RU2669250C1 - Permafrost ground aerodrome complex - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the construction of aerodromes. Permafrost ground aerodrome complex includes runway (1), as well as structures installed on screw piles and connected together by rail tracks with carriages (13). Main rail way (12) perpendicularly intersects runway (1) with the formation outside of it of the line of accumulation of empty carriages (13). At the indicated intersection, the main path is equipped with pivot bridge (15). Parallel to the runway is auxiliary rail track (10) perpendicularly connected to the crossing runway by main rail track (12) and located in front of the hangar. Hangar consists of boxes located on one line (2) with rail tracks. At the entrance to each box (2) on the auxiliary rail track (10) there are rotary bridges (14). Parallel to the runway, a second auxiliary railroad track is connected, connecting residential complex (7) to transfer platform (8) and hangar boxes (2).

EFFECT: invention simplifies construction technology and improves reliability.

6 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of construction and can be used to create prefabricated airfields on frozen soils in both summer and winter.

Known runway (runway) of the aerodrome containing a natural soil base, cement concrete base and expansion strip on reinforced concrete piles (RU, No. 2477767, IPC E01C 9/00, 2013).

A disadvantage of the known runway is the design complexity due to the use of reinforced concrete piles, which leads to an increase in the complexity of work and higher construction costs, as well as to a decrease in the reliability of the runways when exposed to frost heaving forces, thereby reducing, in general, efficiency work of the runway of the airfield.

It is known to use screw piles as the foundation of structures on a frozen base (STO 56947007-29. 120.95-050-2010 Design standards for foundations of screw piles. Organization standard of JSC FGC UES Design standards for foundations of screw piles, 2010).

However, the use of such structures for aerodrome complexes was not found.

The closest technical solution is the aerodrome complex of buildings and structures, including: an aerodrome intended for: providing take-offs, landing, taxiing, parking and aircraft maintenance; service and technical territory intended for the location of buildings and structures for servicing passenger, cargo and mail transportation, technical maintenance of aircraft, fueling facilities, a flight control building with an antenna field and industrial buildings and auxiliary structures, arranged on a dirt foundation (V. Romashkov A Study of Technological Processes and Planning Solutions for Agricultural Aviation Aerodromes / Proceedings of the Research Institute “Aeroproject”: Technology and Planning of Airports. 10. ypusk - M .: Aeroproject, 1972).

A disadvantage of the known airfield complex of buildings and structures is the complexity and lengthy process of manufacturing the construction of the base of structures, as well as poor transport links between the main objects: runways, hangars, main and auxiliary buildings, which is especially important in the case of aircraft preparation in adverse weather conditions.

The technical problem of the invention lies in the creation of an airfield complex on frozen soils, quickly built with efficient transport interconnection between objects, which has increased reliability when working in harsh climatic conditions.

The technical result of the invention is to simplify and reduce the construction time of the airfield complex by eliminating the operations of organizing a multilayer bearing base and using prefabricated structures of prefabricated structures, both in the summer and in the winter, as well as the quick preparation of aircraft for flights during organization effective transport interconnection between the main facilities of the airfield complex, creating more comfortable conditions for servicing aircraft.

The posed problem and the indicated technical result are achieved by the fact that on the airdrome complex on permafrost soils, including the runway, hangars, radar, diesel generator, residential complex, a module for cleaning household waste and other structures erected on a frozen artificial foundation and connected by roads mounted on screw piles and connected by rail with transport trolleys moving along them, equipped with hoists, and also installed on screw piles, while the heads are mounted the rail track, which perpendicularly crosses the runway with the formation of an accumulation line of empty bogies outside it, and is equipped with a turning bridge at the intersection, in addition, an auxiliary rail runs parallel to the runway, perpendicular to the intersecting runway the main rail track and located in front of the hangar, consisting of boxes located on the same line with the rail tracks, while at the entrance to each box on the auxiliary rail ovom path established rotary bridges, besides parallel runway held second auxiliary track - hangar for connecting apartment complex with overload pad and hangar boxes. In addition, to the airdrome complex parallel to the rail track located behind the hangar, a dirt road was made connecting the residential complex with the platform for the airship and helicopter, as well as with auxiliary facilities. The hangars are located in parallel from different sides of the runway and are connected to it at its beginning and in the middle by a separate elevated rail transport. And the hangar boxes are made on two levels and equipped with aircraft lifts and are connected by rail to the runway, with each rail ending with a turning bridge mounted on the runway.

The execution of the airdrome complex, when all the structures are connected by overhead rail transport and mounted on screw piles, and the hangar is made of composite boxes with rails, allows you to speed up and simplify the technology of building the airdrome complex - go to the technology of prefabricated structures due to the failure, in fact, from purely building operations and the transition to the use of technology of assembly production, which is ensured by the refusal to prepare an artificial soil base for runways, ground transportation of the system and other auxiliary structures built on a soil base, and the use of screw piles instead, which makes it possible to increase the stability of all structures of the airfield complex due to the possibility of regulating the depth of immersion of the screw piles during operation and thereby resist the influence of heaving. In addition, it becomes possible to quickly carry out repairs and maintenance of the elevated transport system in comparison with the use of dirt roads, quickly increase the power of the air group by supplying aircraft from several boxes at once, and moving planes and pilots on transport trolleys.

The execution of hangar boxes on two levels with the equipment of their aircraft lifts allows to increase the number of aircraft based on the same areas, which significantly increases the efficiency of using the airfield complex.

All elements of the airfield complex are directly and forcibly interconnected in the technological chain due to their rigid connection with an overhead rail transport system, which allows for uninterrupted sending, receiving and servicing of aircraft flows in adverse weather conditions. In particular, raising the transport system above the ground makes it quite easy to organize, for example, using a sensor system to constantly monitor its condition automatically. At the same time, it becomes possible to prevent the transport system from falling asleep with snow and to simplify the process of cleaning it, which increases, in general, the efficiency of the airfield complex.

The installation in the same line of boxes with auxiliary rail tracks located on both sides with transport trolleys can significantly simplify the operation of equipping aircraft with ammunition and the delivery of pilots to aircraft and vice versa.

Equipping the rotary bridges from the facade of the hangar opposite each box allows you to simplify the process of delivering aircraft and equipment and, accordingly, reduce the time to prepare aircraft for launch.

The execution of the runway, docked with the main rail track and crossing it in the center with a turning bridge, allows the aircraft to start faster on one side or the other of the strip.

The formation outside the runway of the line of accumulation (expectation) of empty bogies, connected to the auxiliary rail track of the hangar boxes, allows you to free the main transport line and, accordingly, increase the intensity - speed up the process of supplying aircraft to the start and return process.

Laying on the other side of the hangar boxes of the second auxiliary rail track, connected at one end to the housing complex, and at the other end to the transshipment platform (cargo, food, fuel, spare parts, etc.), allows you to more quickly and safely equip aircraft and deliver pilots , which increases, in general, the efficiency of the airfield complex.

The intensity of take-off and landing of airplanes can be increased, for which two lines of hangar boxes are erected, which are located in parallel on different sides of the runway and can be connected to it by a separate above-ground rail transport at its beginning. In this case, the aircraft can start directly one after another. In the case of connecting the hangars with a separate elevated rail transport from the runway in its middle, it becomes possible to further accelerate the process of sending aircraft. In this case, two aircraft can start simultaneously at the same time, which, in general, increases the efficiency of the airfield complex.

The efficiency of the airfield complex can be significantly improved, for which each hangar box is connected by rail to the runway, and each rail track ends with a rotary bridge mounted on the runway. In this case, take-off and landing of a whole stream of aircraft can be provided.

The aerodrome complex on permafrost is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows a structural (technological) layout of an airfield complex; in FIG. 2 is a diagram of an airplane transportation; in FIG. 3 - design and layout of the airfield complex with two lines of hangar boxes; in FIG. 4 - structural layout of the airfield complex with combined runways and hangar boxes.

In FIG. 1-4 are indicated:

1 - runway; 2 - hangar boxes; 3 - radar; 4 - a platform for the airship and helicopter; 5 - diesel generator; 6 - module for household waste treatment; 7 - residential complex; 8 - transshipment platform; 9 - screw piles; 10, 11, 12 - overhead rail transport; 13 - transport trolleys; 14, 15 - rotary bridges; 16 - line accumulation (expectation) of empty carts; 17 - lift; 18 - hydraulic cylinders; 19 - plane; 20 - aircraft landing gear; 21 - frozen soil base; 22, 23 - independent parts of the runway; 24, 25 - line of hangar boxes; 26 - dirt road.

The airfield complex on permafrost soils consists of runway 1 and the main auxiliary structures: hangar boxes 2, radar 3, pad for the airship and helicopter 4, diesel generator 5, household waste treatment module 6, residential complex 7, transshipment platform 8 installed on screw piles 9 and connected by elevated rail transport 10, 11, 12, including transport trolleys 13 (Fig. 1 and Fig. 2). At the same time, hangar boxes 2 are made integral with rails inside, installed in one line with rail tracks 10 and 11 located on both sides with transport trolleys 13, equipped with swivel bridges 14 from the facade opposite each box, while runway 1 intersects rail track 12 with swivel a bridge 15 in the center, connected to the rail track of 10 hangars 2, with the installation of 16 empty bogies 13 outside the runway 1 of the accumulation (waiting) line, and on the other side of the hangars 2 (from the rear), another rail track 11 connected to one end 7 with a residential complex, and on the other - with overload pad 8 (goods, food, fuel, spare parts etc.). Transport trolleys 13 are equipped with a lift 17, actuated by hydraulic cylinders 18 for raising the aircraft 19 and transporting it without touching the aircraft landing gear 20 with rail transport 10, 11, 12 mounted on screw piles 9 screwed into a frozen soil base 21 (Fig. 2) .

The airfield complex may include two lines of hangar boxes 24, 25 located opposite each other in parallel from different sides of runway 1, and connected to it by a separate above-ground rail transport 12 (Fig. 3). At the same time, runway 1 consists of two independent parts 22 and 23, each of which is connected by the main elevated rail track with its own line of hangar boxes 24 and 25.

The airfield complex can be made more compact. In this case, each hangar box 2 is connected by rail with runway 1, and each rail ends with a turning bridge 14, mounted on the runway 1 (Fig. 4).

The airfield complex on permafrost soils is mounted and operates as follows.

First, the following structures are erected: runways, hangar complex, residential complex and auxiliary facilities, for which they screw piles 9 into the frozen base 21. Then, rail tracks 10, 11, 12 with transport trolleys 13 and slewing bridges 14, 15, are installed and fixed on the ends of the piles of runway 1. they install hangar boxes 2, a residential complex 7, a loading dock 8, a radar 3, a diesel generator 5, a household waste treatment module 6, and other auxiliary facilities on piles.

The operation of the airfield complex begins with the delivery of pilots by rail 11 on a transport trolley 13 from the housing complex 7 to the hangar boxes 2, in which there are 19 aircraft with self-propelled carts 13. Equipment for aircraft 19, as well as newly arrived pilots and maintenance personnel, are moved to the hangar boxes 2 or a residential complex 7 on the other side of the track 11, connected to the platform for the airship and helicopter 4 through the reloading platform 8.

Curbed and refueled aircraft 19 with pilots located in boxes 2 are fixed in a raised state on self-propelled carts 13, for which the lift 17 is driven by hydraulic cylinders 18, thereby raising the plane 19 to form a gap between the landing gear 20 and the rail track. After that, a self-propelled carriage with an airplane leaves box 2 and, getting on a turning bridge 14, moves along a rail 10 to a turning bridge located on a rail 12. Then a self-propelled carriage with an airplane moves along a rail 12 to a central turning bridge 15 installed on runway 1. The pivot bridge 15 with airplane 19 is rotated 90 ° towards the start, after which the airplane lowers by touching the runway chassis and taxiing to the starting position, and the empty self-propelled carriage moves along rail 16 to the accumulation zone Eating (waiting) empty carts 13.

After the return of the aircraft, the latter runs into a self-propelled cart, which is fed from the accumulation zone (standby) to the central rotary bridge 15, and the whole operation is repeated in the reverse order.

The efficiency of the airfield complex can be significantly increased, for which the complex is made of two lines of hangar boxes 24, 25 located opposite each other on different sides of the runway and connected to it at its beginning by a separate elevated rail transport (Fig. 3). In this case, the aircraft can start directly one after another. In the case of connecting the hangars with the runway in the middle, it becomes possible to further accelerate the process of sending aircraft. In this runway is built from two parts 22 and 23 (Fig. 3). In this case, two aircraft can start simultaneously at the same time on opposite sides of the runway.

If it is necessary to start and return a group of aircraft, it is advisable to use the scheme of the airfield complex with combined runway 1 and hangar boxes 2 (Fig. 4). Since each hangar box 2 is connected by its rail track to runway 1, and ends with a turning bridge 14 installed on runway 1, it becomes possible to send and receive several aircraft simultaneously in a stream.

For reliable operation of the airfield complex, as well as in the event of an emergency on the transport system, a dirt road is provided that connects the pad for the airship and helicopter 4 with the residential complex 7 (Fig. 1).

The effectiveness of the functioning of the airfield complex largely depends on the rational distribution of its main elements, the optimal number of these elements, taking into account the characteristics of the generated stream of aircraft.

On the General technological scheme of the airfield complex (Fig. 1) it is seen that all the elements of the airfield complex are directly forcibly and technologically interconnected. Therefore, the airfield complex can function more efficiently than unpaved airfields, as the entire system provides the ability to seamlessly send, receive and service the flow of aircraft. At the same time, time losses are sharply reduced when performing certain operations at the aerodrome complex due to the rigid connection of all objects with an overground transport system. Thus, the design of the airfield complex on permafrost soils has been created, the effectiveness of which consists of the following factors:

- refusal to perform a large amount of soil work related to the organization of artificial foundations;

- refusal to prepare building mixtures and manufacture airfield concrete slabs;

- the possibility of using technology of quickly erected structures to form an airfield complex in harsh climatic conditions of construction based on the rejection of purely building technologies and the transition to the use of a more efficient technology - above-ground assembly of interfaced structures;

- the ability to quickly install the entire airfield complex of prefabricated structures at the construction site;

- the possibility of high-quality and quick repair work on the maintenance of the airfield complex;

- the possibility of operational preparation and delivery of aircraft to the starting position and their return to the hangar boxes due to the effective use of the elevated rail transport system with the possibility of switching to computer control.

It is especially effective to use the proposed technical solution in the construction of quickly-built airfields in the event of their autonomous functioning in the Arctic zones, characterized by a wide distribution of structurally unstable high-ice soils and the absence of a sufficient number of conditioned ground materials.

The airdrome complex on permafrost soils was made in the form of a model in the construction laboratory of the Department of PSK TvSTU and showed the possibility of its implementation in real construction conditions.

Claims (6)

1. An aerodrome complex on permafrost soils, including a runway, hangars, a radar, a diesel generator, a residential complex, a module for cleaning household waste, while these structures built on a frozen artificial foundation are connected by roads, characterized in that all structures the airfield complex is mounted on screw piles and connected by rail with transport trolleys equipped with elevators, while the main rail is mounted, which is perpendicular to it forks the runway with the formation of an accumulation line of empty bogies outside its borders and is equipped with a turning bridge at the intersection, in addition, an auxiliary rail runs parallel to the runway and is perpendicular to the main rail crossing the runway located in front of it hangar, consisting of boxes arranged along one line with rail tracks, while at the entrance to each box on the auxiliary rail track mounted bridges, in addition to parallel to the runway, a second auxiliary rail track was made - behind the hangar, connecting the housing complex with a transshipment area and hangar boxes. 2. The complex according to claim 1, characterized in that a dirt road is constructed parallel to the rail located behind the hangar, connecting the residential complex with the platform for the airship and helicopter, as well as with auxiliary facilities. 3. The complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the hangars are located parallel from different sides of the runway and are connected to it at its beginning by a separate elevated rail transport. 4. The complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the hangars are located in parallel on different sides of the runway and are connected to it in the middle by a separate elevated rail transport. 5. The complex according to claim 1, characterized in that the hangar boxes are made on two levels and are equipped with aircraft lifts. 6. The complex according to claim 1, characterized in that each hangar box is connected by rail to the runway, and each rail track ends with a swivel bridge installed on the runway.

Images