RU2657150C2 - Device for flange connections assembly or disassembly - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine engineering.

SUBSTANCE: device for assembly or disassembly flange connections, including pins and nuts, contains pin extraction devices with hydraulic cylinders and rods with nuts installed on the base. Each pin extraction device is made in the form of a hydraulic cylinder perpendicular to the extracted pin. The body and piston of the hydraulic cylinder are connected to pairs of levers, supported on two support platforms with axes. One of the support platforms is made interacting through the base with one of the flanges, and the second - with the nut installed on the rod.

EFFECT: simplified and cheaper construction.

6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of engineering, in particular to devices for assembling and disassembling flanged threaded joints used for fastening the covers of pressure vessels, mainly nuclear reactors. It is possible to use for assembling and disassembling flanged joints of pressure vessels, mainly large ones.

A device is known for assembling and disassembling groups of large threaded nodes of flange joints, comprising a mounting ring mounted in roller bearings on an annular rail. On the mounting ring fastening assemblies are mounted, consisting of housings, covers and hydraulic jacks, auxiliary rods with nuts, cam couplings with drives. On the mounting ring are also attached nodes of screwing and unscrewing of the main nuts, containing magazines of nuts and wrenches, including spindles placed inside telescopically articulated sleeves. Spindles have drives for their rotation, and sleeves have drives for their axial movement. At the ends of the spindles, there are ball locks-captures of the main nuts (see, for example, Aut. St. USSR No. 1618626, IPC V25V 29/02, announced August 19, 1988, publ. January 7, 1991).

The disadvantage of the device according to ed. St. USSR No. 1618626 is that the extraction of the studs is not done all at once, but in groups, which significantly increases the duration of the assembly process of the main connector of the pressure vessel, since when extracting the stud groups, due to the unevenness of the crushing of the gasket installed in the flange connection, the required size it is not possible to extract the studs the first time, and several cycles of extracting and loosening the nuts for each stud are required. In addition, this device does not constantly monitor the exhaust values of all the studs, which can lead to excessive loading of individual studs during the hood, and also does not allow to quickly determine the studs whose residual hood is outside the established limits.

A device for extracting studs is known, comprising a support mechanism with a hydraulic power mechanism and a nut-tightening mechanism. The support mechanism is made in the form of a power and support rings. The power mechanism interacts with threaded rods mounted on studs and is made in the form of multi-stage hydraulic cylinders. The latter are located around the perimeter of the support ring. Hydraulic cylinder pistons have holes for threaded rods and butt ends abut one another. The support ring is made with grooves on the ends to install the keys for tightening the nuts. The device can be equipped with a control unit for hydraulic cylinders (see, for example, Russian patent No. 2458782, IPC V25V 29/02, filed March 24, 2011, published on 08/20/2012).

The disadvantage of the device according to Russian patent No. 2458782 is the complexity and, therefore, the high cost of the design, since to create a large effort to extract the studs it is necessary to manufacture multi-stage hydraulic cylinders designed for high pressure. In addition, in conditions where it is necessary to increase the pulling force of the studs and reduce the distance between them, the creation of a device according to RF patent No. 2458782 becomes practically impossible, which makes it impossible to simultaneously pull all the studs of the flange joint.

The technical result of the proposed device lies in the possibility of simultaneous extraction of all the flanges of the flange connection, as well as simplification and cheapening of the design, through the use of a single-stage hydraulic cylinder of smaller diameter. Also, in connection with a decrease in the pressure of the working fluid, the requirements for strength, surface treatment and hydraulic cylinder seals are reduced.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the device for assembling or disassembling flange joints, including studs and nuts, containing installed on the basis of the device for extracting the studs with hydraulic cylinders and rods with nuts, each device for extracting the studs is made in the form of a hydraulic cylinder located perpendicular to the pulled the body and piston of which, through forks and axles, are connected with pairs of levers supported on two supporting platforms with axles, while one of the supporting platforms is made interacting through the base with one of the flanges, and the second with a nut mounted on the rod.

The technical nature and principle of operation of the proposed device are illustrated in the drawing, on which:

FIG. 1 - a device for assembling or disassembling flange connections,

FIG. 2 is a view A of FIG. one,

FIG. 3 is a section BB of FIG. 2

FIG. 4 is a view A of FIG. 1 (embodiment 1),

FIG. 5 is a section BB of FIG. 2 (embodiment 1),

FIG. 6 is a view A of FIG. 1 (embodiment 2).

The proposed device for assembling or disassembling flanged joints of pressure vessels having studs 1 to be drawn and nuts 2, comprises mounted on the base 3 devices 4 for extracting the studs, devices 5 for tightening the nuts, and also a cylinder control unit 6 (not shown) . The devices 4 include hydraulic cylinders 7 and traction 8. Each hydraulic cylinder 7 is located perpendicular to the drawn pin 1 and comprises a housing 9 with a piston 10. The hydraulic cylinder 7 can be directed both to the axis of the pressure vessel and to the opposite side. The housing 9 is connected with a fork 11 and an axis 12 to a pair of levers 13, which, in turn, through the axis 14 transmit forces to the support pads 15. Each piston 10 through the rod 16, the plug 17, the axis 18, a pair of levers 19 and the axis 14 the forces are transmitted to the supporting pads 15. An axis for the passage of the rod 16 is made in the axis 12. One of the supporting pads 15, belonging to one device for extracting the studs, interacts through the base 3 with one of the flanges, and the second with the nut 20 mounted on the rod 8. In the supporting pads 15, holes are made through which the rods 8 pass, from above on 8 witch set nut 20 and spherical washer 21. Each rod 8 mounted displacement sensor 22, which controls the magnitude of drawing a pull stud 1.

Unscrewing and tightening the nuts of the flange connection of the pressure vessel is carried out by the device 5 for tightening the nuts with the help of an electric (or manual) drive 23, through gears 24 and wrenches 25 installed in the base 3. At the top of the wrenches 25 there is a ring gear 26 to which it is transmitted rotation from the gear 24, and on the lower end of the wrench 25 there are teeth 27 included in the grooves of the nut 2 of the sealable connector. The drive 23 is equipped with a sensor that controls the angle of rotation of the drive shaft, which allows you to control the number of revolutions made by the key 25, and therefore the speed of the nut 2 of the flange connection.

The hydraulic cylinder control unit (not shown) distributes the working fluid when it is supplied to the hydraulic cylinders. The control unit has the ability to create pressure in all hydraulic cylinders simultaneously, and in groups of hydraulic cylinders in any combination.

Option 1

The embodiment of FIG. 4 and 5 is characterized in that instead of the axis 12 with the hole for the passage of the rod 16, the connection of the levers 13 is carried out by two axes 27, which also allows the passage of the rod 16.

Option 2

The embodiment of FIG. 6 differs in that the axis 12 is made without an opening for the passage of the rod 16, and in the rod 16 there is a groove through which the axis 12 passes.

The proposed device when unscrewing the nuts 2 works as follows:

- a device for assembling or disassembling flange connections is installed by a crane using a traverse on the flange of a pressure vessel. In this case, the working surfaces of the keys are combined with the nuts of the flange connection;

- to the device are connected the cables of the control system, pipelines supplying and discharging the working fluid;

- rods 8 are screwed onto the shanks of the studs 1;

- the nuts 20 are screwed onto the rods 8 all the way into the support pads 15;

- pressure is created in the working cavities of the hydraulic cylinders 7, and the studs 1 are flanged. Monitoring the magnitude of the extraction of the studs is done according to the displacement sensors 22, when the required amount of extraction is reached by the studs 1, the corresponding hydraulic cylinders 7 are cut off by the control unit and the extraction of these studs is stopped;

оборота;- after the required exhaust hood is achieved on all the studs, the actuators 23 are turned on, and the nuts 2 of the flange connection are unscrewed by

turnover;

- the pressure in the hydraulic cylinders 7 is released;

- rods 8 are turned away from the shanks of the studs 1, and nuts 2 with a drive 23 are turned away from the studs 1;

- control system cables and pipelines are disconnected, the device is dismantled from the vessel.

The operation of the device when tightening the nuts 2 is as follows:

- a device for assembling and disassembling the threaded nodes of the flange connection is installed by a crane using a traverse on the flange of the pressure vessel. Washers are pre-installed on the flange joint studs 1 and nuts 2 are screwed on. In this case, the working surfaces of the keys 25 are aligned with the flange joint nuts 2;

- to the device are connected the cables of the control system, pipelines supplying and discharging the working fluid;

- the nuts of the flange connection 2 with the drive 23 are screwed onto the studs 1 until they stop;

- rods 8 are screwed onto the shanks of the studs 1;

- the nuts 20 are screwed onto the rods 8 all the way into the support pads 15;

- pressure is created in the working cavities of the hydraulic cylinders 7, and the studs 1 are flanged. Monitoring the magnitude of the extraction of the stud 1 is carried out according to the displacement sensors 22, when the required magnitude of the extraction of the studs 1 is reached, the pressure supply to the corresponding hydraulic cylinders 7 is stopped by the control unit and the extraction of these studs is stopped;

- after the necessary hood is achieved on all the studs 1, the actuators 23 are turned on, and the flange connection nuts are turned back to the value necessary to achieve the required residual hood;

- the pressure in the hydraulic cylinders 7 is released;

- the residual exhaust is monitored; if necessary, the studs 1 are re-drawn and the nuts 2 of the flange joint are turned;

- rods 8 are turned away from the shanks of the studs 1;

- control system cables and pipelines are disconnected, the device is dismantled from the vessel.

The operation of the device according to options 1 and 2 occurs in a similar way.

The design of the device for extracting the pins in the form of hydraulic cylinders located perpendicular to the extruding pins, the body and piston of which transmit the pulling force through a system of levers, makes it possible to simplify the design of the hydraulic cylinders, making them single-stage, and, therefore, smaller and cheaper. The smaller size of the device around the circumference allows you to install such devices on each stud, which allows you to pull all the studs at the same time.

Claims (1)

A device for assembling and disassembling flange connections with studs and nuts, containing installed on the basis of the device for extracting studs with hydraulic cylinders and rods with nuts, characterized in that each device for extracting studs is made in the form of a perpendicularly drawn stud of a hydraulic cylinder, the housing and piston of which the forks and axles are connected with pairs of levers supported on two supporting platforms with axles, while one of the supporting platforms is made interacting through the base with one of the flanges, and paradise - with a nut mounted on the rod.

Images