RU2573556C1 - Multi-purpose microsurgical instrument for microwound formation in experimental animal's cornea - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: multi-purpose microsurgical instrument for microwound formation in experimental animal's cornea consists of a handle, a cone-shaped transition and a working portion of the instrument. The cylinder-chipped notched taper-ended handle extends into the cone-shaped transition consisting of tubular segmental links embedded into each other. A curved changeable working portion of the instrument having a sharp edge and a flat portion of the instrument fixed by common crimping in an end link of the cone-shaped transition is inserted into the end link of the cone-shaped transition.

EFFECT: using this invention is expected to provide the high-precision microwound formation in the experimental animal's cornea with observing a required microwound diameter, length, depth and profile.

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Description

A universal microsurgical tool for the formation of microranes in the cornea of the eye of an experimental animal can be used in medicine, in particular in ophthalmology, and used in experimental microsurgery to create microranes of different diameters, lengths, depths and profiles.

A known tool for the formation of the wound channel in the soft tissues using an injection needle, mounted on a syringe [1, 2]. But since these needles are straight, they form a wound channel of only a direct profile, which does not allow creating the versatility of wound channels.

A tool is known in surgery - a surgical suture curved needle [3], clamped in the needle holder [4], this tool forms a channel of a curved profile.

But these instruments have such technical characteristics (thickness, length, bending of the needle) and macro-sizes of the needle holder itself, which are not suitable for microsurgery.

The closest construction analogs known in world technology is the tool, which is chosen as a prototype - a microsurgical needle holder [5] with a microsurgical needle fixed in it [6].

Technical disadvantages of such a tool:

- the tool is designed to work with the transverse capture of the needle, which causes the inconvenience of micromanipulation,

- the design of the needle holder, providing capture, fixation of the needle and release from the capture of the needle, makes the tool cumbersome and complicates the implementation of micromanipulation,

- the tool does not provide a constant dosage fixation of the needle, which reduces the accuracy of micromanipulation.

The technical result of the invention is the provision of high accuracy of the formation of microrana in the cornea of the eye of an experimental animal of the required diameter, length, depth and profile, as well as its versatility and versatility.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that the handle, cylindrical-shaped with notches and a cone-shaped narrowing at the end, goes into a cone-shaped transition, consisting of tubular-segmental links pressed into each other, and a replaceable working part of the tool is inserted into the end link of the conical transition, having a curved a shape with a sharp-cutting tip and a flat part of the tool, which is fixed by simple compression in the end link of the cone-shaped transition.

In FIG. 1 shows a universal microsurgical instrument for the formation of microrana in the cornea of an eye of an experimental animal, which consists of:

1 - handles cylindrical shape,

2 - conical narrowing of the handle,

3 - conical transition,

4 - the working part of the tool.

In FIG. 2 shows a cone-shaped transition 3 having:

5 - tubular-segmental links, pressed into each other,

6 - end link of the cone-shaped transition.

In FIG. 3 shows the working part of the tool 4, having:

7 - piercing-cutting point,

8 - flat part of the tool.

The handle of a cylindrical-faceted shape 1 is made of a cylindrical-faceted shape with notches, which gives a good fixation of a universal microsurgical instrument for forming a microran in the cornea of the experimental animal’s eye in the surgeon’s hand and ensures the accuracy of micromanipulation with a piercing-cutting tip 7 of the working part of the tool 4. The working part of the tool 4, having a curved shape with a piercing and cutting tip 7 and a flat part of the tool 8, it is rigidly fixed not horizontally, but vertically, which ensures the accuracy of the mic omanipulyatsy and the formation of the wound required profiles. Dosed rigid fixation of the working part of the tool 4 with different technical parameters allows the formation of microranes of a given diameter, length, depth and profile.

At a predetermined distance from the piercing-cutting tip 7, risk is applied to the working part of the tool 4, for example, with paint, to which the working part of the tool 4 must be inserted into the cornea tissue of the eye, which guarantees the formation of microranes of a given depth.

The above essential features made it possible to form microranes of the required diameter, length, depth and profile in the cornea of the eye of experimental animals.

Designed and manufactured devices and micro-tools [7, 8, 9, 10] made it possible to conduct their serial tests on rabbits and revealed the specificity of the technical requirements for the proposed universal microsurgical instrument for the formation of microranes in the cornea of the eye of an experimental animal - the need for its versatility and versatility.

In the course of experimental studies, there is a need to change the length of a universal microsurgical instrument for the formation of microranes in the cornea of the eye of an experimental animal, which is achieved by changing both the length and the number of tubular-segmental units 5 pressed into each other.

Different diameter, different bending and different lengths of the working part of the tool 4 allows you to form microranes of different diameters, lengths, depths and profiles. The thickness difference of the working part of the tool 4 is calculated in tenths or hundredths of a millimeter, which allows you to choose such an inner diameter of the end link of the conical transition 6 that, without changing the tool, you can change its functionality only by replacing the working part of the tool 4 with the necessary technical parameters .

The shape of the flat part of the tool 8 allows you to fix the working part of the tool 4 in the end link of the cone-shaped transition 6 by simple compression, and if the piercing-cutting point 7 is dull, a new working part of the tool 4 is inserted and fixed by compression.

The proposed universal microsurgical tool for the formation of microranes in the cornea of the eye of an experimental animal is universal and multifunctional because the tubular-segmental structure of the cone-shaped transition 3 allows you to:

- change the length of the universal microsurgical instrument for the formation of microrana in the cornea of the eye of an experimental animal by changing the number or length of tubular-segmental links 5, pressed into each other,

- changing only the technical parameters of the working part of the instrument 4, to ensure the multifunctionality of the microsurgical instrument,

- quickly replace the failed working part of the tool 4, fixing it with a simple compression.

These features made the universal microsurgical tool for the formation of microrana in the cornea of the eye of an experimental animal not only universal, but also multifunctional, which allowed the formation of microranes of different diameters, lengths, depths and profiles in the cornea of a rabbit’s eye with a thickness of 0.2-0.3 mm up to the exit into the anterior chamber of the eye, which is proved by our numerous experimental studies.

Information sources

1. Full medical reference book for a nurse [Text]: recommendations on basic responsibilities, basics of resuscitation, legal base, code of ethics / [otv. ed. P. Vyatkina]. - Add. and updated ed. - Moscow: Eksmo, 2012. - 605, [1] p.

2. Handbook of a nurse. Practical Guide / comp. Hramova E.Yu., Plisov V.A. - Moscow: RIPOL classic, 2010. - 510, [1] p.

3. Operative surgery and topographic anatomy / Ed. V.V. Kovanova, 4th ed., Supplemented. - M .: Medicine 2001. - 408 s: and l. - (Uch. Lit. For students of medical universities).

4. E.M. Turgunov, A.A. Nurbekov. Surgical Instruments - Educational visual aid. Karaganda, 2008 .-- 24 p. Page 13.

5. Gevorkov A.R., Martirosyan N.L., Dydykin S.S., Eliava S.Sh. / Fundamentals of Microsurgery. - M.: GEOTAR-Media, 2009 .-- 96 p.: Ill. - (Series Library Specialist Physician) p. 14.

6. Gevorkov A.R., Martirosyan N.L., Dydykin S.S., Eliava S.Sh. / Fundamentals of Microsurgery. - M.: GEOTAR-Media, 2009 .-- 96 p.: Ill. - (Series Library Specialist Physician) p. 20.

7. Device for photofixation of the microstructures of the anterior segment of the eye. Utility Model Patent No. 130822 dated August 10, 2013. Patentee: Federal State Budgetary Establishment of Higher Professional Education "Petrozavodsk State University". Authors: Misyun F.A., Poromova I.Yu., Gavrilyuk I.O., Meshkov VV

8. A device for working with microsurgical injectors for introducing microparticles into a microscopic wound at a metered depth. Application for invention No. 2013129524 of June 27, 2013. Authors: Misyun F.A. Poromova I.Yu. Gavrilyuk I.O., Meshkov V.V.

9. Microsurgical injector for introducing microparticles to a dosed depth. Application for invention No. 2013134314 of July 22, 2013. Author F. Misyun

10. A tool for gripping, holding and dosing the movement of microparticles. Application for invention No. 20131344806 of 07.23.2013. The author Misyun F.A.

Claims (1)

A universal microsurgical instrument for the formation of microranes in the cornea of the eye of an experimental animal, consisting of a handle, a cone-shaped transition and the working part of the instrument, characterized in that the handle, cylindrical-shaped with notches and a cone-shaped narrowing at the end, goes into a cone-shaped transition, consisting of tubular-segmental links pressed into each other, and in the end link of the cone-shaped transition inserted interchangeable working part of the tool having a curved shape with a sharp-cutting sharp cm and a planar part of the tool which is fixed in a simple crimping terminal units conical transition.

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