (18) according to claim 12, characterized in that the products to be packaged are bags filled with bulk material. 14. The packaging unit (18) according to claim 12 or 13, characterized by the presence of additional improvements according to one of paragraphs. 2-7.

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