RU2667953C2 - Glass fiber gypsum - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: building materials.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to building materials and can be used in the manufacture of relief ceilings, cornices, ventilation units, piers with large-format modularity, architectural elements. Glass fiber gypsum for use in construction includes gypsum, fiberglass and chemical additives in the form of a plasticizer and deactivator with the following ratio, mass %: gypsum G16 74–75, glass fibre 3.5–4.0, plasticizer 1.0–1.5, deactivator 0.1–0.2, water is the rest.EFFECT: technical result is an increase in the strength of articles made of glass fiber gypsum and an extension of the setting time along with reducing the weight of the products.1 cl, 2 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to building materials and can be used in the manufacture of embossed ceilings, cornices, ventilation blocks, piers with large-format modularity, architectural elements.

The present invention solves the problem of improving the quality of fiberglass products while reducing their weight.

The technical problem is to increase the strength of fiberglass products and lengthen the setting time of gypsum.

An analysis of the existing level of technology shows that the use of building materials using, for example, semi-aquatic gypsum with various additives for the manufacture of building products, is known (see Gypsum binders. A.V. Volzhensky, A.V. Ferenskaya. M .: Stroyizdat ., 1974; RF patents No. 2426702 of 08/20/2011; No. 2551179 of 02/14/2014). However, as follows from the texts, the setting time of the mixtures is not long, which makes it difficult to obtain homogeneous structural mixtures, and the samples made from the mixtures do not exceed 8 MPa when tested for bending strength and 20 MPa when compressed.

Fiber-concrete mixtures are also known (see RF patents No. 2101248 dated January 10, 1998; 2301207 dated June 20, 2007). However, a comparison of the inventive fiberglass with fiber-reinforced concrete mixtures shows that the strength of the concrete-based mixtures in bending and compression at the required loads is comparable to the declared fiberglass, while products based on fiberglass have less weight. Glass fiber gypsum allows you to make construction products, including large-format and complex architectural elements, thin-walled, 0.5-1.5 mm thick, and the presence in the fiberglass gypsum of a strength retarder (deactivator) allows you to extend the setting time of the mixture and thereby produce more high-quality products quality without internal voids per unit time, which leads to cheaper products, and does not require additional equipment, such as punches, and due to the presence of fiberglass products acquire increased strength. The claimed invention is implemented as follows. Make a building mixture of the following composition, wt. %:

The mixture is prepared as follows: in dry, for example G16 medical gypsum, add a dry deactivator, for example Plast Retard, and 65-72% of the calculated amount (27 l of water per 90 kg of gypsum). A plasticizer is introduced, for example, Reoplast MS, and mixed for 50-70 seconds at 1000-1500 rpm, the remaining water is added and mixed again for 30-50 s. The resulting suspension is fed into a mortar pump, which in turn feeds the suspension into a spray gun, simultaneously with fiberglass. In a shotcrete gun, fiberglass is cut into segments (fibers) of 6-30 mm in size and mixed with a suspension in a stream of air during spraying. The thus obtained composition of fiberglass gypsum is sprayed into the molds intended for the manufacture of samples for their bending and compression tests, and left until completely cured.

The test data are shown in table 1.

From table 1 it follows that the flexural strength of glass fiber gypsum is 12.82 MPa, and when compressed, 38.04 MPa.

The following is a specific example of a gypsum-based mixture. Example 1

A specimen was prepared for bending and compression tests that did not contain fibers and a deactivator in the following composition, wt. %:

The data are summarized in table 2.

The destruction of the sample during bending occurs at a pressure of 7.77 MPa. The compression of the sample occurs at a pressure of 9.33 MPa.

Thus, the presence in the composition of fiberglass gypsum 6-30 mm in size and Reoplast MS as a plasticizer, avoids the formation of cracks in finished products, which ensures the strength of fiberglass without the use of a reinforcing frame and provides fluidity - mobility when filling molds without air pores. Deactivator Plast Retard allows you to control the viscosity without early hardening. This makes it possible to mass-produce in production conditions completely identical products of any complex configuration, including thin-walled ones, without the use of additional equipment, for example, punches.

Claims (2)

Fiberglass for use in construction, including gypsum, fiberglass and chemical additives in the form of plasticizer and deactivator in the following ratio, wt. %: Gypsum G16 74-75 Fiberglass 3.5-4.0 Plasticizer 1.0-1.5 Deactivator 0.1-0.2 Water Rest