RU2658038C1 - Swirl nozzle - Google Patents

Swirl nozzle Download PDF

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Publication number
RU2658038C1
RU2658038C1 RU2018105317A RU2018105317A RU2658038C1 RU 2658038 C1 RU2658038 C1 RU 2658038C1 RU 2018105317 A RU2018105317 A RU 2018105317A RU 2018105317 A RU2018105317 A RU 2018105317A RU 2658038 C1 RU2658038 C1 RU 2658038C1
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Russia
Prior art keywords
liquid
diffuser
housing
tubes
resonant
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RU2018105317A
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Russian (ru)
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Олег Савельевич Кочетов
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Олег Савельевич Кочетов
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/26Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with means for mechanically breaking-up or deflecting the jet after discharge, e.g. with fixed deflectors; Breaking-up the discharged liquid or other fluent material by impinging jets
    • B05B1/262Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with means for mechanically breaking-up or deflecting the jet after discharge, e.g. with fixed deflectors; Breaking-up the discharged liquid or other fluent material by impinging jets with fixed deflectors
    • B05B1/265Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with means for mechanically breaking-up or deflecting the jet after discharge, e.g. with fixed deflectors; Breaking-up the discharged liquid or other fluent material by impinging jets with fixed deflectors the liquid or other fluent material being symmetrically deflected about the axis of the nozzle
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/26Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with means for mechanically breaking-up or deflecting the jet after discharge, e.g. with fixed deflectors; Breaking-up the discharged liquid or other fluent material by impinging jets
    • B05B1/262Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with means for mechanically breaking-up or deflecting the jet after discharge, e.g. with fixed deflectors; Breaking-up the discharged liquid or other fluent material by impinging jets with fixed deflectors
    • B05B1/267Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with means for mechanically breaking-up or deflecting the jet after discharge, e.g. with fixed deflectors; Breaking-up the discharged liquid or other fluent material by impinging jets with fixed deflectors the liquid or other fluent material being deflected in determined directions
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/30Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages
    • B05B1/3006Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the controlling element being actuated by the pressure of the fluid to be sprayed
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/30Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages
    • B05B1/3033Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the control being effected by relative coaxial longitudinal movement of the controlling element and the spray head
    • B05B1/3073Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages the control being effected by relative coaxial longitudinal movement of the controlling element and the spray head the controlling element being a deflector acting as a valve in co-operation with the outlet orifice
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05BSPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B3/00Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements

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  • Nozzles (AREA)

Abstract

FIELD: devices for spraying liquids.
SUBSTANCE: invention relates to fluid and solvent sprayers and may be used in engine building, chemical and food industries. Swirl atomizer comprises case with screw aligned in the case bottom section. In the body upper part there is fitting with cylindrical hole for supply of compressed air or gas. Coupling is connected to diffuser, which is axisymmetric to body and fitting. At the site of diffuser, at least three resonant cavities, for example spherical, with resonant tubes are placed to supply compressed air. Resonance tubes emerge into cavity of diffuser and act as mouths of Helmholtz resonators, tuned to frequency of sound vibrations, contributing to additional crushing of liquid droplets and formation of finer dispersed flow of liquid being sprayed. For fluid supply, coaxially and axisymmetrically to body, by means of perforated washer, to inner surface of socket with cylindrical hole, a tube for supplying liquid is fixed. At the end of the tube, at least three chokes are installed. They are located below resonant cavities with resonant tubes of Helmholtz resonators.
EFFECT: invention provides improvement in liquid spraying efficiency.
1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

Изобретение относится к средствам распиливания жидкостей и растворов.The invention relates to means for sawing liquids and solutions.

Наиболее близким техническим решением к заявляемому объекту является форсунка по патенту РФ №2480295, F02C 7/24, содержащая корпус со шнеком, соосно расположенным в нижней части корпуса и расположенный в верхней части корпуса штуцер с цилиндрическим отверстием для подвода жидкости, соединенным с диффузором, осесимметричным корпусу и штуцеру (прототип).The closest technical solution to the claimed object is the nozzle according to the patent of Russian Federation No. 2480295, F02C 7/24, containing a housing with a screw coaxially located in the lower part of the housing and located in the upper part of the housing fitting with a cylindrical hole for supplying fluid connected to the diffuser, axisymmetric housing and fitting (prototype).

Недостатком известной форсунки является сравнительно невысокая степень распыла и сложность конструкции.A disadvantage of the known nozzle is the relatively low degree of atomization and design complexity.

Технический результат - повышение эффективности распыления жидкости. Это достигается тем, что в вихревой форсунке, содержащей корпус со шнеком, соосно расположенным в нижней части корпуса и расположенный в верхней части корпуса штуцер с цилиндрическим отверстием для подвода сжатого воздуха или газа, соединенным с диффузором, осесимметричным корпусу и штуцеру, в котором в месте выполнения диффузора для подвода сжатого воздуха размещены по крайней мере три резонансных полости, например сферические, с резонансными трубками, выходящими в полость диффузора и выполняющими функции горловин резонаторов Гельмгольца, настроенных на частоту звуковых колебаний, способствующих дополнительному дроблению капель жидкости и образованию более мелкодисперсного потока распыляемой жидкости, а для подвода жидкости соосно и осесимметрично корпусу, посредством перфорированной шайбы, к внутренней поверхности штуцера с цилиндрическим отверстием закреплена трубка для подвода жидкости, на конце которой установлены по крайней мере три дроссельных трубки, которые расположены ниже резонансных полостей с резонансными трубками резонаторов Гельмгольца.EFFECT: increased efficiency of liquid spraying. This is achieved by the fact that in the vortex nozzle containing the housing with a screw coaxially located in the lower part of the housing and located in the upper part of the housing, a nozzle with a cylindrical hole for supplying compressed air or gas connected to a diffuser, an axisymmetric case and a fitting in which at least three resonance cavities, for example spherical, with resonance tubes extending into the cavity of the diffuser and performing the functions of the necks of Helmgo resonators are arranged for the supply of compressed air tuned to the frequency of sound vibrations that contribute to the additional crushing of liquid droplets and the formation of a finely dispersed stream of sprayed liquid, and for supplying liquid coaxially and axisymmetrically to the housing, by means of a perforated washer, a tube for supplying liquid is fixed to the inner surface of the nozzle with a cylindrical hole, at the end of which at least three choke tubes are installed that are located below the resonant cavities with the Helmholtz resonator tubes.

На чертеже изображен общий вид форсунки.The drawing shows a General view of the nozzle.

Вихревая форсунка содержит корпус 1 со шнеком 7, соосно расположенным в нижней части корпуса, и расположенный в верхней части корпуса штуцер 2 с цилиндрическим отверстием 3 для подвода сжатого воздуха или газа, соединенным с диффузором 4, осесимметричным корпусу 1 и штуцеру 2. В штуцере 2 в месте выполнения диффузора 4 для подвода сжатого воздуха размещены по крайней мере три резонансных полости 16, например сферические, с резонансными трубками, выходящими в полость диффузора 4 и выполняющими функции горловин резонаторов Гельмгольца, настроенных на частоту звуковых колебаний, способствующих дополнительному дроблению капель жидкости и образованию более мелкодисперсного потока распыляемой жидкости.The vortex nozzle contains a housing 1 with a screw 7, coaxially located in the lower part of the housing, and a nozzle 2 located in the upper part of the housing with a cylindrical hole 3 for supplying compressed air or gas connected to the diffuser 4, axisymmetric housing 1 and fitting 2. In the fitting 2 at least three resonance cavities 16, for example spherical, with resonant tubes extending into the cavity of the diffuser 4 and acting as the necks of the Helmholtz resonators, are configured in the place of the diffuser 4 for supplying compressed air x the frequency of acoustic oscillations, contribute to a further fragmentation of liquid droplets and the formation of a fine spray of liquid flow.

Для подвода жидкости соосно и осесимметрично корпусу 1, посредством перфорированной шайбы 14, к внутренней поверхности штуцера 2 с цилиндрическим отверстием 3 закреплена трубка 13 для подвода жидкости, на конце которой установлены по крайней мере три дроссельных трубки 15, которые расположены ниже резонансных полостей 16 с резонансными трубками резонаторов Гельмгольца.To supply fluid coaxially and axisymmetrically to the housing 1, by means of a perforated washer 14, a tube 13 for supplying fluid is fixed to the inner surface of the nozzle 2 with a cylindrical hole 3, at the end of which at least three throttle tubes 15 are located, which are located below the resonance cavities 16 with resonance Helmholtz resonator tubes.

Для герметичного соединения корпуса 1 со штуцером 2 предусмотрена уплотняющая прокладка 5. Шнек 7 запрессован в корпус с образованием конической камеры 6, расположенной над шнеком 7, соосно диффузору 4, которая соединена с ним последовательно. Шнек 7 выполнен сплошным, причем внешняя поверхность шнека 7 представляет собой две последовательно соединенных поверхности, одна их которых представляет собой по крайней мере однозаходную винтовую канавку 8 с правой или левой нарезкой и расположена внутри корпуса 1, а вторая поверхность 10 выполнена гладкой в виде тела вращения, осесимметрично соединенного с распылительным диском 11, расположенным перпендикулярно оси корпуса, и выступает за торцевую поверхность нижней части корпуса, причем в качестве линии, образующей эту поверхность, может быть как прямая линия, так и кривая линия n-го порядка, например сферическая, эллиптическая, параболическая и др. (на чертеже не показано). Шнек 7 в этом случае может фиксироваться в корпусе дополнительно посредством винтов 9. Шнек 7 форсунки выполнен из твердых материалов: карбида вольфрама, рубина, сапфира.For tight connection of the housing 1 with the fitting 2, a sealing gasket 5 is provided. The screw 7 is pressed into the housing with the formation of a conical chamber 6 located above the screw 7, coaxially with the diffuser 4, which is connected in series with it. The screw 7 is made continuous, and the outer surface of the screw 7 is two serially connected surfaces, one of which is at least a single-pass screw groove 8 with right or left thread and is located inside the housing 1, and the second surface 10 is made smooth in the form of a body of revolution axisymmetrically connected to the spray disk 11 located perpendicular to the axis of the housing, and protrudes beyond the end surface of the lower part of the housing, and as a line forming this surface, It is to be a straight line and a curve n-th order, for example, spherical, elliptic, parabolic, etc. (not shown). In this case, screw 7 can be fixed in the housing by means of screws 9. The nozzle screw 7 is made of solid materials: tungsten carbide, ruby, sapphire.

Поверхность распылительного диска 11, выступающая за торцевую поверхность нижней части корпуса 1, выполнена отогнутой в сторону нижней части корпуса и имеет на периферийной части радиальные вырезы (на чертеже не показаны), чередующиеся со сплошной частью поверхности распылительного диска 11.The surface of the spray disk 11, protruding beyond the end surface of the lower part of the housing 1, is bent toward the lower part of the housing and has radial cutouts (not shown) in the peripheral part, alternating with the solid part of the surface of the spray disk 11.

Распылительный диск 11 смещен по оси форсунки вниз от гладкой поверхности тела вращения 10 шнека 7, соединенного с винтовой поверхностью 8 шнека на величину h, зависящую от вязкости распыляемой жидкости, и соединен со шнеком 7 посредством стержня 12, осесимметрично расположенного шнеку 7.The spray disk 11 is displaced along the axis of the nozzle down from the smooth surface of the body of revolution 10 of the screw 7, connected to the screw surface 8 of the screw by an amount h, depending on the viscosity of the sprayed liquid, and is connected to the screw 7 by means of a rod 12 axisymmetrically located on the screw 7.

Вихревая форсунка для распыливания жидкостей работает следующим образом.Vortex nozzle for spraying liquids works as follows.

Сжатый воздух подается по цилиндрическому отверстию 3 в диффузор 4, а из него в коническую камеру 6, из которой под давлением поступает в винтовую внешнюю полость шнека 7.Compressed air is supplied through a cylindrical hole 3 into the diffuser 4, and from it into the conical chamber 6, from which it flows under pressure into the screw external cavity of the screw 7.

Для подвода жидкости используется закрепленная на перфорированной шайбе 14 трубка 13, на конце которой установлены по крайней мере три дроссельных трубки 15, которые расположены ниже резонансных полостей 16 с резонансными трубками резонаторов Гельмгольца.To supply fluid, a tube 13 mounted on a perforated washer 14 is used, at the end of which at least three throttle tubes 15 are located, which are located below the resonance cavities 16 with the Helmholtz resonator tubes.

Вращающийся поток жидкости и воздуха (газа) во внешней винтовой полости шнека образует вихревое движение, при этом происходит дополнительное дробление капель жидкости за счет турбулизации потока на выходе, мелкодисперсный вращающийся поток выходит из форсунки с широким вращающимся факелом распыляющейся жидкости (раствора) и встречает на своем пути поверхность распылительного диска 11, у которой на периферийной части, отогнутой в сторону нижней части корпуса, выполнены радиальные вырезы, чередующиеся со сплошной частью поверхности распылительного диска 11, что позволяет увеличить поверхность распыливания жидкости с одновременным дополнительным дроблением капель жидкости.The rotating flow of liquid and air (gas) in the external screw cavity of the screw forms a vortex movement, while additional droplets of liquid are crushed due to turbulence of the outlet stream, a finely dispersed rotating stream leaves the nozzle with a wide rotating torch of the sprayed liquid (solution) and meets the way the surface of the spray disk 11, in which on the peripheral part, bent towards the lower part of the body, made radial cuts alternating with the solid part of the surface of the distribution the exhaust disc 11, which allows to increase the surface of the atomization of the liquid with simultaneous additional crushing of drops of liquid.

Claims (1)

Вихревая форсунка, содержащая корпус со шнеком, соосно расположенным в нижней части корпуса, и расположенный в верхней части корпуса штуцер с цилиндрическим отверстием для подвода сжатого воздуха или газа, соединенным с диффузором, осесимметричным корпусу и штуцеру, в котором, в месте выполнения диффузора для подвода сжатого воздуха, размещены по крайней мере три резонансных полости, например сферические, с резонансными трубками, выходящими в полость диффузора и выполняющими функции горловин резонаторов Гельмгольца, настроенных на частоту звуковых колебаний, способствующих дополнительному дроблению капель жидкости и образованию более мелкодисперсного потока распыляемой жидкости, отличающаяся тем, что для подвода жидкости соосно и осесимметрично корпусу, посредством перфорированной шайбы, к внутренней поверхности штуцера с цилиндрическим отверстием, закреплена трубка для подвода жидкости, на конце которой установлены по крайней мере три дроссельных трубки, которые расположены ниже резонансных полостей с резонансными трубками резонаторов Гельмгольца. A vortex nozzle containing a housing with a screw coaxially located in the lower part of the housing and a nozzle located in the upper part of the housing with a cylindrical hole for supplying compressed air or gas connected to a diffuser, an axisymmetric housing and a fitting in which, at the place of execution of the diffuser for supply compressed air, at least three resonant cavities, for example spherical, are placed, with resonant tubes extending into the cavity of the diffuser and performing the functions of the necks of Helmholtz resonators tuned for an hour from sound vibrations that contribute to the additional crushing of liquid droplets and the formation of a finely dispersed stream of atomized liquid, characterized in that for supplying the liquid coaxially and axisymmetrically to the housing, by means of a perforated washer, to the inner surface of the nozzle with a cylindrical hole, a tube for supplying liquid is fixed, at the end of which at least three choke tubes are installed that are located below the resonant cavities with the Helmholtz resonator tubes.
RU2018105317A 2018-02-13 2018-02-13 Swirl nozzle RU2658038C1 (en)

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Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE715339C (en) * 1939-12-08 1941-12-19 Fried Krupp Germaniawerft Ag Pressure atomizer for liquid fuels
GB1454381A (en) * 1972-11-18 1976-11-03 Lechler Apparatebau Kg Nozzle for spraying liquids
US4102651A (en) * 1972-10-14 1978-07-25 Davy Powergas Gmbh Ultrasonic atomizer for waste sulfuric acid and use thereof in acid cracking furnaces
SU1368045A1 (en) * 1985-04-02 1988-01-23 Предприятие П/Я А-1080 Sprayer/mixer
SU1599116A1 (en) * 1988-11-25 1990-10-15 Московский авиационный институт им.Серго Орджоникидзе Air-atomizing burner
RU2144439C1 (en) * 1998-12-28 2000-01-20 Вадим Борисович Иванов Centrifugal spray injector
US20020020764A1 (en) * 2000-07-07 2002-02-21 Lothar Bendig Nozzle for spraying a surface and method of spraying
RU2296013C2 (en) * 2005-04-13 2007-03-27 Валерий Николаевич Тесленко Method and injector for spraying liquids
RU2339875C1 (en) * 2007-03-13 2008-11-27 Олег Савельевич Кочетов Centrifugal nozzle
RU2545257C1 (en) * 2014-05-14 2015-03-27 Олег Савельевич Кочетов Acoustic swirl atomiser

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE715339C (en) * 1939-12-08 1941-12-19 Fried Krupp Germaniawerft Ag Pressure atomizer for liquid fuels
US4102651A (en) * 1972-10-14 1978-07-25 Davy Powergas Gmbh Ultrasonic atomizer for waste sulfuric acid and use thereof in acid cracking furnaces
GB1454381A (en) * 1972-11-18 1976-11-03 Lechler Apparatebau Kg Nozzle for spraying liquids
SU1368045A1 (en) * 1985-04-02 1988-01-23 Предприятие П/Я А-1080 Sprayer/mixer
SU1599116A1 (en) * 1988-11-25 1990-10-15 Московский авиационный институт им.Серго Орджоникидзе Air-atomizing burner
RU2144439C1 (en) * 1998-12-28 2000-01-20 Вадим Борисович Иванов Centrifugal spray injector
US20020020764A1 (en) * 2000-07-07 2002-02-21 Lothar Bendig Nozzle for spraying a surface and method of spraying
RU2296013C2 (en) * 2005-04-13 2007-03-27 Валерий Николаевич Тесленко Method and injector for spraying liquids
RU2339875C1 (en) * 2007-03-13 2008-11-27 Олег Савельевич Кочетов Centrifugal nozzle
RU2545257C1 (en) * 2014-05-14 2015-03-27 Олег Савельевич Кочетов Acoustic swirl atomiser

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