RU2649915C1 - Method of influencing a hurricane (cyclone, typhoon) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: blasting operations.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of technologies for combating a hurricane in the interests of protecting the population from it by interrupting the development of its capacity. Method of impact on a hurricane, cyclone, typhoon includes the implementation of an explosive effect in case of a threat of reaching a wind speed of 20–30 m/s at the calculated points on the circle, covering the continuous cloud cover of the hurricane at a distance of 20–30 km from it in the upper part of the troposphere. At the same time, an explosive effect is produced in the "thermal towers". These explosive effects are carried out in series with a time interval expressed in minutes and equal to the height of the explosive effect in the upper part of the troposphere, expressed in kilometers.

EFFECT: technical result of the invention is the creation of conditions that exclude the hurricane's energy supply.

4 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of hurricane control technologies in the interests of protecting the population from it by interrupting the development of its capacity.

Of the existing methods of dealing with hurricanes are known:

- the method of bombarding clouds adjacent to the center of a hurricane using explosives [“Hurricane and how to deal with it” - http://maxpark.com/community/88/content/4866375],

- a method involving exposing a hurricane to the “eye” with vacuum bombs [http://masterotvetov.com/estestvennye-nauki/45994-kak-uchenye-predlagajut-borotsja-s-uraganami.html].

There is also a method of weakening hurricanes (typhoons) (a.s. N 568033, class G01W 1/00, publ. 05.08.77), in which, in order to more fully suppress the energy of the hurricane, downward movements are created in its central zone, exerting explosive action in series along concentric circles separated from the "eye" of the hurricane and from each other at a distance of about 10-15 km and in increments along circles of no more than 5-10 km, selected as a prototype.

The main disadvantage of the prototype (and all the mentioned methods) is that to suppress the energy of the hurricane, there is not enough energy of the explosions used, since clouds saturated with moisture, adjacent to the center of the hurricane and, in fact, representing the body of the hurricane, and having a large kinetic energy, are exposed to explosive impact energy, "extinguish" which is impossible even by the use of explosions commensurate with atomic ones.

It is known that when the wind speed in a tropical storm reaches 119 km / h, then it is officially considered a hurricane (typhoon).

The technical result of the claimed invention is to create conditions that exclude replenishment of a hurricane with energy from its peripheral areas by carrying out explosions at design points of a hurricane using non-shell type explosives discharged from aircraft (aircraft), contributing to the dissipation of hurricane energy and, as a result, the transfer of a hurricane in the discharge of the storm. Moreover, according to the invention, preliminarily determine all the necessary characteristics and parameters of the hurricane, namely:

- parameters of the developing hurricane: the diameter of the continuous cloudiness of the hurricane, the speed and direction of translational movement of the "center" of the hurricane, the diameter of the estimated circle of the explosions, covering the continuous cloudiness of the hurricane at a distance of 20-30 km from it,

- the presence of "thermal towers" with elevated temperatures relative to the surrounding background;

- determine the wind speed in the surface layer of the atmosphere, making sure that it grows and reaches 20-35 m / s or more;

- calculate the coordinates of the areas of the explosions taking into account the flight time of each aircraft and the parameters of the developing hurricane and set them in the coordinate system associated with the Earth,

- determine the number of explosions in each calculated area of their implementation (depending on the degree of development of the hurricane).

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that in the method of impact on a hurricane, including the implementation of explosive impact, according to the invention, the explosive effect is carried out when threatening wind speeds in the surface layer of 20-35 m / s are reached, at design points on a circle that encloses a continuous cloud cover of a hurricane at a distance of 20-30 km from it in the upper part of the troposphere, while the distance between the calculated points can be 40-50 km with the simultaneous implementation of explosive action in eplovyh towers ", wherein these explosive impact series performed with a time interval, expressed in minutes and is numerically equal to the height of the explosive impact, expressed in kilometers.

Each series of explosions is carried out in the same airspace with an acceptable radius of deviation from the selected point of the explosion, not exceeding 500 m, while the interval in the series consisting of two to five explosions is a value expressed in minutes and equal to the height of the explosions measured in kilometers.

Additionally, the required number of explosions is simultaneously carried out in areas found using infrared equipment, the position of which is determined by the most elevated temperature values relative to the surrounding background - the so-called "thermal towers" and their frequency of occurrence over time of a developing hurricane, respectively.

Explosive action can be carried out, for example, by dropping explosives from aircraft from the estimated height and taking into account the time the falling device detonates the estimated height of the explosions, and preferably simultaneously at all points.

Explosive action at calculated points on a circle covering continuous cloudiness simultaneously with the explosive action in “thermal towers” in the upper part of the troposphere allows us to solve the problem of “pacifying” a hurricane in one calculated time interval, depriving it of energy recharge.

This explosive effect leads to the creation of conditions in the area of explosions to change the direction of movement of the air masses of warm moist air in the layer from the predominant horizontal to the direction mainly vertical, i.e. to the "pipe effect". Such a change in the direction of movement of moist air will contribute to intensive cloud formation in the area of explosions, the size of which (about 4 km) will significantly exceed those that are formed directly during the explosion of explosives at sea level. The clouds thus created condensed on the products of successive explosions are ridges of clouds perpendicular to the direction of the jet stream — they will contribute to a significant reduction in the areas of explosions of the high-speed pressure of the wind, which forms the body of the hurricane and “nourishes” it with energy. Particularly important in this case is an increase in the temperature of the airspace in places and at the heights of the clouds formed. The latter circumstance will lead to a decrease in the temperature gradient between the center of the hurricane and its periphery, which ultimately will also contribute to the weakening of the hurricane [Matveev L.T. General meteorology course. Physics of the atmosphere / L.T. Matveev. - L .: Gidrometeoizdat, 1984].

The implementation of explosive action at calculated points on a circle covering the continuous cloudiness of a hurricane precisely at a distance of 20-30 km from it in the upper part of the troposphere allows us to take into account the progressive movement of the hurricane along the Earth's surface, to predict and calculate the points and time of the explosive action.

A necessary condition for providing explosive convection of moist air masses to great heights with subsequent cloud formation in the form of ridges of clouds is the choice of a certain time interval in a series of explosions. This time interval is determined by the time that condensed moisture formed after each explosion falls onto the surface of the ocean (the rate of fall of condensation products is about 1 km / min).

The implementation of a series of explosive actions with a time interval expressed in minutes and equal to the height of the explosive action on a circle covering a continuous cloud of a hurricane at a distance of 20-30 km from it in the upper part of the troposphere, expressed in kilometers, is caused by the fact that during this time the falling products moisture condensation on the products of the explosion reaction will reach the surface of the ocean, cooling the surface layer of water, and the planes carrying out the bombing will have time to move to the area of the next explosion around awns covering hurricane or in the nearby area thermal tower. This movement can be 40-50 km.

The total number of consecutive explosions in one area of space, to ensure explosive convection of moist air masses at high altitudes with subsequent cloud formation in the form of ridges of clouds, does not exceed 3-5, depending on the degree of development of the hurricane. And on the surface of the ocean, the considered regime will lead to cooling of the surface of the ocean by precipitated condensed moisture on the products of explosions each time with a diameter of about 4 km, forming a cooled surface of the ocean with a total length of about 16-20 km, which also prevents the development of cloudiness in the surface layer of the ocean that occurs when the difference temperatures of the ocean and near-surface air layers at least 4 degrees.

The number of design points for the implementation of explosive action depends on the parameters of the developing hurricane: the diameter of the continuous cloudiness of the hurricane, the speed and direction of translational motion of the "center" of the hurricane, the diameter of the circle covering the continuous cloudiness of the hurricane at a distance of 20-30 km from it, which can be previously determined using specialized equipment deployed on satellites and aircraft.

Such a preliminary determination of the parameters of a developing hurricane: the diameter of a continuous cloud of a hurricane, the speed and direction of translational motion of the “center” of a hurricane, the diameter of a circle covering a continuous cloud of a hurricane at a distance of 20-30 km from it, is necessary in order to determine the coordinate system associated with the Earth the number and coordinates of the calculation centers of the areas necessary for the implementation of explosions.

Explosive actions are carried out at calculated points, taking into account the flight time of each aircraft to its calculated point, the time it takes to maneuver the flight to the next calculated point (or return to its same point) and the parameters of the developing hurricane.

Settlement points are selected on a circle covering the continuous cloud cover of a hurricane at a distance of 20-30 km from it, with a step along this circle 40-50 km.

The parameters of a developing hurricane can be determined by known technical means.

Modern methods for the study of hurricanes using measuring equipment on TRMM satellites and aircraft have made it possible to clarify the picture of the power amplification of a developing hurricane. It is generally believed [Satellies spot "hot towers" in Hurricane Katrina. Kelly Young, http://space.newscientist.com/article/dn7828-satellites-spot-hot-towers-in-hurricane-Katrina.html], which are formed and detected in the body and in the spirals of a hurricane, the so-called "thermal towers »Appear immediately before the moment the power of the hurricane is amplified. In these formations of a limited size, moisture is condensed (it turns into cloudiness, which originates from the ocean surface) with the release of heat and the appearance of powerful convection currents. These processes must also be interrupted. For this, it is necessary to additionally carry out explosions in the upper troposphere in regions and at altitudes of the airspace of the hurricane, which have pronounced elevated temperature values relative to the surrounding background.

Explosive effects are carried out simultaneously - at calculated points on a circle covering continuous cloud cover at a distance of 20-30 km from it and in the "thermal towers", the position of which is determined using infrared equipment. On airplanes, you can search and influence thermal towers using thermal imaging equipment, although basic data can also be determined using specialized satellites.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows a conditional image of a hurricane (its body and spiral ridges of clouds), FIG. 2 shows a radar image of a cloud ridge formed as a result of the explosions, and FIG. 3 shows the position of the formed ridge of clouds after 15 minutes; in FIG. 4 shows the position of the formed ridge of clouds after 35 minutes; FIG. 5 shows an image of clouds formed in the explosions in a vertical plane obtained using a radar altimeter.

In FIG. 1-5 numbers indicate:

1 - symbol of the spiral cloudiness occurring during a hurricane;

2 - direction of progressive movement of the hurricane;

3 - areas for conducting a series of explosions in the space between the spiral-shaped strips of hurricane clouds and in the thermal towers of spiral-shaped clouds;

4 - location of the previous explosion and cloud formation;

5 - cloudiness formed (in the form of a ridge of clouds), formed as a result of a series of explosions;

6 - the direction of rotation of clouds around the central part of the hurricane;

7 - the displaced position of the formed clouds (ridges of clouds) after 15 minutes;

8 - displaced position of the formed cloudiness after 35 minutes.

The proposed method is based on the recorded effect of induced cloud formation using successive high-altitude explosions with TNT equivalent of 800-1000 kg in the same airspace at an altitude of 8 km, with an interval of 8 minutes when conducting physics research in the USSR in the 80s atmosphere.

Weather conditions for the experiment: the rear part of the cyclone, the wind speed in the surface layer (20-35) m / s. The fragment shown in FIG. 2, successive explosions preceded in accordance with the experimental conditions described above. About 10 minutes after the last explosion of the P-12 radar (radar), the process of intense cloud formation was recorded due to explosive convection of a moist air mass from the level of the explosive area to a height of 11,000 m, which lasted about 2-3 minutes.

The resulting cloudiness 5 due to the use of explosions 10 minutes after the end of the exposure is shown in Fig.2. Cloud cover 5 is a series of clouds 40-45 km long.

Since all the processes took place in the immediate vicinity of the radar location, the rest, not indicated in FIG. 2 radar marks belong to the so-called "locals" - reflections from the near-surface layer.

The resulting cloud 5 after 15 minutes after its appearance on the radar screen has moved to position 7 (see Fig. 3).

The resulting cloudiness 5 35 minutes after it appeared on the radar screen, moved to position 8 and partially dispersed (see Fig. 4).

Radar observations also involved a radar altimeter operating in the decimeter wavelength range. Using this altimeter, it was possible to determine the lower and upper boundaries of the main part of the formed cloud. They were respectively 5000 m and 11000 m (see Fig. 5). In FIG. 5 shows the cross section of the upper tier of the cloud 5 formed. As the cloud 5 formed, the radar marks on the radar indicator became less pronounced (Fig. 4) (8), and gaps began to appear on the radar altimeter indicator (Fig. 5) in the observed radar image. 40-50 minutes after the cloud formation process, the radar marks disappeared from the radar screen. After about 60 minutes, the cloudiness formed ceased to be observed on the screen of the radar altimeter. During cloud formation and in the future, the wind speed decreased markedly. It began to make up a value equal to (7-9) m / s, and ice crumb fell to the surface under the area of explosions. When applying the proposed method under conditions of higher temperatures of the lower atmosphere in the equatorial zone of the Earth, it can be expected that the ice crumb formed in the upper layers of the troposphere will melt and cold ocean will reach the surface of the ocean, performing the function of decreasing the temperature gradient, and thereby depriving the hurricane energizing.

Claims (4)

1. The method of exposure to a hurricane, cyclone, typhoon, including the implementation of explosive exposure, characterized in that the explosive effect is carried out when there is a threat of reaching a wind speed of 20-30 m / s at design points on a circle covering continuous cloud cover of a hurricane at a distance of 20-30 km from it in the upper part of the troposphere simultaneously with the explosive action in the "thermal towers", while these explosive actions are carried out in series with a time interval expressed in minutes and equal to the height of the explosion th exposure at the top of the troposphere, expressed in kilometers. 2. The method of impact on a hurricane, cyclone, typhoon according to claim 1, characterized in that the explosive effect is carried out using explosives, while the mass of a conventional explosive substance at each explosion is 900-1000 kg in TNT equivalent, made in a shell-free version. 3. The method of impact on a hurricane, cyclone, typhoon according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that each series of explosions is carried out in the same area of air space with an acceptable radius of deviation from the selected point of explosion not exceeding 500 m, while the interval in a series consisting of two to five explosions, is a value expressed in minutes and equal to the height of the explosions, measured in kilometers. 4. The method of exposure to a hurricane, cyclone, typhoon according to any one of paragraphs. 1-3, characterized in that additionally the simultaneous required number of explosions is carried out in areas found using infrared equipment, the position of which is determined by the most elevated temperature values relative to the surrounding background - the so-called "thermal towers" and their frequency of occurrence over time of a developing hurricane, respectively.

Images