RU2661388C2 - Biotechnical system of milk sucking from the udder of lactating animals - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture; machine building.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture, in particular to the production of milk intended for feeding offspring. Biotechnical system for sucking milk from the udder of lactating animals includes a device for remote sucking out milk from the udder, consisting of a cup with a sucker, a flexible hose and a rubber teat, and a milk-sucking animal. Cup of the device is put on and fixed on the udder's dug, creating an under-dug chamber of the cup, connected through a hose to the rubber teat of the device, which the sucking animal holds in the mouth, creating a pulsating vacuum pressure in the suction chamber of the cup. In the hose of the device connecting the cup with the rubber teat, the sensors for measuring the amount of liquid flowing through the hose are mounted. In the hose of the device that connects the cup to the rubber teat, sensors of the devices that determine the quality of the fluid flowing through the hose are mounted.

EFFECT: increase in safety, acceleration of growth and development of the offspring.

3 cl, 2 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to the production of milk from cows and queens of other mammals, intended for feeding offspring, mainly in dairy, dairy and meat and beef cattle.

State of the art

There is a known natural method for producing offspring and, in particular, a calf, milk by directly sucking it from the udder of the uterus, as well as feeding the calves with milk previously obtained by extruding it from the udder of a cow manually or mechanically. The manual method of dispensing milk from the udder of the uterus is laborious and low productivity. Therefore, it is applicable only in small farms. The mechanized method can be highly productive, it allows you to automate and robotize both the process of obtaining and the process of subsequent normalized drinking of milk to offspring. However, existing devices for milking cows and uterus of other species of mammals are rather complicated, expensive and energy-consuming, since they require mechanisms to create a pulsating vacuum pressure. This increases the cost of milk produced. In addition, the process of obtaining milk for offspring of certain species of mammals and, in particular, for calves is combined with the receipt of milk for other food and production purposes. Therefore, between receiving milk from the cow's udder and drinking his calf, some time passes, during which it manages to cool and even be seeded with microflora.

To avoid these undesirable consequences, additional costs are required.

A device is known for milking cows and feeding calves (RU 2150190, 06/10/2000), including milking cups connected by milk and vacuum tubes with a collector, a hose, a pulsator, a main hose, a milking bucket connected by a pipeline with a crane and with a metering unit for calf feed with a pacifier. When milking a cow, milk falls into a bucket and then into a dosing tank, in which a predetermined dose of milk to be drunk is formed and atmospheric pressure is set, which ensures milk consumption by the calf through the nipple and increases its dosing accuracy (prototype device). However, this device is rather complicated, expensive and energy-consuming, since its operation requires mechanisms to create a pulsating vacuum pressure. This increases the cost of milk produced.

The natural way to get offspring of milk by sucking it from the udder of the uterus is free from the disadvantages of the mechanized method of obtaining milk for offspring. This method has the most beneficial effect both on the health and milk production of the uterus, as well as on the health and growth of the offspring. However, certain types of farm animals and, in particular, cattle are bred not only to obtain and raise offspring, but also to obtain marketable milk for food and production purposes. Combining the production of milk from one uterus in a natural way and by extrusion is organizationally difficult and time-consuming.

Known suction method of growing calves under a cow-nurse (Methodological guidelines for growing calves under a cow-nurse. - M., 1960), when calves get milk in a natural way (prototype method). In this case, the milk of a cow-nurse is used only for feeding calves. Moreover, one cow can feed from one to four calves at a time. The cow and calves attached to it are most often kept in neighboring cells. At a certain time of the day, the calves are launched into the cage to the cow and after a certain time they are returned back to their cage. Obtaining milk from nursing cows in a natural way reduces its cost, which makes it possible to efficiently use cows whose content in the dairy herd due to insufficient milk production (below 5000-6000 kg / year) with the current disparity in milk prices and industrial products used in agriculture becomes unprofitable. At the same time, the calves' safety is increased, their growth and development is accelerated.

However, the suction method of raising calves under a nursing cow is difficult to apply on an industrial scale, since the cow and the calves attached to it must first be accustomed to each other. It is necessary to ensure that due to competition for the nipple, individual calves do not remain deprived of milk. It is almost impossible to control the amount of milk sucked by each calf, which is necessary for timely compensation of milk received by other feeds. In addition, the calves assigned to one cow are in contact with each other and with the cow, which is undesirable from the point of view of preventing diseases of young animals.

Disclosure of invention

The aim of the invention is to reduce the cost of milk and create the conditions for the complete mechanization and automation of the process of growing young milk, while maintaining the main advantages of the natural method of producing milk for animals.

This goal is achieved by the fact that, in contrast to the natural and other known methods for producing milk, the animal sucks the milk from the udder without contacting it directly, and through the udder connected to the nipple, a device for remote sucking milk from the uterine udder, which differs from known milking devices by the absence mechanisms for creating vacuum pressure and its pulsation. This device is a flexible, preferably transparent hose, one end of which is connected to a glass with a suction cup placed on the nipple of the udder, and the other is connected to the nipple, which the animal takes into its mouth and sucks. The device can be equipped with tools for manual or automated (robotic) donning, fixing and removing the glass from the nipple of the uterus; to simulate the tremors of the udder of the animal’s head during sucking; to account for the quantity and quality of the liquid passing through the device and to connect the device to a pipeline with water.

List of figures of graphic images

In FIG. 1 shows a General view of the device for remote suction of milk by the calf from the cow's udder in section. In FIG. 2 is a diagram of one embodiment of the invention for growing calves of a young age.

The implementation of the invention

A device for remote sucking milk of animals by an animal, and specifically, a calf from an uterine udder, contains a glass 1 with a suction cup 2, which can be inserted into the clip 3 (shaded) of the mechanism supporting the glass on the uterine nipple, with a simulator of pushes of the udder's udder during sucking (not shown); flexible, preferably transparent hose 4; pacifier 5; adapters 6 and 7 (shaded) with sensors of metering devices for the quantity, and if necessary, determining the quality of the fluid flowing through the hose 4 (not shown),

The method can be carried out, for example, as follows.

In the room along its longitudinal walls there are individual cages for calves 8 with access to the individual houses and then to walking areas (not shown).

Each cage, in addition to feeders for coarse, concentrated and mineral feeds and top dressings, is equipped with a pacifier 5 of the device for remote suction of milk inserted into the cell wall.

The nipple 5 by means of adapters and a flexible hose 4 is connected to a glass, which manually or using a robot can be put on and fixed on the nipple of the cow udder or connected to a pipe pipe with drinking water (not shown).

Cells 8 are grouped in four, and the calves located in them are simultaneously sucked through the nipples of 5 devices and 4 glasses connected to them by hoses, put on the nipples of the cow, milk of one cow.

According to the technology with manual donning of glasses on the nipples of the cows, in front of each of the four individual cages 8, a machine 9 is installed for fixing the cow with the possibility of the animal entering and leaving it, without interfering with the entrance and exit of the cows from other machines. Machines 9 can be separated from cells 8 by a technological passage 10 for staff.

The machine 9 provides for the fixation of the cow during feeding of calves through a device for the remote suction of milk from its udder; equipped with a mechanism supporting the glass on the nipple and simulating the calf udder pushing during sucking and equipped with a feeder for dosed feeding of the concentrated feed to the cow and means for preparing the cow for milk delivery (not shown).

The employee, at a time determined by the daily routine, opens the machines; sends cows to them; fixes them (closes machines); includes a feed meter dispenser; Washes and dries the udder; puts on and fixes glasses of devices on the nipples of the cow; controls the calf sucking milk from the cow's udder; removes glasses from the udder of the cow and connects them to the pipeline with warm water, and releases the cows from the machines before the next feeding of the calves.

A device for remote sucking milk of litter can be equipped with devices for metering, drunk by the calf of milk, and, if necessary, to determine its quality.

The amount of milk sucked by the calf during the day is taken into account when determining the daily dose of feed, which is poured into its feeder.

If necessary, all operations for preparing the cow and feeding the calves can be performed by a robot and automatic machines. In this case, the machine 9 is equipped with a robot, and the machine itself is made with the possibility of movement along the cells according to a given program.

The proposed method for producing milk from the udder of the uterus provides:

- the ability to isolate the young from the uterus and from each other;

- the ability of young animals to suck any dairy cow (uterus) without the need for prior training of young animals and uterus to each other;

- the ability to automate the accounting of milk and other liquid feed sucked by each animal through the device;

- the ability to automate the dosed giving of other feeds taking into account the milk received by each specific animal;

- the ability to automate the disconnection of the device from the share of the udder of the uterus when it is empty or sick;

- preservation of the advantages of the natural method of obtaining milk offspring.

Moreover, the production of milk using the proposed device, which does not require energy-consuming mechanisms to create a pulsating vacuum pressure, will reduce its cost in comparison with the cost of milk obtained on conventional milking devices.

Claims (3)

1. Biotechnical system for sucking milk from the udder of lactating animals, including a device for remote suction of milk from the udder, consisting of a glass with a suction cup, a flexible hose and a nipple, and an animal sucking milk, characterized in that the glass of the device is put on and fixed on the nipple of the udder, creating a suction cup of the glass, connected by a hose to the nipple of the device, which the sucking animal holds in the mouth, creating a pulsating vacuum pressure in the suction cup of the glass. 2. Biotechnological system for sucking milk from the udder according to claim 1, characterized in that the sensors of the metering device for the amount of fluid flowing through the hose are mounted in the device’s hose connecting the glass to the nipple. 3. Biotechnological system for sucking milk from the udder according to p. 1, 2, characterized in that the sensors of the devices that determine the quality of the fluid flowing through the hose are mounted in the device’s hose connecting the glass to the nipple.

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