RU2655591C2 - Hook suspension - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transportation.

SUBSTANCE: hook suspension includes a rope pulley, a traverse with a hook, restrictive plate-cheeks, and a load rope. Two-armed scrapers made in the form of a trough are mounted to the traverse on brackets on an axle. One scraper arm rests on an adjustable screw stop, and the other arm contacts the surface of the rope pulley groove. The outer surface of each scraper is identical to the surface of the rope pulley groove.

EFFECT: reducing work labour intensity, time shortening and increasing work safety during periodic tests of cranes.

1 tbl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to hook suspensions of hoisting cranes and can be used in the operation of hoisting cranes, mainly of heavy lifting capacity, operating in difficult conditions.

A hook suspension is a crane hoist designed to connect a cargo hook to a hoisting rope. In a normal hook suspension, a hook with a nut on the shank, using a thrust ball bearing with spherical washers, rests on a cross-arm, which is pivotally fixed in the holes of the earrings and protective shields. In the upper part of the earrings and shields there are holes in which the axis is fixedly mounted with the rope blocks of the chain block resting on it by means of bearings. Between the shields there is a casing bent from sheet steel, which is designed to prevent the weakened rope from falling out of the stream of the block (M.P. Aleksandrov, L.N. Kolobov, N.A. Lobov, etc.: - Hoisting machines: Textbook for universities in the specialty “Hoisting-and-transport machines.” - Moscow: Mashinostroenie, 1986; LA Nevzorov and others. Construction and operation of hoisting cranes: Textbook for the head of vocational education / LA Nevzorov, N.I. Gudkov, Polosin M.D. - M.: IRPO, "Publishing Center" Academy ", 2000).

Known hook suspension (patent RU No. 2521088 IPC B66C 1/34), which includes a pulley housing containing pulleys and the frame of the housing with a locking surface and a hook.

Also known is a hook suspension containing a housing in which a block with an axis and a beam with a hook are installed (patent RU No. 2149819 IPC B66C 1/34).

As a prototype, a hook suspension (Ushakov N.S. Bridge Electric Cranes. - 4th ed., Rev. And add. - L.: Mechanical Engineering, Leningrad. Department, 1980, pp. 51-52) containing paired between with the help of a traverse and restrictive plates-cheeks, movable by-pass rope blocks with a stream under a cargo rope and a cargo crane hook mounted on thrust bearings.

To ensure safe operation and confirmation of operability, all mechanisms of hoisting cranes, including hook pendants, are subjected to periodic technical inspection.

During operation, all hook suspensions, including the hook suspension adopted as a prototype, are periodically inspected and repaired, the purpose of which is to identify and eliminate malfunctions and defects, including defects formed on the cable block, these are:

- the presence of cracks in the flanges or knitting needles;

- spalling on flanges;

- the presence of the imprint of the rope on the creek;

- the presence of cracks in the hub of the block;

- a decrease in the wall thickness of the stream by 15-20% of the original thickness.

These defects can only be detected on the cable block, the stream of which is cleaned of dust, dirt and coked grease. Cleaning the creek of the cable block is done manually. This is difficult and sometimes unsafe work, because to completely clean the surface of the brook of the cable block (especially large diameter) with a limited access area to the surface of the brook, the worker, working with a hand tool from a step ladder or from a stand of variable height, must coordinate with the crane operator the frequency of switching on - turning off the hook suspension lifting mechanism. The table shows the dependence of the lifting height that the worker must climb to clean the surface of the stream, depending on the diameter of the cable block.

This is a disadvantage of both analogues and prototype.

The objective of the invention is to reduce the complexity, reducing the time to evaluate the performance of the rope blocks of the hook suspension and improving the safety of work.

This goal is achieved by the fact that on the hook suspension of the hoisting crane containing movable wire rope blocks coupled to each other by means of a traverse and restrictive plate-cheeks with a brook under the cargo rope and a cargo crane hook mounted on thrust bearings, on the limit plate-plates of the cable suspension above each cable block in the area free of the cargo cable has a scraper on the brackets made in the form of a two-shoulder gutter, the outer surface of which is identical to the profile rope pulley, with one shoulder on its SIMPLE adjustment stop screw, and the other stream is contacted with the surface of the rope pulley.

Distinctive features of the invention are its design features, namely:

- on the restrictive plates-cheeks of the hook suspension above each cable block in the area free of the cargo rope, a scraper is installed on the brackets;

- the scraper is made in the form of a two-shouldered gutter;

- the outer surface of the scraper is identical to the profile of the creek of the cable block;

- one shoulder of the scraper is supported by an adjustable screw stop, and the other is in contact with the surface of the creek of the cable block.

The combination of distinctive features provides a solution to the problem.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, where in FIG. 1 shows a general view of the hook suspension, in FIG. 2 is a section AA in FIG. 1, in FIG. 3 is a cross section of the BB in FIG. one.

The hook suspension 1 includes a rope block 2, a traverse with a hook 3, bounding plates-cheeks 4 and a cargo rope 5. To the traverse 4 on the brackets 6 on the axis 7 there are two-arm scrapers 8 made in the form of a groove, one shoulder of which rests on an adjustable screw stop 9, and the other shoulder is in contact with the surface of the creek of the cable block 2. The outer surface of each scraper is identical to the surface of the creek of the cable block 2. The scraper 8 is preferably made of a material having a low coefficient of friction and having a high Wear resistance, for example from caprolon. The scraper 8 is installed on the restrictive plates-cheeks 4 of the hook suspension 1 either in the factory during the manufacture of the hook suspension, with adjustment before carrying out periodic inspection and repair of the crane, or in workshop conditions immediately before carrying out these works.

Starting position and preparation of the device for work.

Brackets 6 are fixed on the restrictive plates-cheeks 4. The hook suspension 1 is lowered down. When the downward position is lowered, the scrapers 8 with screw stops 9 are adjusted so that their second shoulder comes into contact with the surface of the creek of the cable block 2.

The operation of the device for cleaning the stream of the cable block 2.

At the command of the working crane operator, the crane lifting mechanism raises the hook suspension 1 up. In this case, the rope blocks 2 are driven into rotation. A scraper 8, which is fixedly mounted relative to the rotating rope block 2, cleans the surface of the stream and directs the cleaned material, usually of a thick consistency, to the groove of the scraper. Raise the hook suspension to a height of up to

H≅ (1-2) πD,

where D is the diameter of the cable block.

When lowering the hook suspension down, the cleaned material is held in the groove of the scraper 8. Then this material is removed from the groove of the scraper and disposed of. Next, the cleaned rope unit 2 is examined for defects.

The proposed design of the hook suspension of the crane allows to significantly reduce the complexity of the work, including reduce physical activity, reduce time and increase safety.

The proposal is recommended for implementation at the enterprise.

Claims (1)

A hook suspension of a crane containing movable wire rope blocks coupled to each other by means of a traverse and restrictive plate-cheeks with a brook under a cargo rope and a cargo crane hook mounted on thrust bearings, characterized in that on the cheeks of the cable suspension above each cable block in the zone, free from the cargo rope, a scraper is installed, made in the form of a two-shouldered gutter, the outer surface of which is identical to the profile of the creek of the cable block, while one shoulder is supported on an adjustable second stop screw, and the other stream is contacted with the surface of the rope pulley.

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