RU2668472C2 - Microsurgical technology of introducing microparticles in the microwound of the vertical profile of the eye cornea - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to medicine, namely to microsurgery and experimental ophthalmology, and concerns the modeling of the traumatic process in the cornea of the eye. Method involves the use of microsurgical technology and the introduction of microparticles into the corneal microwound. To do this, using a universal microsurgical tool for the formation of microwound in the cornea, the eyes of the rabbit are formed at a given depth of the microwound of the vertical profile of a conical shape. In this case, the diameter of the working part of the tool is selected according to the diameter of the microparticle. Conical profile of the microwound is formed so that the lower part of the cone corresponds to the size of the microparticle. Microsurgical injector is then injected with an elongated microparticle, laid horizontally to the bottom of the microregions, and fixed there by digestion with distilled water. Dripping is conducted until, under the biomicroscopic control of the slit lamp, it is established that the microparticle is tightly fixed due to the induced edema of the tissues of the microorganism.EFFECT: proposed microsurgical technology corresponds to the maximum traumatism and the profile of the wound when foreign bodies hit in the cornea of the patient's eye, and reliable fixation of microparticles in the microwound allows long-term clinical observations of the traumatic process.1 cl

Description

Microsurgical technology for the introduction of microparticles into the microrana of the vertical profile of the cornea of the eye.

 Microsurgical technology for introducing microparticles into the micrane of the vertical profile of the cornea of the eye relates to medicine, in particular to microsurgery, and can be used to introduce microparticles into the micrane to a dosage depth, for example, in the eye of an experimental animal.

A known method of introducing a foreign body into the anterior chamber of the rabbit's eye through a corneal incision in the limbal zone with a spear-shaped knife (1). However, this method does not allow the introduction of foreign bodies into the cornea of the eye of an experimental animal.

There is a method of introducing foreign bodies into the cornea of a bull’s eye by bringing it to a sharpener that grinds a metal (2), when particles of the processed metal and abrasive fly off and penetrate the cornea of the eye. However, this method has several disadvantages:

- not one, but many foreign bodies penetrate into the cornea of the eye;

- at the same time, chemically aggressive iron-containing foreign bodies and chemically non-aggressive silicon particles are introduced into the cornea;

- to the mechanical factor of damage to the cornea of the eye by foreign bodies is attached and the thermal factor - damage by red-hot particles of metal;

- but the most important thing is that these foreign bodies, under the powerful influence of the third century rabbit, come out of the wound on the first or second day, not allowing long-term clinical observation of them.

The closest analogue taken as a prototype to the claimed microsurgical technology is the introduction of metal particles into a wound formed by a microkeratome (3). A microkeratome makes an incision of the cornea with the formation of a bed with the subsequent introduction of metal particles from the microkeratome blade, which corresponds to modern requirements of the operation at the microsurgical level and was the basis of our developments. However, the main task of the experimenter is to reproduce the injury as accurately as possible when introducing a foreign body into the cornea of the patient’s eye, since large particles pierce the cornea and fly into the eye and only small particles get stuck in it. These foreign bodies are so small that they are visible only under a good increase in the slit lamp. Based on this, this method has several disadvantages:

- during the corneal incision with a microkeratome, a bed for foreign bodies is formed, but not one wound channel under one foreign body;

- there is no opportunity to form a wound strictly dosed in diameter and depth.

The lack of full knowledge of the course of traumatic processes in the cornea of the patient’s eye upon ingestion of foreign bodies makes us study this experimentally. However, the thickness of the cornea of the eye of a rabbit, which ophthalmologists have chosen as an experimental animal, ranges from 0.1 to 0.3 mm. This creates great difficulties for researchers, which explains the lack of knowledge of this problem in the experiment.

Having set the goal of experimentally studying the course of the traumatic process, including metallosis (tissue damage by metal ions) with foreign bodies in the cornea of the eye, we:

- developed and manufactured slightly elongated microparticles ranging in size from tenths to hundredths of a millimeter;

- microsurgical instrument (4, 5, 6, 7) for working with these microparticles.

Having started the development of the technology of introducing microparticles into the cornea of the eye of an experimental animal, we based on clinical observations of the positions of foreign bodies in the cornea of the patients' eyes and wound canal profiles (8, 9, 10, 11).

Most often there are cases with a direct profile of the wound. The first studies with the formation of such a wound have perplexed us. Under the powerful influence of the third century of the rabbit, the implanted microparticles were first displaced, and then emerged from the wound and this occurred mainly on the first or second day after introduction.

The technical result of the invention is to ensure the introduction of a microparticle into the cornea of the eye at a metered depth with reliable fixation in the micrane, in order to conduct a long study of the course of the traumatic process and metallosis in the cornea of the experimental animal.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that a cone-shaped microran is formed at a predetermined depth in the cornea of the eye with a universal microsurgical instrument, into which a microparticle is dosed with a microsurgical injector and fixed due to edema caused by microran tissues.

Signs that distinguish the claimed method from the prototype, characterize:

- the use of a universal microsurgical instrument for the formation of microrana in the cornea of the eye;

- a microran in the cornea of the eye is formed into a cone-shaped shape at a given depth;

- the introduction of a microparticle into a microscopic wound to a predetermined depth is carried out by a microsurgical injector with subsequent correction of the position of the microparticle in the wound by a microsurgical injector;

- the diameter of the working part of the universal microsurgical instrument is selected according to the diameter of the microparticle, which allows you to form a micrane of the same diameter with the microparticle and prevents it from falling out of the wound;

- dosed marking on the tip of the working part of the microsurgical instrument determines the depth of the formed microrana;

- the piercing-cutting tip of the working part of the microsurgical instrument allows the formation of a cone-shaped microrana;

- the dosed output of the pusher from the body of the microsurgical injector determines the dosed depth of the introduction of the microparticle into the micrane

- artificially caused tissue edema of microrana tightly fixes a microparticle.

The technology of the operation.

A slit lamp was used as an operating microscope. After application anesthesia under the control of a microscope, the tip of a universal microsurgical instrument is perpendicularly inserted into the tissue of the cornea of the eye until dosing marking, and with slight movements of the tip of the microsurgical instrument, a cone-shaped profile of the microran is formed so that the lower part of the cone corresponds to the size of the microparticle.

A charged microsurgical injector is quickly pressed to the entrance to the micro-wound and the microparticle is introduced into the micro-wound to the dosed depth with a pusher. Using a universal microsurgical instrument, a slightly elongated microparticle is laid horizontally on the bottom of the micranes. Distilled water is dripped onto the wound until, under the biomicroscopic control of the slit lamp, we are convinced that the microrana has firmly fixed the particle due to tissue edema. Numerous experimental studies have shown that the microsurgical technology for introducing microparticles into the micrane of the vertical profile of the cornea of the experimental animal corresponded to the trauma and wound profile when foreign bodies entered the cornea of the patient’s eye, and reliable fixation of microparticles in the micrane allowed long-term clinical observations of the course of the traumatic process, including metallosis, in the cornea of the eye of an experimental animal.

List of literary sources.

1. Metallosis of the eye and its treatment. G.R. Dambite. Publishing house "Medicine". Moscow 1971, p. 67.

2. Removal of Corneal Foreign Bodies: An instructional Model D.W. Collins, BSc M.T. Coroneo, MS, FRACS. Ophthalmic Surgery February 1994 vol 25, no 2. p. 99-100.

3. Bissen-Miyajima H et al. Observation of the corneal flap interface with metal particles in a rabbit model J. Cataract Refract Surg. 2005 JulS 31 (7) 1409-13.

4. A device for working with microsurgical injectors. Patent for invention No. 2553389 dated 05/18/2015. Patent holder. Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education. Petrozavodsk State University (RU). Authors: Misyun F.A. (RU), Poromova I.Yu. (RU), Gavrilyuk I.O. (RU), Meshkov V.V. (RU).

5. Microsurgical injector for introducing microparticles into a microscopic wound at a metered depth. Patent for invention No. 2553514 dated 05/20/2015. Patent holder. Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education. Petrozavodsk State University (RU). Author: Misyun F.A. (RU).

6. A tool for gripping, holding and dosing the movement of microparticles. Patent for invention No. 2553569 dated 05/20/2015. Patent holder. Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education. Petrozavodsk State University (RU). Author: Misyun F.A. (RU).

7. A universal microsurgical instrument for the formation of microranes in the cornea of the eye of an experimental animal. Patent for invention No. 2573556 dated 12/18/2015. Patent holder. Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education. Petrozavodsk State University (RU) Authors: Misyun F.A. (RU), Vapirov B.B. (RU), Gavrilyuk I.O. (RU).

8. A method for removing a foreign body that causes infiltration or metallosis of surrounding tissues from the surface of the cornea. Author Misyun Franz Alexandrovich. Copyright certificate No. 1651893 dated February 1, 1991. Applicant Petrozavodsk State University O.V. Kuusinen.

9. A method of removing a foreign body from the deep layers of the cornea. Copyright certificate No. 1769876 of 06.22.1992. Author Misyun Franz Alexandrovich. Applicant Petrozavodsk State University O.V. Kuusinen.

10. A method of removing a foreign body of the cornea, partially protruding into the anterior chamber of the eye. Patent for invention No. 2347549 dated February 27, 2009. Patent holder: Misyun Franz Aleksandrovich. (RU) Author Misyun Franz Aleksandrovich (RU).

11. A method for removing solid elongated foreign bodies with an oblique arrangement in the cornea of the eye. Patent for invention No. 2380069 from 01/27/2010. Patent holder: Misyun Franz Aleksandrovich. (RU) Author Misyun Franz Aleksandrovich (RU).

Claims (1)

A method for creating a traumatic process in the cornea of a rabbit’s eye, including the use of microsurgical technology for introducing microparticles into the cornea’s microrunas, characterized in that using a universal microsurgical instrument for forming micranes in the cornea, the eyes of the experimental animal form a cone-shaped vertical profile at the given depth, the diameter of the working parts of the tool are selected according to the diameter of the microparticles, and the cone-shaped profile of the micrane is formed so that the lower part of the cone corresponds to the size of the microparticle, then an elongated microparticle is introduced by a microsurgical injector, laying horizontally on the bottom of the microparticle and fix it there by dripping with distilled water until it is established under biomicroscopic control of the slit lamp that the microparticle is tightly fixed for due to edema caused by microran tissue.