RU2659438C1 - Culvert for protection of roads from land runoff and sediments - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to road and environmental construction and can be used to protect highways in mountain and foothill zones from slope flows and sediments. In the method, the culvert contains the catchment and drainage parts. Above catchment apart is made in the form of a tubular drainage, consisting of water collecting perforated pipes with stiffening rings, arranged around the pipes at a certain distance from each other and the water intake part made of flexible slabs, laid around the pipes between the stiffening rings, mesh shell, arranged with tension around the circumference of the water intake part and attached to the stiffening rings, gravel backfilling, arranged on top of the water intake part and the mesh shell of the drainage part. Above drainage part of the structure is made in the form of a closed pipe and passes under the roadway normally to the longitudinal axis of the road and tubular drainage. Its inlet part is arranged in the end part of the tubular drainage with a smooth interface with it. This inlet part of the drainage pipe and the end part of the tubular drainage form a joint assembly made in the form of a closed well made of gabion guide walls and a reinforced concrete slab laid on top of the gabion walls.

EFFECT: reduction of labor intensity of construction.

1 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to road and environmental construction and can be used to protect roads passing in mountain and foothill zones from slope runoff and sediment.

A known system of drainage structures of roads, consisting of ditches, ditches (with drainage and without drainage devices) and culverts [1]. Their main disadvantages are low work efficiency and the absence of a jointly working system of drainage and culverts.

A relatively close analogue is the surface and underground drainage system, including drainage ditches, drainage devices and pipelines [2]. The disadvantage of the closest analogue is the low efficiency of its work due to the lack of a jointly operating drainage and culvert system, as well as the high complexity of construction.

The purpose of the invention is to increase work efficiency and reduce the complexity of construction.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the culvert containing the drainage and drainage parts of the road, the drainage part is made in the form of tubular drainage, consisting of drainage perforated pipes with stiffening rings arranged around the pipes at a certain distance from each other and the intake part, which is made of flexible mattresses laid around pipes between stiffening rings, a mesh shell wrapped with tension around a circle around the water intake part and attached to to the stiffeners, gravel backfill, arranged on top of the water intake part and the drainage mesh shell, and the water outlet part of the structure is made in the form of a closed pipe laid under the roadway normally to the longitudinal axis of the road and pipe drainage. The inlet of the water outlet pipe is arranged in the end part of the tubular drainage with smooth interfacing with it and the condition for observing the non-pressure mode of operation of the drainage and outlet pipe, for this the slope of the water outlet pipe should be much larger than the slope of the drainage pipe, and the bottom mark of the inlet pipe should be lower than the bottom the edges of the end of the drainage pipe are not less than 0.25 m, while the inlet of the water outlet and the end of the tubular drainage form a junction in the form of a closed prismatic well, consisting enclosing walls of the gabion and concrete slabs, laid on top gabion wall and just above the top end portion of the drainage tube.

In FIG. 1 shows a cross section of a tubular drainage and a roadway; in FIG. 2 - plan of the culvert; in FIG. 3 is a longitudinal section of a drain pipe with a view of the end part of the tubular drainage; in FIG. 4 - perforated pipe with stiffening rings; in FIG. 5 shows a light fascin from ripened reeds; in FIG. 6 - a flexible mattress.

The culvert includes a tubular drainage and a water outlet. Tubular drainage consists of perforated drainage pipes 1 with stiffening rings 2, a water intake part 3 made of flexible mattresses 4, consisting of light fascia 5, wrapped in a geogrid and laid around pipes 1 between stiffening rings 2; mesh shell 6 arranged (with tension) around the circumference around the water intake part 3 and attached to the rings (ribs) of rigidity 2, gravel backfill 7 arranged on top of the water intake part of the drainage. In the end part of the tubular drainage at the base of the road, a tubular water outlet is arranged, consisting of pipes 8 (rectangular or circular cross-section) laid with a slope towards the downstream. The inlet of the outlet pipe 8 smoothly mates with the drainage pipe 1 and is equipped with gabion enclosing walls 9 and a reinforced concrete slab 10 laid on top of the junction of pipes 1 and 8 and gabion walls 9. A viewing hole 11 is provided in the plate 10.

The culvert structure of combined design is constructed as follows.

- уклона дороги) по всей длине водоотвода до узла соединения концевой части трубчатого дренажа и водопропускной трубы 8. После чего берутся перфорированные (дренажные) трубы 1, длиной 4,5-5,0 м и одеваются на нее кольца жесткости 2 из плотной резины или полимерных материалов с расположением их на расстоянии длины гибких тюфяков 4. Далее вокруг трубы 1 между кольцами жесткости 2 до их верха укладывают гибкие тюфяки 4 плотными рядами, затем всю эту конструкцию труб 1 с гибкими тюфяками 4 заворачивают в сетчатую оболочку 6 из металлической или геосетки с натяжением и прикреплением ее к кольцам жесткости 2. Таким образом, изготавливают необходимое количество дренажных труб 1 с водоприемной частью 3, после чего их монтируют в заранее заготовленной траншее по уклону до входной части водовыпускной трубы 8. Сверху смонтированных дренажных труб с водоприемной частью 3 укладывают гравийную засыпку 7. При этом концевая часть дренажной трубы 1 должна входить в колодец, устраиваемый перед входом в трубчатый водовыпуск. Трубчатый водовыпуск, состоящий из труб 8 под полотном дороги, устраивается одновременно со строительством дороги или после ее строительства по мере необходимости. При этом уклон и площадь поперечного сечения труб 8 должны быть большими, по сравнению с этими же характеристиками дренажной трубы 1. В качестве труб 8 могут быть использованы металлические, полимерные, асбестоцементные или железобетонные трубы. Входную часть водовыпускных труб 8 выполняют в виде призматического колодца из габионных ограждающих стенок 9 с гравийной засыпкой в основании и боковым отверстием для входа дренажной трубы 1 в колодец, и железобетонной плитой 10, которую укладывают сверху колодца (габионных стенок 9). В железобетонной плите предусматривают смотровое отверстие 11, диаметром 25-30 см для наблюдения за режимом работы трубчатого дренажа и водовыпускной трубы 8.All elements of the culvert are prepared in advance. First, the required number of perforated (drainage) pipes 1 is made of polymer materials, light fascia 5 and flexible mattresses 4 from ripened reeds and a geogrid, a mesh shell 6 of a geogrid or gabion (metal) net. Then, under the slope along the line of the cuvette of the road, a trench of the required depth is developed with the condition that a tubular drainage with gravel filling 7 be placed in it, so that the mark of the top of the filling 7 is lower than the mark of the roadside. The trench is being developed (with a slope,

- slope of the road) along the entire length of the drainage system to the junction of the end part of the tubular drainage and culvert 8. Then, perforated (drainage) pipes 1, 4.5-5.0 m long are taken and stiffening rings 2 made of dense rubber are put on or polymeric materials with their location at a distance of the length of the flexible mattresses 4. Next around the pipe 1 between the stiffening rings 2 to their top lay flexible mattresses 4 in tight rows, then this entire pipe structure 1 with flexible mattresses 4 is wrapped in a mesh sheath 6 made of metal or geogrid with tension and attaching it to the stiffening rings 2. Thus, the required number of drainage pipes 1 with the intake part 3 is manufactured, and then they are mounted in a pre-prepared trench along the slope to the inlet of the outlet pipe 8. On top of the mounted drainage pipes with the intake part 3, they are laid gravel filling 7. In this case, the end part of the drainage pipe 1 should enter the well arranged before entering the tubular water outlet. A tubular water outlet, consisting of pipes 8 under the roadbed, is arranged simultaneously with the construction of the road or after its construction, as necessary. In this case, the slope and the cross-sectional area of the pipes 8 should be large, compared with the same characteristics of the drainage pipe 1. As the pipes 8, metal, polymer, asbestos-cement or reinforced concrete pipes can be used. The input part of the water outlet pipes 8 is made in the form of a prismatic well from gabion enclosing walls 9 with gravel filling in the base and a side hole for the drain pipe 1 to enter the well, and a reinforced concrete slab 10, which is laid on top of the well (gabion walls 9). In the reinforced concrete slab, a viewing hole 11 with a diameter of 25-30 cm is provided for observing the operating mode of the tubular drainage and water outlet 8.

The culvert works as follows.

During the rainy period, water (saturated with sediment) drains from the slope and enters the cuvette of the road, where tubular drainage is arranged. At the same time, water under the influence of gravitational forces passes through gravel backfill 7 and water inlet 3 into the drainage pipe 1, which receives and transports it to the inlet of the water outlet 8, through which water is then passed into the downstream beyond the highway. Flexible mattresses 4, made of light fascines 5 (water intake part 3), ensure efficient intake of water without impurities of sediment particles and its entry into the drain pipe 1. The water intake part 3 of the drain pipes works as inverse filters, preventing small particles of soil and sediment from entering the pipe 1. Over time (after 3-4 years), the water intake part of 3 pipes may become clogged. In this case, in the places of clogging it can be replaced easily by dismantling it (flexible mattresses 3) in a place with a mesh shell 6 and gravel backfill 7. And together dismantled of the water intake part, lay new mattresses 4 and arrange a new mesh shell, arranging a new gravel bed on top. If necessary, you can also completely replace the entire section of the drainage pipe 1 with the water intake part 3 and gravel backfill 7, and arrange a new one in the place of the dismantled section according to the above technology. And in the case of the formation of large alluvial blockages on top of the tubular drainage, it is necessary to clean them up to gravel backfill 7. In general, a culvert consisting of drainage (catchment) and culvert parts provides an effective interception of rain (slope) runoff and their transportation outside the road surface . At the same time, the complexity of construction and material costs are reduced by more than 30% compared to using a traditional drainage system.

Thus, culverts of combined design provide reliable protection for sections of roads passing under the slopes of mountain and piedmont zones, where intense rainfall with high concentrations of sediment is possible, while they do not have any harmful effect on the environment.

The culvert of the proposed design can most effectively be used to protect roads passing in mountain and foothill recreational areas from storm and slope runoff.

Information sources

1. Podolsky V.P. Road construction. Subgrade: a textbook for students. Higher education institutions Education / V.P. Podolsky, A.V. Glagoliev, P.I. Ripening; under the editorship of V.P. Podolsky. - 3rd ed., Erased. - M.: Publishing Center "Academy", p. 109-142.

2. Fedotov G.A. Research and design of roads. In 2 book Prince 1: Textbook / G.A. Fedotov, P.I. Ripe. - M.: Higher school, 2009, p. 255 - 199.

Claims (1)

A culvert containing a drainage and water discharge parts of a road, characterized in that the drainage part is made in the form of a tubular drainage, consisting of perforated drainage pipes with stiffening rings arranged around the pipes at a certain distance from each other and the intake part, which is made of flexible mattresses laid around pipes between stiffening rings, a mesh shell wrapped with tension around a circle around the water intake part and attached to the stiffening rings and, gravel backfill, arranged on top of the water intake part and the drainage mesh shell, and the water outlet part of the structure is made in the form of a closed pipe laid under the roadbed normally to the longitudinal axis of the road and tubular drainage, while the inlet part of the water outlet pipe is arranged in the end part of the tubular drainage smooth conjugation with it and the condition for observing the non-pressure mode of operation of the drainage and the discharge pipe, for this the slope of the water outlet should be much larger than the slope of the drainage pipe, and the bottom mark the inlet of the pipe below the lower edge of the end of the drainage pipe is not less than 0.25 m, while the inlet of the water outlet and the end of the pipe drainage form a connection node in the form of a closed prismatic well, consisting of gabion enclosing walls and a reinforced concrete slab laid on top of the gabion walls and just above the top of the end of the drainage pipe.

Images