RU2667743C1 - Programmable irrigation system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of agriculture, namely to irrigation systems for irrigation procedures in both open and protected ground. Programmable irrigation system contains an automatic control unit and an execution unit. Control unit is designed as an electronic device with a programmable timer. Control unit is mounted in a box. Control unit has a power switch, a power supply connector, an execution unit connector, a humidity sensor switch and a humidity sensor connector. Execution unit is located on an irrigation water tank. Execution unit includes a pressure release valve, a water level sensor system, an electromagnetic water intake valve and a pump. Minimization of labor cost is ensured. Energy consumption and water consumption are reduced.

EFFECT: optimization of plant irrigation.

5 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The investigated technical solution relates to the field of agriculture, namely to irrigation systems for organizing irrigation when growing plants, both in open and closed ground, mainly in greenhouses, greenhouses and household plots.

The programmed irrigation system is designed to organize automatic watering of plants, planting in greenhouses or in the open ground according to a user-defined program. Any labor costs during irrigation of the land can be minimized if you install a special programmed irrigation system.

A stand-alone device for watering plants is known (Patent for utility model RU 85068, IPC A01G 25/00, published: 07/27/2009, bull. No. 21). The device relates to irrigation systems and is intended for organizing autonomous irrigation of crops and plants, both in greenhouses, greenhouses and household plots, and for watering indoor plants. Technical result: it is possible to use both when watering indoor plants, and when watering garden and garden plants in open and closed soils; provides greater stability and reliability of the automatic irrigation system; provides a long duration of work offline without human intervention; remote control of the device is provided. A stand-alone device for watering plants containing a receiving tank with a supplying liquid, a pump made with inlet and outlet pipes, the end of the inlet pipe is lowered into the tank, and the outlet pipe from the pump is connected to the soil with the function of watering plants, also containing a humidity sensor, photoelectric a sensor, a communication device, a controller, while the pump is configured to start from the controller, while the controller is configured to automatically control the process of watering plants for Anna program, characterized in that the pump, a photoelectric sensor, a communication device, the controller and the battery located in the same housing, wherein the communication unit is adapted to receive and transmit data in a radio or infrared. A disadvantage of the known device is the connection of the sensor to a solar battery located outside the device housing and supplying power to the battery during daylight hours, with prolonged cloudy weather it can lead to battery discharge; moreover, the device itself is not able to draw water into the tank, and its function is only in programming the discharge from the tank with the feed liquid already poured, it is also worth noting that any liquid pump creates pressure at the outlet, and not at the inlet (suction), which is why the pumps either submersible or their inlet pipe must first be filled, i.e. reliability may be low; failures may occur if any small amount of air enters the inlet pipe.

A device for watering plants is known (Patent for utility model RU 160044, IPC A01G 27/00, publ.: 02/27/2016, bull. No. 6). A device for watering plants refers to irrigation systems and is intended to organize automatic watering of plants. The device for watering plants contains a water tank 1, at the bottom of which a pump 2 is installed. The pump serves to supply water through a hose 3 with a suction elbow 4, a tap 5 and a tip 6 to the receiving nozzles 7. Pump 2 also serves to drain the water when reversing from hose 3 into a container 1 for water. Hydraulic channels 8 are connected to the receiving pipes 7 and distribution pipes 9 with droppers 10. Tubes-sensors 11 are located at the ends of the hydraulic channels 8 near the plants to be watered and are connected to the atmosphere. Driven by a software device 12, the actuator 13 is used to move the tip 6 from one receiving pipe 7 to another receiving pipe. The software device 12 also serves to automatically control the process of watering plants according to predetermined programs. The levels of the outlet openings 14 of the sensor tubes 11 from the soil surface are located above the levels of the hydraulic channels 8 and distribution pipelines 9, but are lower or equal to the level of the receiving pipes 7 with which they are connected. The technical result is to reduce the operating time of the pump. A significant drawback of this device is the lack of a tracking system for the maximum and minimum water levels in the tank, and the fact that there may be an excess of water in the receiving pipes, leading to leakage of water from the sensor tubes and, as a result, uncontrolled water losses; lack of synchronization of dialing and draining; it is not determined how water is collected in the tank; narrow selection of switchgear use; the inability to program the pump so that all water is completely drained by the auto-discharge; high energy intensity.

The closest in technical essence include the Watering System of plants (Patent for invention RU 2463777, IPC A01G 25/00, publ.: 20.10.2012, bull. No. 29). The invention relates to irrigation systems and is intended for the organization of automatic watering of agricultural and ornamental crops and plants in winter gardens, greenhouses, as well as for watering indoor plants. The system comprises a tank for irrigation liquid, a device for supplying irrigation liquid, a software device and a control unit. The inlet of the irrigation fluid device is connected to the reservoir for irrigation fluid. The output of the irrigation fluid device is connected to a distribution pipe for watering the plants. The software device is configured to automatically control the process of watering plants according to specified programs. The output of the control unit is connected to the irrigation fluid supply device. The corresponding inputs of the control unit are connected to a software device, with a manual watering switch and with a watering delay switch. The outputs of the irrigation delay switch are connected to the input of the software device and to the input of the irrigation parameter adjustment block. Another input of the irrigation parameter correction unit is connected to the corresponding output of the manual irrigation switch. The input-output of the irrigation parameter adjustment unit is connected to the input-output of the software device. This design will allow you to adjust the irrigation parameters over a wide range and will provide correction of the irrigation parameters. A disadvantage of the known device is the manual adjustment of the software device, as well as the low level of automation of the device and, as a consequence, the difficulty in operating the irrigation system as a whole, and the absence of blocking soil moisture sensors and rain sensors, in critical weather conditions, can lead to waterlogging of the soil or its drying out depending on weather conditions with untimely adjustment of the established program; lack of a programmable set of water and its synchronization with discharge.

The objective of the invention is to remedy these disadvantages and improve the operational characteristics of the plant irrigation system.

The technical problem, the solution of which the present technical solution is directed, is the creation of a programmed irrigation system for plants.

The programmed irrigation system of plants allows watering plants according to the established irrigation program according to 17 programs with the setting of two time values in each program: the time of water intake to the actuator and the time of water discharge to the irrigation pipes; equipped with a blocking soil moisture sensor to prevent waterlogging in the greenhouse, or a blocking rain sensor to prevent watering of plants in open ground in rainy weather, with adjustable sensitivity sensors to optimize watering; moreover, the irrigation system does not depend on the water pressure in the intake system and the irrigation will always be uniform, with a constant water pressure at the outlet of the actuator throughout the entire irrigation time, which eliminates the uneven distribution of water among switchgears (for example, pipes), as, for example, in the case of using natural discharge of water from containers, and the low constant pressure of water at the outlet of the irrigation pipes allows you to use pipes with holes or nozzles for irrigation without fear of washing plants of soil, or denudation of the root system of water jets; moreover, the system programmer has its own energy source (battery) that supports the program and system settings for a long time (more than 2 years) and therefore the system restores functions after a possible shutdown of water and electricity without resetting the irrigation mode. The proposed programmed irrigation system is applicable for the use of any distribution devices at its output, and low power consumption allows its use from autonomous power sources, for example, from solar panels.

The essence of the claimed technical solution is illustrated by graphic material, where in FIG. 1 shows a general view of a programmable irrigation system, FIG. 2 is a general view of the Actuator, in FIG. 3 - front display panel of the automatic control unit.

The programmed irrigation system consists of two units: Automatic control unit 1 and Executive device 2, powered by adapter 3.

The automatic control unit 1 is designed to automatically control the Executive device according to a given program and is an electronic device with a programmable timer 5, mounted in a box with 65 IP protection. The box is equipped with an on / off toggle switch, power switch 6, a power supply connector 7, a DUT connector on the BAU side 8, a soil moisture sensor (rain sensor) on / off switch 9, a soil humidity sensor sensitivity adjustment knob (rain sensor) 10, a connector connecting the soil moisture sensor (rain sensor) 11.

Actuator 2 is designed to set the required amount of water, naturally heat it to ambient temperature and drain the required amount of water through outlet 14 into any distribution devices - types of drainage systems (pipes, drip irrigation, gutter, etc.) and is an electronic device mounted on the tank, consisting of: a tank with a capacity of 200 liters with a relief valve for excessive internal pressure; sensor systems for monitoring the maximum 15 (upper level of filling the tank with water) and minimum 16 (complete draining of water) water levels; electromagnetic valve opening the intake of water 13; pumps 17.

The automatic control unit allows you to use any capacity while maintaining the performance characteristics of the actuator.

Actuator 2 operates in clean water. The water pressure at the outlet of the device of the water discharge system 14 is provided by its own pump 17 and does not depend on the pressure of the supplied water. The low water pressure at the outlet of the IU 2 allows you to use any known irrigation system. IU 2 allows you to connect pumps 17 of different capacities (from 0.6 to 5 m ³ / h as standard), and can be adapted for more efficient pumps. PS 2 irrigates with water at ambient temperature, which is the most favorable for the development of plants.

The executive device irrigates according to cyclic programs taking into account weather or soil moisture. Autonomous power supply of the programmer allows the device to return to its work in the event of a power outage and electricity when they are turned on again, while the BAU settings are saved, the system allows its use from autonomous power sources, for example, from solar panels

The programmed irrigation system operates as follows

PS 2 is installed on a permanent place on a horizontal platform with a size of at least 700 × 700 mm, which is selected by the Consumer. The system of drain pipes is connected to the output of the water drain system 14 of the actuator, which is independently selected by the Consumer. To the input of IU 2 through the electromagnetic valve to open the water intake 13 is connected to the water supply pipe (plumbing). Install BAU 1 in a place convenient for the Consumer. They are connected using the connecting cable of the ИУ and БАУ (the cable has different connectors at the ends, preventing incorrect connection). The BAU 2 switches are checked - they must be in the off state "0". Connect the 12V power adapter 3 to the BAU.

On the display of timer 5, the system is reset to zero by pressing the "C" button. Include BAU 2 by translating the power switch 6 to position "1". Water begins to accumulate in the PS 1 until it is filled and the sensor 15 is triggered, after which the PS 1 is turned off. To set the time for dialing and draining the water, the BAU 6 power toggle switch is turned off (translation to position “0”). Program the timer:

1. Set the current time and day of the week. To do this, hold on the timer 5 the button for setting the day and time 21, press the button "D" (day) to set the day of the week, button "N" to set the current hour, button "M" to set the current minute. The display shows the current time and day of the week.

2. Program the watering mode. For what, press and release the timer button "P" 26 once. The display shows “ON” and “1”. The “ON” mode corresponds to the discharge of water, the “OFF” mode corresponds to the water intake mode. Use the "H" and "M" buttons to set the watering time, use the "D" button to set the daily watering mode. The days of the week in which watering will be carried out are displayed on the screen of timer 28.

3. Program the water intake mode. Why press and release the timer button "P" 26 again once. The display shows “OFF” and “1”. The “ON” mode corresponds to the discharge of water, the “OFF” mode corresponds to the water intake mode. Use the “H” and “M” 21 buttons to set the time for water intake; the “D” button is not used, since the mode for program 1 is already set.

4. The programs 2-17 are programmed in the same way.

The power switch 6 is turned on by transferring to position “1”. The system is set to water on time.

The soil moisture sensor is connected to the sensor connector 11 on the BAU 1. To configure the soil moisture sensors 4, any capacity with soil is taken. The soil is poured with water and brought to such humidity that the consumer considers the minimum for the soil condition of the area to be watered (moisture above is not watered, humidity below it is watered). Sensor 4 is connected to BAU 1 using a connector. The plug of the sensor 4 is inserted into the ground to a full depth. The toggle switch of the soil moisture sensor 9 is translated into position "1". By rotating the sensitivity control of the humidity sensor 10, BAU 1 is turned off (lamp 22 goes out). Thus, the system is set to a given humidity and will only work if the soil moisture is lower than the set one. The plug of the sensor 4 is removed from the test tank with soil and stuck in the watered area in the most informative (from the point of view of the Consumer) place.

The rain sensor 4 is configured in the same sequence, only the sensor is placed in a horizontal position in the tank. Pour water into the tank, adjust the sensitivity of the sensor. After setting, place the sensor in a horizontal position in a container in the open. In case of rain, the sensor blocks the BAU, watering is not performed. Depending on the duration and intensity of the rain, a different amount will be collected in the tank. Until the water dries in the tank, the BAU will not work. This ensures a delay in watering after the end of the rain.

The tracking system for the maximum and minimum water levels consists of sensors for the upper 15 and lower 16 water levels, as well as an electronic system located in the BAU 1. The system, by means of an exchange of signals, controls the limits of filling and emptying the tank with water. After releasing the required amount of water, IU 2 closes the drain and enters standby mode. At the set time, the system includes a set of water 13. Water fills the tank to the required level. After a set of the required level, PS 2 closes the set of water and enters standby mode. Mode of operation of IP 1: standby - water collection - standby - water discharge - standby ...

Pump 17 with a power consumption of 20 W delivers water from the tank to the irrigation system (drain pipe system), moreover, the 200-liter tank is drained for 20 minutes, and its energy consumption is 7 watts / hour.

In the case when the humidity sensor 22 is activated at the set watering time, and in the case of watering in the open area - the rain sensor, the system blocks the watering.

Programmable timer 5 consists of a display and control buttons. The display shows information about the status of the timer (display of the set information, programming, data reset). The control buttons allow you to perform installation actions with the timer and its programming.

The adjustment of the programmable timer BAU is as follows

Make sure that timer 5 is in automatic mode 19 (AUTO is shown on the display). Transfer to AUTO mode is carried out by button 19. After that, it is necessary to set the real time by holding button 24 while pressing the button 21 N (setting hours) and 21 M (setting minutes) and also set the current day of the week by pressing button 24 while pressing button 21 D The display will show the current time and current day (top line 20).

Programming is carried out as follows:

"P" 26 - button to put the timer in programming mode. Each press of the button moves the timer sequentially from 1 program to 17. Each program allows you to set the values for the day of irrigation, as well as for the time of irrigation and the time of water intake in PS 2. The number of the called program is displayed on display 28, the setting of the drain time or time of water intake is displayed on the display 27 (ON corresponds to the mode for setting the drain time, OFF corresponds to the mode for setting the water recruitment time). The watering day (s) is set using the 21 D button, the watering time in the “ON” mode is set using the “H” and “M” buttons. The water set-up time is set in the “OFF” mode in the same way.

Each press of button 26 sequentially transfers the timer 5 programmer to subsequent programs, and the program number 28 will always be displayed. The use of several programs is necessary if it is necessary to produce several irrigations per day, or if it is necessary to irrigate at different times of the day during the week. In case watering is carried out at the same time and once a day, it is enough to install one program. The time setting for each mode and program is set using buttons 21 (D +; H +; M +). Reset the current setting with the button 23, reset all settings - 25.

A wide range of programs allows for irrigation cycles and implement from seventeen irrigations per day to one irrigation per week, as well as irrigation according to cyclic programs, taking into account weather or soil moisture.

The proposed programmed irrigation system will fully automate the irrigation process when growing plants, both in open and closed ground, mainly in greenhouses, greenhouses and home gardens, but also as a controller in professional irrigation systems in production, according to a user-defined program that allows according to the established irrigation program, carry out irrigation of plants according to 17 programs; with synchronization of water intake into the actuator; equipped with a blocking soil moisture sensor to prevent waterlogging of the soil when watering in a greenhouse, or a blocking rain sensor to prevent watering of plants in open ground in rainy weather, with the possibility of adjusting the sensitivity of sensors to optimize watering; moreover, the irrigation system does not depend on the water pressure in the intake system and the irrigation will be with the same water pressure; constant water pressure at the outlet of the actuator during the entire irrigation time, eliminates the uneven distribution of water among the distribution devices (for example, pipes) in the case of natural discharge of water from the tanks, and the low constant water pressure at the outlet of the irrigation pipes allows you to use pipes with holes or nozzles without fear of leaching plants from the ground, or exposing the roots to water jets; moreover, the programmer of the system has its own energy source (battery) and therefore the system restores functions after a possible shutdown of water and electricity without resetting the watering mode.

The proposed programmed irrigation system minimizes energy and labor costs, and also allows you to ideally establish and carry out high-quality and competent care of plants, avoid under-watering or waterlogging and thereby save water consumption.

The proposed programmed irrigation system has a wide range of use of distribution devices, low energy consumption, the system allows the use of autonomous power sources, for example, solar panels, for its use.

Claims (5)

1. A programmable irrigation system comprising an automatic control unit and an actuator, characterized in that the automatic control unit is an electronic device with a programmable timer mounted in a box with 65 IP protection, equipped with a power on / off switch, power supply connector, connector connecting the actuator from the side of the automatic control unit, toggle switch on / off the soil moisture sensor / rain sensor, knob sensitivity sensors of a soil moisture sensor / rain sensor, a connector for connecting a soil moisture sensor / rain sensor, and the actuator is an electronic device mounted on a tank of any volume for irrigation liquid - a tank with an overpressure relief valve, a system of sensors for monitoring the maximum and minimum levels water, the electromagnetic valve of opening of a water intake and a pump. 2. The programmed irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that it allows watering plants according to 17 programs with synchronization of water intake into the actuator. 3. The programmed irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a blocking soil moisture sensor / blocking rain sensor, with the ability to adjust the sensitivity of the sensors. 4. The programmed irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that the irrigation system is independent of the water pressure in the intake system. 5. The programmable irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that the automatic control unit and the actuator are powered from the adapter.

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