RU2662613C1 - Method of movement of ships and vessels in ice - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: shipbuilding.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to shipbuilding and concerns operation of ships and vessels in ice conditions. Method is proposed for movement of a ship or vessel in ice, consisting in the fact that in the bow of the ship or vessel there is a device that is a cylindrical roller with injectors on the generators mounted on the frame in front of the bow, which preliminarily cuts the ice field onto the plates all along its depth with a high-pressure water jet, and then the ship or ship tugs to the ice crust chopped plates while moving along the route.

EFFECT: invention allows to improve the patency of a ship or ship in ice, improve the safety of navigation in ice conditions.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to shipbuilding, and more specifically to methods of moving a ship or vessel in ice and allows overcoming ice barriers with ice thickness comparable with the capabilities of the best icebreakers.

At present, a ship or a vessel, when moving in ice, follows an icebreaker that paves the way for their movement, that is, an icebreaker pierces ice with its hull, providing mechanical destruction of the ice cover, thereby ensuring the passage of the ship or vessel along the route. If the possibilities of existing icebreakers for passing in the ice are exhausted, then navigation for ships and vessels ends from this moment.

Known devices and mechanisms, "US 4152999 A (MITSUI SHIPBUILDING) 05/08/1979; US 3678873 A (SUN OIL CO) 07/25/1972; SU 379447 A1 (Administration of the Northern Route) 04/20/1973; US 3878804 A (LEGERER FRIEDRICH J) 04/22/1975 "installed on ice-breaker ships, using a high-pressure water jet from nozzles to destroy the ice barrier at the heading. Nozzles are mounted on devices and mechanisms mounted on swivel arms or levers mounted in the bow. These devices destroy the ice field in front of the ships in sections, in stages, over the width of the ship's hull, which significantly reduces their cruising speed. There is no information on their industrial application.

Known in other industries are methods of cutting a high pressure water jet of metals, ceramics, wood and agricultural products. These are mainly stationary or mobile units with a limited supply of a high-pressure mixture.

The proposed method of moving a ship or vessel in ice with an ice cutting device installed in the bow involves first cutting the ice along its entire depth into plates with a high pressure water jet simultaneously across the entire width of the ship or vessel. Further, the ship or vessel, while moving, stabs the ice plate with the hull onto the crumb and goes along the route.

An ice-cutting device can cut an ice barrier in the form of icebergs or an ice field along its entire depth into plates of any given thickness on the width of the ship or ship hull so that the strength characteristics of the ship or ship hull make it possible to turn the ice barrier into ice crumb during movement. The device provides the speed of a ship or vessel on an ice field as in clear water.

Design and operating features of the ice-cutting device: FIG. 1, which are significantly different from the prototype, are:

1. The device for cutting ice consists of a rectangular frame 1 and a cylindrical roller 2 with generators 3 on which nozzles are mounted 4. A frame 1 with an opening around the entire perimeter, section 1-1, serves to install the ice rink and supply high pressure water from 5. pump through the perimeter of the frame and forming 3 to the nozzles 4.

2. The size L of the roller is greater than the width of the ship or vessel.

3. A roller 2 with a cylindrical shape, with nozzles 4 on the forming 3, mounted on the frame 1 in front of the bow of the ship or vessel, provides a tight contact spot between the nozzles 4 and the ice field along the entire length of the generatrix L. This ensures long-term contact of high-pressure water jets with ice for cutting all its depth.

4. Roller 2 can passively rotate from rolling friction with an ice field when the ship or vessel is moving or have a drive to adjust the angular velocity of the roller 2, coordinate it with the estimated cruising speed of the ship or vessel. This will ensure a long time spent by the jet of high pressure in contact with ice at the place of cut, will allow you to make a cut across the entire depth of the section of ice with all nozzles 4 of the roller 2 evenly.

5. The device for cutting ice provides the ice rink 2 tight contact with the surface of the ice field due to its own weight and backlash in the vertical plane to overcome its irregularities.

6. The device for cutting ice is installed on the ship or vessel as additional equipment, as necessary, to increase the possibility of shipping in winter navigation on extreme routes and has a marching A and working B position. Each ship or vessel with the proposed device can go along the route independently and at any time of the year without escort by an icebreaker.

7. The passage of the vessel with the proposed device for cutting ice along the river bed in the spring, melting ice eliminates the possibility of ice jams, providing free ice drift, which prevents spring flooding of the territories adjacent to the river, excludes blasting.

8. An ice-cutting device installed on a ship or vessel having the above-described design, the listed functions and capabilities, can violate the strength of the ice field immediately over the entire width of the ship or vessel to such an extent that the ship or vessel follows a given route at a speed like in clear water. This indicates a significant difference between the proposed device and the closest prototypes for the better, which allows us to talk about its wide industrial application and installation on ships and vessels to increase the possibility of all-weather navigation in the northern latitudes.

Claims (1)

A method of moving a ship or vessel in ice, characterized in that in the bow of the ship or vessel there is a device representing a cylindrical roller with nozzles on the generators, mounted on a frame in front of the bow, which previously cuts the ice field into plates along its entire depth with a jet high-pressure water, and then a ship or a ship throws hulls of ice on a piece of ice to chopped plates while moving along the route.

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