RU2651494C1 - Roller-bag - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transportation.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to pneumatic lifting devices for launching, lifting from water along slips of large and small vessels of various designs: ships, motor vessels, barges, tankers, boats, and can be used in ship building and ship repair enterprises, in the sea and river fleets. For this, the roller-bag 1 is made in the form of two cones 2, in the vertices of which valves 3 with lugs 4 are installed, and a cylindrical part 5 containing a covering rubber layer 6 with a damping rubber layer 7, power frame made of high-strength fabric rubberized layers with a first layer 8 located at an angle of 0° relative to the roller bag 1 axis. Threads of the second 9 and subsequent layers are located at an angle of 45-90° relative to the roller bag 1 axis, the rubberized layers are laid in a spiral at an angle of 60-80° relative to the roller bag 1 axis, on the third 10 and the fourth 11 layers reinforcing rubber bands 12 with a width of 500-900 mm are located, which threads have an angle of 0° relative to the roller bag 1 axis.

EFFECT: technical result is increase of operation reliability due to uniform distribution of stresses from loads along the roller-bag entire surface, improvement of performance characteristics, which will allow to reduce the labour intensity of the vessels movement operation, expand the roller bag range of use for various designs and different carrying capacity of ships, and also additionally use it as a jack for lifting of the large-sized loads.

6 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to pneumatic lifting devices for launching, lifting from water along slips of large and small vessels of various designs: ships, motor ships, barges, tankers, boats, and can be used in shipbuilding and ship repair enterprises, in sea and river fleets.

Known pillow jack (see patent RU No. 2423315 C1, publ. 04.05.2010 IPC BV 3/4), including a rectangular sealed chamber of thin-walled elastic material with a fitting for supplying a working agent under pressure, an inner cover of 3-8 layers of a continuous tape of high-strength fabric with a width equal to the width of the chamber, with fastened point adhesive adhesive elastic joints, and an outer cover of a similar tape, wound also in 3-8 layers perpendicular to the tape of the inner cover with the same adhesive fastening, please the edges along the tape beyond the boundaries of the inner cover, both covers fastened at the corners of the rectangle with a through seam, and in the area of the holes for the fitting, the layers of covers are impregnated with adhesive without fastening these covers.

A disadvantage of the known analogue is the low reliability of the reinforcing covers when they are bent in the area of the connecting seams and the low strength of the seams themselves and the complexity of the design.

A jack-pillow is also known (see patent RU No. 2453492 C1, publ. December 15, 2010 IPC B66F 3/35), including a sealed chamber in the form of an equilateral triangle of thin-walled elastic material with a fitting in its corner, a cover of 5-15 layers of a continuous tape of high-strength fabric with a width corresponding to the height of the chamber triangle, wound around the camera by bending the tape at an angle of 60 ° to the longitudinal edges of the tape with a fitting wrapping around these edges, and adjacent layers are bonded mainly in the area of the dotted adhesive inscribed in the triangle circle elastic elastic joints with additional bonding of layers in the corners of a triangular cover.

The disadvantages of the known device are the design complexity, low reliability due to non-optimal stress distribution in the joints of the layers of the multilayer cover, with the location of the adhesion zones of the fabric tape, the possibility of punching the camera due to the small area of the tissue in the corners.

The closest in the set of essential features and the technical result achieved - the prototype is an elastic jack (see patent RU No. 2109635 C1, publ. 04/27/1998 IPC B29D 22/00), containing parts of the chamber in the form of caps by autoclaving them on removable mandrels, and when gluing the I-shaped hem of the edge of one cap, the edge of the second cap glued to it with an overlap is strengthened with mechanical rings.

The disadvantages of the known prototype are the difficulty of attaching the caps to each other, insufficient strength, which manifests itself in the area of gluing the overlap of the edge of one cap to the edge of another, which can lead to depressurization of the entire structure of the elastic jack.

An object of the invention is to eliminate these drawbacks, the technical result of which will be to increase the reliability of work due to the uniform distribution of stresses from loads over the entire surface of the roller bag, improve operational characteristics, which will reduce the complexity of the work on the movement of ships, expand the range of use of the roller bag for various structures and different carrying capacities of vessels, and also additionally used as a jack for lifting bulky goods.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that the roller bag, made in the form of two cones and a cylindrical part, containing a cover rubber layer and a power frame made of rubberized layers of high-strength fabric, such as nylon cord, and valves installed at the top of the cones, differs in that a damping rubber layer with a thickness of 3-7 times greater than the thickness of the rubber coating layer is rigidly fixed to the rubber cover layer, the threads of the first rubberized layer are located at an angle of 0 ° relative to the axis of the roller the threads of the second and subsequent layers are located opposite each other at an angle of 45-90 ° relative to the axis of the roller bag, the rubberized layers are laid in a spiral at an angle of 60-80 ° relative to the axis of the roller bag, reinforcing rubber bands are located on the third and fourth rubberized layers 500-900 mm wide, the filaments of which are located at an angle of 0 ° relative to the axis of the roller bag.

In order to comply with safety standards in the event of an emergency during a ship moving along roller bags, the cylindrical part is 1-5 m longer than the width of the ship being moved.

The function of the damping rubber layer is the absorption of shocks and shocks when moving the vessel on an uneven surface.

When moving the vessel through roller bags to protect the rubber cover layer and the power frame from mechanical damage in the contact area with the keel or other protruding elements of the bottom of the vessel, a damping rubber layer with a thickness 3-7 times greater than the thickness of the rubber coating layer is rigidly fixed on the cover layer .

The damping rubber layer is located on the cover rubber layer of the roller bag depending on the design of the vessel: for vessels with a keel in the center 0.3-0.5 long from the length of the cylindrical part, for ships with a flat bottom, mainly barges and tankers, with a length 0.6-0.9 of the length of the cylindrical part.

Since the use of roller bags must strictly adhere to the perpendicularity of the axis of the vessel to the axis of the roller bag, its bending and bending due to the large ratio of length to diameter are unacceptable, otherwise moving the vessel along the curved roller bags can lead to rupture of the roller bag and tipping of the vessel .

The arrangement of layers in the power cage: the threads of the first rubberized layer are located at an angle of 0 ° relative to the axis of the roller bag, the threads of the second and subsequent rubberized layers are located opposite each other at an angle of 45-90 ° relative to the axis of the roller bag and the rubberized layers are laid in a spiral at an angle 60-80 ° relative to the axis of the roller bag, prevent twisting and bending of the cylindrical part of the roller bag when pumping and feeding the working fluid, increase the strength of the power frame, ensure uniform load distribution throughout the length of the roller bag.

To increase the bond strength in the transition zone from the cylindrical part to the cone on the third and fourth rubberized layers there are reinforced rubber bands of a width of 500-900 mm, the threads of which are located at an angle of 0 ° relative to the axis of the roller bag.

To increase the fastening strength of the valves at the tops of the cone, the outer surface of the valve is rubberized and for ease of operation when summing and precisely centering the roller bag under the bottom of the vessel, eyes are installed on the valves and flexible loops are fixed along the entire length of the cylindrical part.

These distinguishing features are significant because individually and collectively aimed at achieving a technical result.

The invention is illustrated by drawings:

in FIG. 1. - the roller bag in the folded state;

FIG. 2. - general view;

FIG. 3 - view A, power frame in the context;

FIG. 4 - the location of the layers of the power frame in a spiral;

FIG. 5-6 - view B and B-C, location on the roller bag of flexible loops.

The bag bag 1 (Fig. 1 and 2) is made in the form of two cones 2, at the tops of which there are valves 3 with eyes 4, and a cylindrical part 5 containing a cover rubber layer 6 (Fig. 2 and 3) with a damping rubber layer 7 , a power frame made of rubberized layers of high-strength fabric with the first layer 8 located at an angle of 0 ° relative to the axis of the roller bag 1, the threads of the second 9 and subsequent layers (Fig. 4) are located at an angle of 45-90 ° relative to the axis of the roller bag 1, rubberized layers are laid in a spiral at an angle of 60-80 ° relative to the axis of the roller bag 1, t with a strainer 10 and a fourth 11 layers (Fig. 3) are reinforced rubber bands 12 with a width of 500-900 mm, the threads of which are located at an angle of 0 ° relative to the axis of the roller bag 1.

Along the entire length of the cylindrical part 5, flexible loops 13 are fixed (Figs. 5 and 6).

The roller bag is operated as follows.

To work on moving a specific vessel of a certain carrying capacity and design, an appropriate set of roller bags is selected with technical indicators in diameter, length, working internal pressure, the number of layers of rubberized high-strength fabric, and the location of the damping rubber layer.

Initially, the roller bag 1 is a flat bag folded in several rows. Before pumping it out and put it in a cone 2 under the bottom of the vessel. Then the cable is hooked to the eyes 4 and flexible loops 13 and set and centered relative to the longitudinal or transverse axis of the vessel. The roller bag 1 is inflated through valves 3, while the selection of the angles of the rubberized layers 8, 9, 10, 11, the combination of their location and the laying of the layers in a spiral do not allow the roller bag 1 to rotate and bend, the working medium is completely filled, mainly compressed air throughout the internal volume of the roller bag 1 and, accordingly, the rise of the bottom of the vessel. Then the next roller bag is installed, and the process is repeated until the entire vessel rises on the roller bags 1.

Preliminary tests of prototypes of roller bags when lifting vessels of different carrying capacities showed a proven safety factor of 5-10, roller bags have high reliability and durability, which ensures industrial applicability.

Claims (6)

1. Roller bag made in the form of two cones and a cylindrical part containing a rubber cover layer and a power frame made of rubberized layers of high-strength fabric, such as nylon cord, and valves installed at the top of the cones, characterized in that the rubber cover layer is rigidly fixed a damping rubber layer with a thickness of 3-7 times greater than the thickness of the coating rubber layer, the threads of the first rubberized layer are located at an angle of 0 ° relative to the axis of the roller bag, the threads of the second and subsequent layers are located opposite falsely to each other at an angle of 45-90 ° relative to the axis of the roller bag, the rubberized layers are laid in a spiral at an angle of 60-80 ° relative to the axis of the roller bag, reinforcing rubberized tapes 500-900 mm wide are located on the third and fourth rubberized layers, the threads of which located at an angle of 0 ° relative to the axis of the roller bag. 2. A bag roller according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylindrical part has a length of 1 to 5 m greater than the width of the vessel being moved. 3. The roller bag according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer surface of the valves is rubberized. 4. The roller bag according to claim 1, characterized in that the eyes are installed on both valves. 5. The roller bag according to claim 1, characterized in that flexible loops are fixed on the cylindrical part. 6. Roller bag according to claim 1, characterized in that the damping rubber layer is located on the cover rubber layer, depending on the design of the vessel: for vessels with a keel in the center 0.3-0.5 of a length from the length of the cylindrical part, for vessels with flat bottom, mainly barges and tankers, with a length of 0.6-0.9 of the length of the cylindrical part.

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