RU2648253C1 - Electrically conducting composition for protection against technogenic radiation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: manufacturing technology.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to manufacture of materials for protection against various types of radiation, which ensure the maximum possible reduction of radiation effects on operating personnel and electrical equipment in operation. Electrically conducting composition contains the following components, in wt%: cement – 28.0÷30.0; soot – 9.0÷10.0; gravel – 14.0÷17.0; sand – 30.0÷33.0; mixture of polyethylene glycol ethers of mono- and dialkylphenols – 0.28÷0.3; water – the rest.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to achieve a more even distribution of the voltage potentials in the known electrical conducting compositions in use, which reduce the radiation effects on personnel and electrical equipment in operation.

1 cl, 2 tbl

Description

The proposed technical solution relates to the field of creating protection elements from various technogenic radiation, providing the maximum possible reduction of their effects on the functioning of technical equipment and biological objects.

Similar technical solutions are known, see, for example, patent of the Russian Federation No. 2172989, which proposes an electrically conductive composition for the manufacture of radiation-protective walls, partitions and plaster mortars intended for biological protection of personnel and which contains the following set of components (features), wt. %:

- cement - 11 ÷ 15;

- heavy filler in the form of iron ore concentrate - 38 ÷ 58;

- barite filler - 25 ÷ 30;

- plasticizer - 0.1 ÷ 0.2;

- water the rest.

Common features of the proposed technical solution and the above are:

- cement;

- heavy filler;

- small filler;

- plasticizer;

- water.

An electrically conductive composition is also known, see the patent of the Russian Federation, No. 2172989, which proposes an electrically conductive composition for protection against radiation and which is selected as the closest analogue, prototype and which contains the following components, wt.%:

- cement - 7 ÷ 15;

- coarse aggregate (magnetite) - 44 ÷ 74;

- fine aggregate (magnetite - 15 ÷ 37;

- plasticizing additive - 0.1 ÷ 014;

- water - the rest.

Common components (features) of the prototype and the proposed technical solutions are:

- cement;

- coarse aggregate;

- fine aggregate;

- plasticizing additive;

- water.

The technical result, which cannot be achieved by any of the above-described technical solutions, is to achieve a more uniform distribution of voltage potentials in the (operated) known conductive compositions that reduce the effects of various types of radiation on personnel and operating electrical equipment.

The reason for the impossible achievement of the above technical result is that the known conductive compositions do not provide an even distribution of voltage potentials during operation and do not provide the maximum possible reduction in the impact of various types of radiation on personnel and equipment in use, and also do not provide the necessary and sufficient selection of components and their ratios included in the known types of conductive compositions.

Given the characteristics and analysis of known technical solutions, we can conclude that the task of creating electrically conductive compositions that provide the greatest possible reduction in the impact of various types of radiation on personnel and equipment in use is relevant today.

The analysis of the known technical solutions showed that none of them contains both the totality of the features of the proposed technical solution, and distinctive features, which allowed us to conclude that the technical solution proposed for patenting is new and inventive.

The technical result indicated above is achieved by the fact that the electrically conductive composition containing cement, heavy filler, light filler, plasticizer and water is provided with soot in the following ratio of components, wt. %:

- cement - 28.0 ÷ 30.0;

- soot - 9.0 ÷ 10.0;

- gravel - 14.0 ÷ 17.0;

- sand - 30.0 ÷ 33.0;

- a mixture of polyethylene glycol ethers of mono - and dialkylphenols - 0.28 ÷ 0.3;

- water the rest.

The introduction of soot in the proposed conductive composition and the change in the quantitative ratios of the components that make up the conductive composition provide a reliable and uniform distribution of soot particles and their adhesion to other parts that are part of the proposed conductive composition, which, in turn, ensures uniform distribution of potentials voltage in the operating known conductive composition and the maximum possible reduction of the effects of radiation on the serving s staff and operated electric. What is the achievement of the above technical result.

The use of cement is less than 28.0 wt. % leads to the production of conductive concrete of insufficient strength, and the use of cement more than 30.0 wt. % leads to overuse of cement to obtain conductive concrete.

The use of carbon black is less than 9.0 wt. % leads to insufficiently high electrical conductivity of concrete, and the use of soot more than 10.0 wt. % leads to an excess of soot in the obtained conductive concrete and a decrease in the strength of the composition.

The use of gravel is less than 14.0 wt. % leads to the production of conductive concrete of insufficiently high strength, and the use of gravel more than 16.0 wt. % leads to its cost overrun to obtain conductive concrete.

The use of sand is less than 30.0 wt. % leads to insufficient strength of the obtained conductive concrete, and the use of sand more than 33.0 wt. % leads to its cost overrun in the manufacture of conductive concrete.

Using a mixture of polyethylene glycol esters of mono- and dialkylphenols less than 0.28 wt. % does not provide the necessary electrical conductivity of concrete, and the use of a mixture of polyethylene glycol ethers of mono- and dialkylphenols and more than 0.3 wt. % leads to its overspending.

The use of water that does not exceed 100% of the components included in the mixture of the concrete conductive composition leads to insufficient quality of the mixture of the conductive composition, and the use of water in excess of 100% of the components included in the mixture of the concrete conductive leads to increase the curing time of the mixture of concrete conductive composition.

Thus, from the above justifications of the boundary values of the components of the proposed conductive composition, it follows that the technical result is achieved only in the range of boundary values and is not achieved beyond.

The technology for obtaining the conductive composition is as follows.

The cyclic type concrete mixer is loaded with the required initial dry components that are part of the electrically conductive composition and mixed for 5-7 minutes.

At the same time, the required amount of water is measured, in which the corresponding amount of a mixture of polyethylene glycol ethers of mono- and dialkylphenols is dissolved.

An aqueous solution of a mixture of polyethylene glycol esters of mono- and dialkylphenols is introduced into the mixed dry mixture of the electrically conductive composition and the entire composition is thoroughly mixed for ten minutes.

The prepared mixture is placed in the appropriate form and compacted on a vibrating stand.

The molded product is maintained at a temperature of 20 ÷ 25 ° C for eight hours, after which it is heated in a steaming chamber at a temperature of 98 ÷ 100 ° C and get the finished product from the proposed conductive composition.

To confirm the achievement of the technical result, three samples were prepared and tested (see table. 1 and table. 2)

Testing of samples made from the proposed conductive composition was carried out in accordance with GOST 10180-78. The bulk density of the mixtures was determined according to GOST 12730.1-78. Measurements of the attenuation coefficient of radiation were carried out on a semiconductor gamma spectrometer certified by the State Standard.

Thus, the proposed conductive composition, by introducing soot into the prototype and changing the percentage of its constituent components, provided during operation of products based on the proposed conductive composition a more uniform distribution of voltage potentials and ensured the maximum possible reduction in the impact of various types of radiation on personnel and operating equipment.

Claims (2)

An electrically conductive composition for protection against industrial emissions, containing cement, a heavy filler, a light filler, a plasticizer and water, characterized in that it is equipped with soot in the following ratio of components, wt. %: cement 28.0 ÷ 30.0 soot 9.0 ÷ 10.0 gravel 14.0 ÷ 17.0 sand 30.0 ÷ 33.0 a mixture of polyethylene glycol ethers of mono- and dialkylphenols 0.28 ÷ 0.3  water rest