RU2666738C1 - Method of producing lump fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: technological processes.SUBSTANCE: invention discloses a method for producing lump fuel by mixing the starting components – carbonaceous material, granular filler and binder, molding the resulting mixture and drying, while the carbon-containing material is used as a precipitate of filter presses at the coal-dressing factory, obtained as a result of enrichment of coal of grades D, DG, G, with the initial granulometric composition 0–100 microns, as a binder – a mixture of flour and resin pyrolysis heavy in a ratio of 1:1, with the original components taken in the following amount, mass. %: sediment filter presses of the coal-dressing factory – 49.0–79.0, granular carbon filler – 19.0–49.0, binder – no more than 5.EFFECT: technical result consists in obtaining lump fuel, which has increased strength and heat of combustion.1 cl, 4 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of technology for the preparation and production of energy fuels from small carbon materials for domestic and industrial furnaces.

A known method of producing a fuel briquette, comprising mixing crushed solid fuels with a binder based on refinery waste - oil sludge and / or used engine oil, briquetting the mixture and subsequent drying of the briquette. Additionally, components selected from the group comprising,% by weight, based on the briquetted mixture are introduced into the binder: lignosulfonate or molasses - 2-7% and / or dehydrated activated sludge - 3-8% and / or clay - 3-10% and / or paraffin or paraffin wax - 1-6% in the following ratio of components in the briquette, wt. %: binder - 10-23, crushed solid fuels selected from the group: sawdust, peat, dehydrated bird droppings, dehydrated manure, coke or coal fines, coal sludge, lignin or mixtures thereof - up to 100.

Briquetting is carried out at a pressure of 1-30 MPa, drying the briquette at a temperature of less than 300 ° C. Before mixing, the components of the binder are heated to 60-80 ° C or mixed with heating to 60-80 ° C. Solid fuel is pre-mixed with half of the sludge or processed engine oil and then the remaining components of the binder are added (RU 2130047, publ. 1999).

However, the briquettes obtained using the described known method have insufficient strength due to the inclusion in the raw materials, for example, sawdust, manure, bird droppings, and the inclusion in the composition of the binder clay can adversely change the composition of the mineral part of the briquette.

There is also known a method for producing briquette fuel, comprising mixing carbon-containing raw materials with a binder - a low-temperature semi-coking resin obtained at temperatures up to 650 °, pressing the mixture and subsequent curing of the briquettes in an oxidizing atmosphere at 150-300 ° C. (RU 2375414, publ. 2009).

However, the briquettes obtained by the described method have insufficient strength.

The closest technical solution to the claimed method is a method for producing briquette fuel, which consists in co-grinding the carbon-containing material and mineral binder to a particle size of not more than 5 mm, adding to the resulting composition a water-repellent modifier and water, followed by mixing with the addition of a strengthening modifier.

The resulting mass is pressed into briquettes under a pressure of 20-200 MPa and the resulting briquettes are dried at 100-250 ° C.

The components used are carbon-containing material, medium-temperature brown coal, coke of initial particle size distribution, mineral binder - siltstone, reinforcing modifier - 3% aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) or aqueous solution of 10% flour paste, water-repellent modifier - fuel oil brand M100, water, with the following content of components, wt. %: mineral binder 1-10; hardening modifier 1-30; hydrophobizing modifier 1-10; water 1-30; carbon-containing material - the rest. (RU 2473672, publ. 2013).

Briquettes obtained by the described method have insufficient strength.

The technical task of the present invention is to obtain lump fuel with increased strength, providing the possibility of multiple loading and unloading operations, and a heat of combustion comparable to ordinary coal of the same brand as the feedstock, based on the low-calorific by-product of coal enrichment - sediment filter presses .

The specified technical problem is solved by the described method for producing lump fuel, which consists in mixing the starting components of a carbon-containing material and a granular filler with a binder, molding the resulting mixture and drying, while the carbon-containing material is used as a precipitate of filter presses of coal processing plants, as a granular filler - screening ordinary coal or coal concentrate, or carbonizate of brown or bituminous coal with a particle size of 0-15 mm, and preferably as a binder The user organic substances, in particular, different flour types and brands, CMC, bitumen, resins, and others. and mixtures thereof, wherein the starting components are taken in the following quantities, by weight. %:

sediment of filter presses of coal preparation plants - 49.0-79.0

granular filler - 19.0-49.0

binder - no more than 5.

Organic substances, in particular, flour of various types and grades, CMC, bitumen, resins, etc., and mixtures thereof, are preferably used as a binder.

The essence of the claimed method is as follows.

To obtain a piece (briquette), the precipitate of filter presses from the processing plant obtained as a result of the enrichment of coal grades D, DG, G with an initial particle size distribution of 0-100 μm and a heat of combustion of 2000-3500 kcal / kg is used as the main carbon-containing material.

As a granular filler, screening or a concentrate of the same coal or brown or hard coal carbonate with a grain size of not more than 15 mm with a calorific value of not less than 4000 kcal / kg in an amount of 19.0-49.0% of the mass are used.

As a binder, an organic binder is used, for example, flour of various types and grades, CMC, bitumen, tar, etc., and mixtures thereof in an amount of not more than 5% of the mass.

Sediment of filter presses, granular filler and binder are successively added to the batch planetary mixer. When each of the listed components is added, the mixture is brought to a homogeneous state. Upon receipt of a homogeneous composition, the mixture is discharged from the mixer and fed to an extruder or roller press. The formed piece is subjected to thermal drying in an oven at a temperature of at least 105 ° C to a moisture content (W _t ^r ) of not more than 5%. The dried piece is cooled at ambient temperature.

The technical result obtained is to obtain lump fuel for domestic and industrial furnaces, which has increased strength and heat of combustion.

The invention is illustrated by the following examples.

Example 1

For the manufacture of lump fuel, the following components are used: 69.0% of the mass, sediment of filter presses with a calorific value of 3450 kcal / kg, an ash content of 30.5% and a humidity of 25%, 29.0% of the mass. screening coal grade D concentrate with a grain size of not more than 10 mm, 1.0% of the mass. flour (wheat 1, 2 s., rye, barley) and 1.0% of the mass. heavy pyrolysis resin as a binder.

Lump fuel is prepared as follows. Sediment of filter presses, coal concentrate, flour and resin are successively added to the batch planetary mixer. When each of the listed components is added, the mixture is brought to a homogeneous state. Upon receipt of the resulting homogeneous composition, it is discharged from the mixer and fed into an extruder with a screw diameter of 140 mm, an exit cross section of a die of 9.42 cm ² and a maximum electric drive power of 7.5 kW. The formed piece is subjected to thermal drying in an oven at a temperature of 150 ° C until moisture (W _t ^r ) is not more than 5%. The dried piece is cooled at ambient temperature.

The resulting lump fuel has a characteristic size of 50 mm, drop strength according to GOST 21289 97%, abrasion resistance in the drum according to GOST 21289 78%, moisture 5%, ash content 28.1%, yield of volatile dry ashless mass 46%, calorific value 4400 kcal / kg.

Example 2

For the manufacture of lump fuel, the following components are used: 49.0% of the mass. sediment filter presses with a calorific value of 2300 kcal / kg, ash content of 31% and humidity of 35%, 49.0% wt. screening of ordinary coal grade DG with a particle size of not more than 3 mm, 2.0% wt. flour (wheat 1, 2 s., rye, barley) and 2.0% wt. heavy pyrolysis resin as a binder.

Lump fuel is prepared as follows. Sediment of filter presses, screening of coal, flour and resin are successively added to the planetary batch mixer. When adding each of the listed components, except the first, the mixture is brought to a homogeneous state. Upon receipt of the resulting homogeneous composition, it is discharged from the mixer and fed to the A-RP-LT roller briquetting press. Briquettes are subjected to thermal drying in an oven at a temperature of 150 ° C to a moisture content (W _t ^r ) of not more than 5%. The dried briquette is cooled at ambient temperature.

The resulting briquette has a characteristic size of 35-40 mm, dropping strength according to GOST 21289 98.5%, abrasion resistance in the drum according to GOST 21289 95.4%, moisture 5%, ash content 33.40%, volatile yield on dry ashless mass 38.90%, calorific value 4580 kcal / kg.

Example 3

For the manufacture of lump fuel, the following components are used: 79.0% wt. sediment filter presses with a calorific value of 2100 kcal / kg, ash content 49% and humidity 35%, 19.0% wt. trifles of coke MK-1 with a particle size of not more than 3 mm, 1.0% wt. flour (wheat 1, 2 s., rye, barley) and 1.0% wt. heavy pyrolysis resin as a binder.

Lump fuel is prepared as follows. Sediment of filter presses, MK-1, flour and resin are successively added to the planetary batch mixer. When adding each of the listed components, except the first, the mixture is brought to a homogeneous state. Upon receipt of the resulting homogeneous composition, it is discharged from the mixer and fed to the A-RP-LT roller briquetting press. Briquettes are subjected to thermal drying in an oven at a temperature of 150 ° C to a moisture content (W _t ^r ) of not more than 5%. The dried briquette is cooled at ambient temperature.

The resulting briquette has a characteristic size of 35-40 mm, drop strength according to GOST 21289 95.7%, abrasion resistance in a drum according to GOST 21289 89.3%, moisture 5%, ash content 42.1%, volatile yield on dry ashless mass 40.30%, calorific value 4420 kcal / kg.

Example 4

For the manufacture of lump fuel, the following components are used: 72.5% wt. sediment filter presses with a calorific value of 2700 kcal / kg, ash content of 47% and humidity 25%, 22.5% wt. grade G coal carbonizate with a grain size of not more than 15 mm, 2.5% wt. flour (wheat 1, 2 s., rye, barley) and 2.5% wt. heavy pyrolysis resin as a binder.

Lump fuel is prepared as follows. Sediment of filter presses, coal carbonate, flour and resin are successively added to a batch planetary mixer. When each of the listed components is added, the mixture is brought to a homogeneous state. Upon receipt of the resulting homogeneous composition, it is discharged from the mixer and fed into an extruder with a screw diameter of 140 mm, an exit cross section of a die of 9.42 cm ² and a maximum electric drive power of 7.5 kW. The formed piece is subjected to thermal drying in an oven at a temperature of 150 ° C until moisture (W _t ^r ) is not more than 5%. The dried piece is cooled at ambient temperature.

The resulting lump fuel has a characteristic size of 50 mm, dropping strength according to GOST 21289 96.8%, abrasion resistance in the drum according to GOST 21289 83.5%, moisture 5%, ash content 39.8%, volatile yield on dry ashless mass 39 , 5%, calorific value 4660 kcal / kg.

Thus, the method according to the invention allows to obtain lump fuel for domestic and industrial furnaces, with strength and heat of combustion comparable with ordinary coal of the same brand as the initial sediment of filter presses.

Claims (3)

1. A method of producing lump fuel by mixing the starting components — a carbon-containing material, a granular filler and a binder, molding the resulting mixture and drying, characterized in that as the carbon-containing material a precipitate of filter presses from a coal preparation plant is used, obtained by enriching coal grades D, DG , G, with an initial particle size distribution of 0-100 μm, as a binder - a mixture of flour and heavy pyrolysis resin in a ratio of 1: 1, while the starting components are taken in the following amount Island, Mass. %: sludge filter presses of a coal preparation plant 49.0-79.0 granular filler 19.0-49.0 binder no more than 5 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that as a granular filler use screening of raw coal or coal concentrate or carbonizate of brown or bituminous coal with a particle size of 0-15 mm