RU2664424C1 - Means of improving performance of athletes - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: pharmaceuticals.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to sports pharmaceuticals, physiology of sports, namely to drink to improve the performance of athletes. Remedy for athletes in form of a drink containing water extract of the leaves of Jinura Procumbens, steviol, fruit juice concentrate, malic acid, sweetener, potassium sorbate and water, with a certain ratio of ingredients.EFFECT: drink described above effectively improves performance of athletes, improves psychophysical state, effectively reduces formation of lactate in training process of athletes, effectively reduces subjectively perceived fatigue, tenderness of muscles and reduces the overall loss of fluid during training.4 cl, 3 tbl, 4 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of sports pharmaceutics, in particular to a tool that is a drink based on plant materials, which increases the performance of athletes. As a component from plant materials, the proposed tool contains an aqueous extract of the leaves of Gynura Procumbens (Jinura Prokumbens). The proposed drink can be used to prepare athletes to perform significant physical exertion.

A sports drink that improves performance is specially designed to reduce lactate formation, reduce subjectively perceived fatigue, reduce muscle soreness, both actual muscle damage and subjectively perceived soreness and reduce the total fluid loss observed during training, to improve the psychophysical state of athletes.

The proposed drink is characterized by a high content of biologically active substances, thereby solving the problem of nutritional support of the body of athletes at a particular stage of preparation in order to prevent the development of pathological conditions, maintain professional performance, achieve high sports results.

BACKGROUND

Genetically gifted athletes must exercise optimally in order to increase physical strength, psychological readiness and gain a technical advantage in a particular sport. In this connection, many of them use various nutrition strategies, carry out measures to improve the organization and increase the efficiency of the training process [1].

A special place in achieving the desired results is given to the use by athletes of various nutritional supplements (sports supplements - DM), specialized athlete food products (SPPS) with a given nutritional and energy value, presented in such an assortment that allows you to calculate the optimal combination of nutrients that meets the requirements of the corresponding stage TSC [2, 3].

To date, there are ways to correct the morphological or functional state of athletes, including at the stages of the TSC using various nutrition strategies, diabetes and HPS, which are mainly aimed at increasing muscle performance, accelerating the restoration of the energy potential of protein cells; are used in pre-competitive or post-competitive periods of their preparation [4, 5, 6, 7].

Pharmacological correction of sports activity is carried out in the post- or pre-competition period and is part of the training process [8, 9].

In addition to special correction tools for certain types of sports activities (anabolics for weightlifters, beta-blockers for shooters), almost all athletes of all types of activity need to increase their overall performance and relieve fatigue [10].

For this purpose, vitamins, amino acids, and herbal preparations are used in sports medicine [9, 11, 12].

Among herbal preparations, eleutherococcus extract is most often prescribed [11, 13].

There is a method of increasing the health of athletes (hand ball) by introducing 4 ml of alcohol extract of Eleutherococcus 45 minutes before training for 15-20 days [14]. The disadvantage of this tool and method is poor efficiency, the undesirability of taking alcoholic forms of the drug in a professional setting.

Known "functional food product with ergogenic properties" [15]. The invention is intended to power athletes specializing in power and speed-power sports. Functional food product containing plant phospholipids, flavoring additives, ascorbic acid and citric acid with ergogenic properties, additionally contains powder from husked red rice. The purpose of the method of application of this product is to increase the energy supply of muscle activity at the stage of basic training and restore performance between physical activity. Designed for use as additional nutrition for athletes. This method has disadvantages: its effect is monofunctional, the purpose of which is to correct one parameter - to increase the athletes' muscular performance through replenishment and (or) maintenance, with increased physical exertion, of the muscle energy requirement; it is intended to be used only at the stage of basic training; the use of the product in the method does not take into account the tasks of nutritional support of the body of athletes at the above preparation stage; the composition of the product adopted in the method is formed mainly due to synthetic components (including flavoring additives), which are always simple chemicals; in the product formulation there is no mineral complex and practically no vitamins that significantly affect the metabolic processes of the body, which also significantly reduces its functionality;

The well-known "Method of using biologically active food additives in the diet of athletes" [16]. In the process of peak loads, a drug containing adaptogens, detoxicant, multivitamins, micro and macro elements is introduced into the diet of athletes in the amount of 4-5 mg per 1 kg of athlete’s mass. Jerusalem artichoke syrup is used as an adaptogen. As detoxicants, saccharomycete yeast shells having an electrokinetic potential of 15 to 75 mV are used. And as a source of multivitamins, as well as micro and macro elements, vegetables and fruits are used in powder form. This allows you to get a biologically active supplement that has the ability to overcome the state of immunodeficiency in athletes during peak loads on his body due to the optimally selected ratio of components and their properties, as well as expand the range of such biologically active additives.

This method has the following disadvantages: firstly, it is monofunctional in its effect, the purpose of which is to correct only one parameter - the state of immunodeficiency in athletes; secondly, the method involves the use of supplements as additional nutrition for athletes and only for a limited period of the training process (during peak loads) without taking into account the tasks of nutritional support of the body; thirdly, the vitamin-mineral complex based on vegetables and fruits is also formed arbitrarily, without taking into account the needs of the body of athletes in them, does not affect the blood lactate content.

It is known that vitamins and minerals (balanced vitamin-mineral complexes) are necessary for the normal functioning of the body and all its systems.

The theoretical basis for the need to compensate for the vitamin-mineral deficiency of the body was the message of the leading vitaminologist of Russia V. B. Spirichev. that the lack of vitamins upsets the metabolism. The specific function of most vitamins is that they, in the form of coenzymes or prosthetic groups formed from them in the body, are part of the active centers of coenzyme proteins and thus take part in the mechanisms of enzymatic catalysis of various metabolic reactions that underlie all vital processes and body functions [17].

This circumstance is crucial for maintaining homeostasis and regulating metabolism, since biosynthesis of the protein part of the enzyme and its functioning as a whole are the main points of application of diverse regulatory mechanisms that ensure the integration of metabolism and its adaptation to changing internal needs and external conditions [18]. In addition, the role of most vitamins in certain biochemical processes of the body has been established.

Minerals in the body can act as activators or inhibitors of various enzymes. A state of deficiency, excess or imbalance of mineral substances in the body leads to microelementoses that affect human health, including athletes [19, 20].

To compensate for the vitamin-mineral deficiency of the body, synthetic vitamin-mineral complexes are currently used. At the same time, they are inferior to natural ones, since a synthetic product is always a simple chemical substance, and a natural product is a complex mixture of bound substances. Synthetic vitamins can cause toxic reactions, while natural vitamins, even at sufficiently large dosages, do not. Although synthetic vitamins and minerals have given satisfactory results, the benefits of natural vitamins are greater at many levels. The chemical analysis of both varieties may seem the same, but this is not all that is found in natural vitamins and is associated with these substances in nature. Synthetic Vitamin C is only ascorbic acid and nothing more. While natural vitamin C from rose hips still contains bioflavonoids, a whole complex of vitamin C, which makes it much more effective. Natural vitamin E may include all tocopherols, and not just alpha tocopherol, and therefore is more effective than its synthetic counterpart [21].

Thus, it was useful to develop a sports drink that contains a rich set of minerals and vitamins of natural origin, which have beneficial effects on the processes in the body, effectively improve muscle performance at the training stage, reduce the formation of lactate, reduce subjectively perceived fatigue, and reduce muscle soreness.

The authors of the present invention have developed a new tool in the form of a drink to increase the performance of athletes, based on an aqueous extract of leaves Gynura Procumbens (Gynura Procumbens).

Gynura Procumbens from the family of asters was born many centuries ago on the African continent, then the plant successfully migrated to Asia, where it was appreciated by the healers of China and Southeast Asia. It was used simply as food and at the same time as a cure for disease. In Southeast Asia, Jinura (Ginura) is part of a balanced diet and a healthy lifestyle. Phytochemical studies confirm that extract from ginura leaves is an excellent natural source of vitamins and minerals, as well as many potent biologically active components, including flavonoids, carotenoids, alkaloids, and essential oils.

An active effect on metabolic processes puts Ginuru in a number of other medicinal plants, which are actively used as primary protection for cancer patients before chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The results of clinical studies confirm the therapeutic effect of ginura in diabetes, kidney disease, gastroenterological and cardiovascular diseases. The plant has pronounced antioxidant properties, inhibits the growth of cancer cells in the body, has an anti-inflammatory effect and helps to increase reproductive function [22].

From the document [23], tea based on jinura procumbens made from plant materials with a leaf content of gynura procumbens of 50-60% is known. Tea calms the nervous system, has a hypoglycemic effect, lowers blood pressure, protects the liver and replenishes the body with trace elements.

The prior art does not know the use of an aqueous extract of Ginura Prokumbens leaves to create a drink to effectively increase the performance of athletes, reduce blood lactate.

A means is known from the prior art for improving athletic performance in athletes, based on plant materials, containing dry extracts of Eleutherococcus, licorice root, rosehip, as well as estifan, silymar, propolis tincture, natural honey, as well as a method for increasing athletic performance by taking this drug orally in the pre-competitive and competitive periods for 7-10 days, 1 teaspoon diluted with 0.5 cups of water, 2-3 times a day, only 150-200 g per course, and spend 2-3 courses with an interval of 7-10 days th [24]. This document is selected as a prototype.

The disadvantage of the above remedy is that it does not contain a rich set of minerals and vitamins, it does not improve muscle performance at the training stage, there is no data on a decrease in the formation of lactate, after training, minor muscle fatigue and soreness remain.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

A tool for improving athletic performance is proposed.

The tool as one of the active components contains an aqueous extract of Jinura Prokumbens leaves, obtained by the method developed by the authors of the present invention and disclosed in the document (RU 2614392 C1, 03/27/2017). An aqueous extract of the leaves of Ginura Prokumbens was obtained by treating the leaves with water heated to 100 ° C at a ratio of raw materials: water of 1:40 and boiling for 5-10 minutes.

The product also contains stevioside, fruit juice concentrates commonly used in the food industry, malic acid as an acidity regulator, which provides pH = 4.8, a sweetener, potassium sorbate as a preservative and water.

Steviol is a natural sweetener and also has antiandrogenic activity.

Fruit juice concentrates can be selected from pomegranate juice concentrate, blackcurrant juice concentrate, etc., or mixtures thereof.

Sweeteners can be selected from sucrose, fructose, honey, etc. and not limited to this.

The proposed athletic performance enhancing agent includes an aqueous leaf extract of Gynura Procumbens, steviol, a fruit juice concentrate, malic acid, a sweetener, potassium sorbate and water, in the following ratio of ingredients:

water extract of Jinura Prokumbens leaf 2-6 g steviol 0.05-0.1 g fruit juice concentrate 25-50 g Apple acid 0.5-1.0 g sweetener 0.05-0.085 g potassium sorbate 0.25-0.4 g water up to 1 liter

It is recommended to drink a sports drink 200 ml 2 times a day 1 hour before a meal or 2 hours after a meal, but is not limited to this regimen.

The technical result achieved when using the proposed means in the form of a drink is to increase the working capacity of athletes, improve the psychophysical state, effectively reduce the formation of lactate during training of athletes, effectively reduce subjectively perceived fatigue, reduce muscle soreness and reduce the overall fluid loss observed during training.

The essential features of the proposed solution, affecting the achievement of the specified technical result, are the qualitative and quantitative composition of the product, which allows for the effective increase of working capacity in athletes.

The indicated increased athletic performance is characterized by a reduced perception of fatigue, an improvement in the psychophysical state, decreased lactic acid formation, decreased muscle soreness, reduced muscle damage and reduced overall fluid loss, or combinations thereof.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

It has been found that blood glucose and blood lactate levels can be reduced if athletes drink the proposed drink containing an aqueous extract of Ginura Prokumbens leaf. It was unexpectedly found that the drinks of the proposed composition containing an aqueous extract of the leaves of Ginura Prokumbens also tend to decrease oxygen consumption, measured as liters of inhaled air per minute. These results indicate that the composition of the biologically active substances of the aqueous extract of the leaves of Ginura Prokumbens can change the metabolism of the substrate in healthy adults and can increase the athletic performance of athletes during endurance training by providing rapidly metabolized “fuel”, reducing overall fluid loss, and reducing lactate accumulation. in the blood and reducing the minute volume of breathing.

“Increased athletic performance” refers to improving athletic performance when using the sports drink presented in this document for people who have consumed a drink of a similar composition but without an aqueous extract of the leaves of Ginura Prokumbens water (control drink 1) or water (control drink 2).

“Athletic performance” refers to both endurance training and non-endurance training. Endurance training includes aerobic exercise for extended periods of time (e.g., longer than 30 minutes), while non-endurance training includes aerobic exercise for a shorter period of time (e.g., less than 30 minutes).

In one embodiment, increased performance may be characterized by a reduced perception of physical fatigue (individual perception of load), subjectively characterized by the Borg individual perception of physical load scale. In some embodiments, the use of a sports drink leads to an individual perception of physical activity, reduced by approximately 1-5% on the Borg scale compared with individual perception when using a control drink 1 or 2.

In another embodiment, increased performance may be characterized by decreased muscle soreness, which is felt subjectively. In some embodiments, the use of a sports drink results in a reduced sensation of muscle soreness compared to a feeling of muscle soreness when using a control drink 1 or 2.

In yet another embodiment, increased performance may be characterized by reduced fluid loss. In some embodiments, the exercise of a sports drink results in a volume of fluid loss that is reduced by at least about 5%, at least about 10%, or at least about 20% compared to the volume of fluid loss when using control drink 1 or 2.

In yet another embodiment, increased performance may be characterized by reduced formation of lactic acid. In some embodiments, the use of a sports drink results in a decrease in the formation of lactic acid by at least about 5%, at least about 10%, or at least about 15% compared with the formation of lactic acid when a control drink 1 or 2 is consumed.

In other embodiments, increased athletic performance may be characterized by performing a training for a longer period of time, performing a training with a higher intensity, performing a training with high power, performing a specific training task in less time, increased working capacity for training for a given time, and the like.

In other embodiments, increased performance may be characterized by one or more of the foregoing.

The aqueous extract of Gynura Procumbens leaves is obtained according to the known technology disclosed in patent RU 2614392 C1, 03/27/2017 as follows:

Shredded dry leaves of Gynura Procumbens (a bag containing 1.5 g of leaves), produced in the form of a herbal cosmetic mask manufactured by Via Vitae Estate, Cyprus, are filled with 60 ml of hot water, at a water temperature of 100 ° C, boil for 5-10 minutes, filter the aqueous extract. This method leads to the activation of biologically active substances in this plant, and is accompanied by an intensive exit from the Gynura Procumbens cells of essential oils, fatty acids and other biologically active compounds.

The concentrated fruit juices used in quality comply with GOST 32920-2014. These products have high nutritional and physiological value, contain a large number of vitamins, minerals and tannins, as well as natural coloring and aromatic substances.

Steviol corresponds to GOST R 53904-2010, potassium sorbate (E202) GOST R 55583-2013, malic acid (E296)

GOST 32748-2014, fructose GOST / TU: TU 9111-101-54904577, sucrose GOST 5833-75 or natural honey GOST R 54644-2011 was used as a sweetener.

To obtain the proposed drink, the aqueous extract of the leaves of Ginura Prokumbens is mixed with steviol, fruit juice concentrate, malic acid, sweetener, potassium sorbate and water, with stirring, in predetermined quantities.

Examples of the composition of a sports drink:

Test drink A. Test drink A contains an aqueous extract of Jinura Prokumbens leaf extract in an amount of 5 g, steviol 0.1 g, concentrate of blackcurrant fruit juice 27 g, malic acid 0.6 g, sucrose 0.075 g, potassium sorbate 0.3 g, water up to 1 liter

Test drink B. Test drink contains water extract of Jinura Prokumbens leaf in an amount of 0.5 g, steviol 0.075 g, pomegranate juice concentrate 47 g, malic acid 0.9 g, fructose 0.085 g, potassium sorbate 0.4 g, water up to 1 l

Control drink 1. The drink contains steviol 0.1 g, a concentrate of blackcurrant fruit juice 50 g, malic acid 1 g, honey 20 g, potassium sorbate 0.25 g, water up to 1 l.

Control drink 2. The drink contains water.

Example 1. The study of the impact of the proposed tool - drink A or B on the functional state of athletes of athletic sports.

The tests were attended by 40 male athletes involved in athletic sports aged 20-26 years. Sports specialization - athletics, swimming, judo. Experience in sports from 10 to 17 years. Sports qualification KMS-ZMS.

During the test period, the athletes were busy with intensive pre-competitive general physical and special training. The research scheme included an initial examination of the subjects, then a course of taking the proposed drug in the form of a drink and then a secondary examination.

The proposed drink was prescribed in an amount of 200 ml 2 times a day one hour before a meal or 2 hours after a meal. Duration of administration is 2-3 weeks. Repetition of the course after 2 weeks.

Examination of athletes included a therapeutic examination, a review of medical history, assessment of well-being, overall and athletic performance, adverse effects, as well as indicators of the psychophysical state using a special technique on a microcomputer [Morozov I.S. Zhirnov E.N. and others. Comprehensive computer technique for assessing the psychophysiological state and operator performance. In the book: The functional state of a person and methods of his research. M.: Science 1992, p. 3-8].

This technique allows you to catch subtle shifts in the functional state of the body, developing due to the accumulation of physical and neuropsychic fatigue, including during intense training [I. Morozov. Zhirnov E.I. et al. Methods of studying the influence of drugs on the psychophysical state and quality of operator activity. Exp. and wedge pharmacology. 1992, N 5, p. 68-70]. The data obtained were processed using variational analysis procedures.

It was determined that the proposed tool has a positive effect on the psychophysiological state of the subjects. Moreover, this remedy clearly reveals a more pronounced protective effect in relation to the negative impact on the indicators of the psychophysiological state of subjects of general fatigue, i.e. it is about increasing the working capacity of subjects.

The course introduction of the proposed remedy normalizes hemodynamic parameters and increases physical endurance (maximum compression force of the hand).

Subjectively, all subjects positively characterized the effect of the drug, noting vigor, "surge of strength", and good sleep against the background of its intake. According to the reviews of athletes, the drug is well tolerated, does not cause side effects.

Thus, this series of studies has shown the following:

1. The proposed tool and method effectively increase the efficiency of the recovery processes, in conditions of intense submaximal training loads in athletes.

2. The proposed tool and method increase both physical and mental performance, increase physical endurance, normalize hemodynamic changes.

3. The product is well tolerated, does not cause side effects, improves mood, gives a sense of vitality and "surge of strength."

Example 2. The study of the impact of the proposed tool (drink A or B) on the functional state of the body and the professional performance of athletes-shooters.

The tests were carried out during the pre-competitive training camps and competitions, against the background of intensive training activities. In total, 32 athletes aged 18-30 years participated in the tests. Sports specialization of athletes included all Olympic exercises in bullet shooting. Sports qualifications: from master of sports to master of sports of international class. The test scheme included an initial examination of the contingent, then taking the drug according to the proposed method against the background of training and competitive activity and a secondary examination. The course of use of the drug was repeated 3 times. The drug was prescribed in an amount of 200 ml 2 times a day one hour before meals or 2 hours after meals for 14 days.

In some cases, after the end of taking the drug, medical and sports monitoring of the condition and performance of the athletes continued.

The examination included a general therapeutic examination, collection of brief anamnestic data, clarification of the nature of sports loads over the past 3 months. After taking the drug, information was collected on changes in health, general and athletic performance, including the nature of the reproduction of shooting equipment. Undesirable effects were found out, and also used ones evaluated the drug. In addition, before and after the administration of the drug according to the proposed method, an experimental and questionnaire examination of the psychophysiological state of the subjects was carried out using standard methods [N. Peysakhov. et al. Methods and regulatory equipment for the study of individual psychological differences in humans. Edition of Kazan University. 1976, p. 238.], hemodynamic parameters changed, dynamometric tests were performed.

Studies have shown that athletes who take the proposed drink, there is a tendency to improve health, activity and mood according to the SAN test after taking the drug in relation to the initial indicator. Improvement is also noted in the comprehensive indicator of the Fiedler scale (well-being, performance, success of activities). The predominant type of individual changes in this case is the improvement in indicators after taking the drug compared to the original.

Athletes who did not take any medications unambiguously, in all respects, characterize their condition after the competition as deteriorating compared to baseline levels.

Moreover, when preparing similar compositions, but with different quantitative contents of the ingredients, in particular the aqueous extract of the leaves of Ginura Prokumbens in the product, the effect of using the drink was lower.

Also, studies have shown that the proposed tool not only prevents the development of neuropsychic fatigue, but according to most indicators improves the psychophysiological state of athletes. Without taking any medications, athletes develop severe neuropsychic fatigue during pre-competitive training and competitions.

All subjects noted a feeling of vigor when taking the drug, a decrease in the need for a day's rest. After taking the proposed drug, its positive effect was observed for another 4-7 days. No side effects were noted.

All this allows us to recommend the proposed tool and method for widespread use in sports medicine.

Example 3. A comparative study of performance during training in trained male athletes

In this example, trained male athletes aged 18–40 years who participated in regular cycling trips (defined as ≥60 minutes of cycling 4-5 days a week or 100 miles a week) were involved.

Endurance test on a bicycle ergometer. Subjects underwent a 60-minute endurance cycling procedure using a bicycle ergometer (Lode Corival V3; Groningen, Netherlands). The procedure lasting 60 minutes was divided into 4 sections lasting 15 minutes. In the first 45 minutes of this session (segments 1-3 endurance training) were submaximal and were performed at a load of 65%, which is correlated with VO2MAX of each subject. The final 15 minutes (stretch 4 endurance training) simulated a “time trial”, with subjects instructed to do as much work as possible, simulating the end of the race. The subjects were instructed to increase as much as possible manually the resistance while riding during this final segment, but at the same time complete the whole procedure. During each of the first three segments, subjects consumed a portion of their assigned test drink equivalent to 3 ml / kg body weight. Subjects were instructed to consume each portion at their own pace, with the proviso that each portion should be consumed prior to the start of gas exchange measurements, which were carried out over the last five minutes of each segment. Before starting the endurance test and for the final five minutes of each segment, a blood sample was taken, heart rate, blood pressure, electrocardiogram (ECG) for safety purposes and the result of individual load perception (RPE) were evaluated. In addition, during the five final minutes of sections 1-3 and continuously during section 4 of the endurance training session, the inhaled and exhaled air was measured at the installation for measuring metabolism until the training was completed.

Collection and analysis of blood samples. Blood samples were taken at different points in time using a permanent venous cutter inserted into the lateral saphenous vein of the patient’s arm and maintained with isotonic saline open by periodic washes. The sample was taken before breakfast and the test drink, after a rest period after breakfast, before the endurance test on the bicycle ergometer and at the end of each of the four segments of the endurance test on the bicycle ergometer. Each sample was analyzed for glucose, lactate, free fatty acids, electrolytes (sodium, potassium and chloride), bicarbonate, osmolality and pH. Plasma glucose was determined by photometry using an Olympus analyzer (Beckman Coulter, Bray, California) and Roche hexokinase reagent. Plasma lactate levels were determined by photometry using an Olympus analyzer and Roche reagent. The level of free fatty acids in blood serum was determined using photometry using a Daytona analyzer (Randox Laboratories, Kirnisville, West Virginia) and Wako reagent. Serum electrolytes were determined using an ion selective electrode (Abbott Point of Care, Princeton, NJ). Serum bicarbonate levels were determined by photometry using an Olympus analyzer and Roche CO2-L reagent. Serum osmolality was measured using an Advanced Instruments osmometer (Norwood, Mass.) Using freezing point determination. Whole blood pH was determined using the i-STAT® System (Abbott Point of Care, Princeton, NJ).

Collection and analysis of urine samples. All urine excreted was collected before the first drink. Urine samples were also collected after completion of the endurance test on a bicycle ergometer. Any additional diuresis between the time points of the collection was combined and added to the samples collected at a subsequent time point. Fluid retention was calculated based on changes in body weight, fluid intake, and total urine excreted.

Hemodynamic measurements. Blood pressure and heart rate were measured at various points in time. The measurements were carried out before breakfast and the test drink, after the rest period following breakfast, before the endurance test on the bicycle ergometer and at the end of each of the four segments of the endurance test on the bicycle ergometer. Blood pressure was determined using a manual sphygmomanometer, and heart rate was determined by manually measuring the pulse.

Profiles. A questionnaire of palatability was issued twice: after drinking the first portion of the drink before breakfast and at the end of the endurance test. A gastrointestinal tolerance questionnaire was also completed at the end of the study visit to assess the presence and severity of selected gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, including bloating / flatulence, nausea, gas in the intestines, diarrhea / loose stools, constipation and cramping. Test drink A and test drink B had indicators similar to the control drink.

results

As the results in table 1 showed, in subjects who consumed test drink A or test drink B, lower blood lactate levels were observed compared to test subjects who consumed control drink 1 or 2.

The results in Table 2 demonstrate that test subjects who consumed either test drink A or test drink B showed significantly less fluid loss compared to test subjects who consumed control drinks 1 or 2.

As shown in table 3, the minute volume of respiration or oxygen consumption, measured in liters of inhaled air per minute, was reduced in the studied subjects who consumed both test drink A and test drink B.

Example 4. Sports drink compositions and performance studies

Male cyclists (n = 11; 24.3 ± 0.6 years; VO2MAX = 54.9 ± 2.7 ml / kg / min) consumed sports drinks containing citric acid (placebo), drink A or drink B, in double-blind randomized controlled crossover study. Subjects took 200 ml of the drink and a standard breakfast, starting every day of the study, and performed two Wingate tests on a bicycle ergometer for 30 seconds, separated by 4 minutes, and consumed 7.5 ml / kg of the drink, resting for a 60-minute recovery period. Subjects then performed three consecutive 15-minute runs on a bicycle ergometer at 65% VO2MAX followed by a time trial simulation. 3 ml / kg of the drink was consumed during the endurance test on a bicycle ergometer. Plasma glucose and lactate levels, serum levels of free fatty acids, sodium, potassium, chloride, bicarbonate, osmolality, whole blood pH, urine osmolality and specific gravity were obtained at different points in time throughout the day to evaluate metabolic markers, and respiratory and cardiovascular performance was evaluated during the time trial. Data was analyzed using analysis of variance of repeated measurements, including the subject and processing as factors; for pairwise comparisons, the Tukey test was used. Data are presented as mean values ± SOS, and p <0.05 was considered significant.

Results. No effect of type A or B beverage was found to affect performance or blood metabolism markers observed during Wingate tests. During the endurance test, there was no significant effect of type A or B drink on blood metabolism markers. The glucose level decreased during all treatments after section 1 and was restored after section 2. By the end of section 4, glucose levels were higher than before the endurance test in all treatments, and glucose levels were usually higher with drinks A and B compared with placebo (p = 0.08). Lactate levels were generally lower during the endurance test with both drinks A or B compared with placebo, with a tendency for a drink based on an aqueous extract of Ginura Prokumbens leaf extract to lower lactate levels compared to placebo after section 3 (p = 0.06). During the endurance test, there were no differences in respiratory and cardiovascular parameters between treatments (p> 0.05). Minute breathing was lower with drink A or B (p = 0.08) compared with placebo. During the day, there were no significant changes in the specific gravity of urine, urine osmolality levels, total urine volume or total fluid loss (p> 0.05).

Conclusion These studies provide evidence that sports drinks containing an aqueous extract of Ginura Prokumbens leaf extract can have a beneficial effect on lactate levels and minute respiratory rate during submaximal endurance training in trained male athletes.

Increased athletic performance was demonstrated by reduced lactic acid formation, reduced fluid loss, reduced minute breathing capacity during exercise, and increased productivity over time.

Although the compositions and methods of the present invention have been described with respect to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art will understand that variations, corrections, modifications, and changes can be applied to the composition as well as to the modes of use described herein. without departing from the exact idea, essence and scope of the present invention. More specifically, the additives and ingredients described herein can be replaced with certain additives and ingredients that are similar in their chemical, physiological and / or flavoring properties, while achieving the same or similar results. All such substitutions and modifications obvious to those skilled in the art are within the spirit, scope and concept of the present invention.

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Claims (5)

1. A tool that improves performance in athletes, characterized in that it contains an aqueous extract of leaves Ginura Procumbens (Gynura Procumbens), steviol, fruit juice concentrate, malic acid, sweetener, potassium sorbate and water, in the following ratio of ingredients: water extract of Jinura Prokumbens leaf 2-6 g steviol 0.05-0.1 g fruit juice concentrate 25-50 g Apple acid 0.5-1.0 g sweetener 0.05-0.085 g potassium sorbate 0.25-0.4 g water up to 1 l 2. The tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the fruit juice concentrate is selected from pomegranate juice concentrate, currant juice concentrate or mixtures thereof. 3. The tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the sweetener is selected from sucrose, fructose, honey. 4. The tool according to claim 1, characterized in that it is a drink.