RU2643518C1 - Technical detergent and method of its manufacture - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: detergent is described, which is a concentrate containing a surface-active nonionic substance that is oxyethylated monoalkylphenols based on the propylene trimmers, monoethanolamine, tributyl phosphate, and water in the following content of components (wt %): oxyethylated monoalkylphenol 67±5; monoethanolamine 9±0.5; tributyl 15±1.0; water - the rest up to 100%. Preferably as a nonionic surfactant nonionic substance-oxyethylated monoalkylphenols based on propylene trimmers it contains Neonol AF9-10, as tributylamine it contains tributyl ester of phosphoric acid, and optionally, the concentrate contains an antifoam polydimethylsiloxane (wt %): 0.1-1.0.

EFFECT: expanding the arsenal of technical means, creating a technical detergent with a high cleaning power, moderate foaming and corrosion protection.

11 cl, 2 tbl, 5 ex

Description

The claimed group of inventions relates to the composition and manufacturing technology of technical detergents, which are mixtures of nonionic compounds, namely the manufacture of a liquid concentrate TMS technical detergent (TMS), which can be used to clean metal surfaces from oil, dirt and grease, for example , before phosphating and coating operations. The proposed detergent and method of its manufacture can be used in the automotive, engineering and other industries.

A known composition for cleaning metal surfaces from contaminants, containing soda ash, surfactants and activating additives, characterized in that the surfactant contains potassium or sodium salt of dialkylphenylpolyethylene glycol ether of phosphoric acid, and / or sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate, and / or potassium or sodium salt of stearic acid and / or tall soap and / or ethoxylated monoalkylphenol and / or ethoxylated fatty alcohol of fraction C ₁₀ -C ₁₆ and / or potassium or sodium salt of isononylphenylpolyethylene glycol sulfuric acid ester. As an activating additive, the composition contains sodium sulfate in an amount of 0-12.5 wt. % .; as an activating additive contains tripolyphosphate in an amount of 0-55.0 wt. % .; as an activating additive contains monoethanolamine in an amount of 0-1.0 wt. % .; as an activating additive contains sodium metasilicate in an amount of 0-29.0 wt. %; as an activating additive contains octyl alcohol in an amount of 0-4.0 wt. % [RU 2002125427].

Known detergent composition for cleaning a metal surface, containing, by weight. %: trisubstituted sodium phosphate 8-11, disubstituted sodium phosphate 18-22, sodium tetraborate 8-10, synthetic polyglycol ether of fatty alcohols (syntanol) 1-3, aqueous 3.5-5% solution of salts of alkylphosphoric acids (syntaphth) 0.01-3.5, compounds from the series: ethoxylated monononylphenol based on propylene trimers, monoethanolamine salt of 2-ethyl ester of alkylphosphoric acid, acetal alkylphenylpolyoxyethylene glycol no more than 6, soda ash up to 100. The composition has low foaming and good detergent NOSTA, but its disadvantage is the low wettability and high processing temperature [RU 2155799].

The closest technical solution in terms of technical detergent is a tool containing, by weight. %: soda ash 29-45, sodium tripolyphosphate 15-52, trisodium phosphate 15-25, ethoxylated monoalkylphenol based on propylene trimers containing 12 mol of ethylene oxide (neonol AF 9-12) 3-4 and ethoxylated monoalkylphenol based on propylene trimers containing in the molecule 6 mol of ethylene oxide (neonol AF 9-6) 3-4 [RU 2041927, prototype].

The closest technical solution in terms of the method is a method of manufacturing a technical detergent by means of multi-stage mixing of the components. The liquid components of the technical detergent tributyl phosphate and monoethanolamine are loaded into the tank, the surfactant syntamide-5 is fed into the tank, and dissolving-mixing is performed using a submersible rotary pump in the mode: pump rotor speed is 350 rpm, room temperature, rotation time - 2.5 hours. The resulting mixture is pumped into a mixer equipped with an anchor or frame mixer, and the final mixing of all components of the detergent is carried out in the following mode: number of revolutions of the mixer mixer - 3 5 rpm, temperature - 75 ° C, rotation time - 2.5 hours until a mixture is homogeneous throughout the volume. The finished mixture is poured into a container. Thus, the surfactant is first dissolved by mixing it in the following mode: pump rotor speed 350-450 rpm, room temperature, rotation time 1.5-2.5 hours with liquid detergent components, and then the final mixing of all components in the mode: the number of revolutions of the mixer 35-45 rpm, the temperature 65-75 ° C, the rotation time of 1.5-2.5 hours [RU 2146281, prototype].

The disadvantages of the known tools and methods are low stability - a relatively quick partial decomposition and grinding of the finished product during storage, as well as the narrowness of functionality, since they do not have sufficient efficiency in cleaning oil and oil contaminants at low concentrations of detergent., A large number of components of the product , not sufficiently high washing and wetting abilities, significant foaming, poor anticorrosion properties, the possibility of forming the use of an undesirable gel-forming residue, as well as the duration and high energy consumption in the manufacture of the product, and, ultimately, a decrease in the productivity of technological equipment. The use of high concentration surfactants is limited by the loss of flocculent or lamellar consistency during storage of the mesophase.

The technical problem for solving with the help of this group of inventions related by a single inventive concept is the creation of an effective technical detergent with advanced functionality for quick cleaning of difficult and highly contaminated surfaces and the method of its manufacture, as well as the expansion of the arsenal of technical detergents and manufacturing methods.

The technical result, which provides a solution to a technical problem, when using this group of inventions consists in obtaining a more uniform detergent structure with increased stability for precipitation of the mesophase, with enhanced functionality in relation to oil and oil components, as well as mixtures of pollutants from the group: solidol, lanolin, emulsifier, sunflower oil, oleic acid, reducing the range of components of the product, which simultaneously has a high washing and wetting vayuschey ability at low-temperature processing and moderate (low) foaming, and anti-corrosion properties, and does not create a gel-like residue, the method implemented by simple equipment with minimal energy costs.

The essence of the invention in terms of technical detergent is that it is a concentrate containing a surface-active nonionic substance, which is an ethoxylated monoalkylphenols based on propylene trimmers, monoethanolamine, tributyl phosphate and water, with the following components (in wt.%):

ethoxylated monoalkylphenols 67 ± 5 monoethanolamine 9 ± 0.5 tributyl phosphate 15 ± 1,0 water the rest is up to 100%

Preferably, as a surfactant non-ionic substance - ethoxylated monoalkylphenols based on propylene trimmers - it contains Neonol AF9-10.

Preferably, as tributyl phosphate, it contains phosphoric acid tributyl ester.

Preferably, the concentrate is made with the possibility of dilution to a working concentration in the form of a 2% aqueous solution.

Preferably, the concentrate further comprises a defoamer polydimethylsiloxane (in wt.%): 0.1-1.0.

The essence of the invention in terms of the method of manufacturing the above-described means consists in mixing the starting components for which the components of the TMS concentrate are sequentially introduced into the mixture at their following content (in wt.%): Non-ionic surfactant, which is ethoxylated monoalkylphenols based on propylene trimmers 67 ± 5; then monoethanolamine 9 ± 0.5, and after them tributyl phosphate 15 ± 1.0, the rest water up to 100%, carried out after preheating to 40-45 ° C in the mixer at a mixer rotation speed of 350-450 rpm within 1.0-1.5 hours and a temperature of 50-60 ° C until the formation of TMS concentrate in the form of a homogeneous mixture without sediment and odor, after which the quality indicators of the obtained TMS concentrate and its working 2% aqueous solution are monitored and considered suitable for use in confirming that all quality indicators are within acceptable Roedel.

Preferably, polydimethylsiloxane defoamer (in wt.%): 0.1-1.0 is added to the concentrate before water is introduced.

Preferably, the mixing is carried out in an enameled mixer using an anchor mixer.

Preferably, the mixing is carried out in an enameled mixer using a frame mixer.

Preferably, the concentrate is diluted with water to a working concentration of 2%.

Preferably, control the following indicators of the obtained TMS concentrate and its working 2% aqueous solution:

- the appearance of the TMS concentrate and 2% solution is a transparent homogeneous liquid, odorless, without a gel-like precipitate;

- the washing ability of a 2% solution is 96-98%;

- the acidity of a 2% solution is pH = 10.0-10.5.

The technical detergent concentrate (hereinafter referred to as the technical detergent - TMS) contains a non-ionic surfactant, which is ethoxylated monoalkylphenols based on propylene trimmers, monoethanolamine, tributyl phosphate and water, with the following components (in wt.%): Ethoxylated monoalkylphenols, for example Neonol AF9-10, where 10 is the average number of moles of ethylene oxide attached to a mole of alkyl phenol 67, monoethanolamine 9, tributyl phosphate 15, water the rest is up to 100%. In preferred embodiments, the TMS further comprises polydimethylseloxane (PDMS-200) 0.1-1.0.

The composition and content of the components are determined by their properties.

Oxyethylated monoalkylphenols are a technical mixture of isomers of oxyethylated alkyl phenols based on propylene trimers with higher biodegradability. The alkyl radical in it is more than 92 wt.% In the para-position relative to the hydroxyl group of phenol, which contributes to an increase in biodegradability.

As a surface-active non-ionic substance (ethoxylated monoalkylphenols) containing a component with the production name Neonol AF9-10, where 10 is the average number of moles of ethylene oxide attached to a mole of alkyl phenol. An example of a structural formula:

Neonol AF9-10 is a water-soluble nonionic surfactant, but it is soluble in some organic solvents, including oil. When mixed with cold water forms difficultly soluble gels, which disappear when the mixture is heated above 50 ° C with stirring. The production technology of Neonols, and, therefore, the proposed detergent, can be attributed to a virtually waste-free technology. The price is 100-120 rubles / kg.

Monoethanolamine (2-aminoethanol, the trivial name is colamine). An example of a structural formula: (HO — CH ₂ CH ₂ —NH ₂ ).

Monoethanolamine is prepared by reacting ammonia or aqueous ammonia with ethylene oxide. Miscible with water, has strong alkaline properties. The average price is 90 rubles / kg.

Tributyl phosphate is a tributyl ester of phosphoric acid, TBP. Miscible with most organic solvents, sparingly soluble in water (39 g / l at 19 ° C); water solubility of tributyl phosphate at 25 ° C 70 g / l.

Tributyl phosphate is relatively resistant to hydrolysis, oxidizing agents, bases and most acids. Structural Formula Example

The tributyl phosphate extractant in the proposed TMS additionally has the properties of separating rare-earth elements (REE) and transuranium elements, extracting metals from spent nuclear fuel, and concentrating trace amounts of metals (Au, Fe, Ce, Sc, U, transuranic elements). The average price is 280 rubles / kg.

Polydimethylsiloxane - antifoam E 900 - a silicone fluid with a low surface tension, which is a linear polymer of dimethylsiloxane.

Technical detergent is obtained in the form of a TMS concentrate by mixing the starting components, for which the components are sequentially introduced into the mixture at the following content (in wt.%): Ethoxylated monoalkylphenols 67 ±; then monoethanolamine 9 ±, and after them tributyl phosphate 15 ±, water the rest is up to 100%, carried out after preliminary heating to 40-45 ° C in a heated mixer apparatus at a stirrer speed of 350-450 rpm and a temperature of 50-60 ° C within 1.0-1.5 hours until the formation of TMS concentrate in the form of a homogeneous mixture without a gel-like precipitate and odorless. Preferably, before mixing, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS-200) is used, used in the food industry as an additive E 900, in an amount of 0.1-1.0. Mixing is carried out using an anchor or frame mixer.

After that, control the quality indicators of the obtained TMS concentrate and its working 2% aqueous solution and consider it suitable for use.

At the same time, the following indicators of the obtained TMS concentrate and its working 2% aqueous solution are controlled:

- the appearance of the TMS concentrate and 2% solution is a transparent homogeneous liquid, odorless, without a gel-like precipitate. At low temperatures, slight opalescence is possible;

- the washing ability of a 2% solution is 96-98%;

- the initial height of the column of foam H ₀ = 600-800 mm, the height of the column of foam after 5 minutes H ₅ = 600-800 mm, foam resistance H ₅ / H ₀ = 0,98-0,99;

- anticorrosive properties of a 2% solution - confirmed (verification by drop method);

- the acidity of a 2% solution is pH = 10.0-10.5.

The resulting concentrate or part of the TMS concentrate is diluted to a working concentration of 2% and poured into containers.

Examples No. 1-5 of the preparation of TMS are given below.

In all examples, the assessment of the washing ability and foaming of the proposed TMS was carried out on samples - substrates (metal steel), prepared as follows: first, the substrate was cleaned with a washing solution, then washed with water, then degreased with ethyl alcohol and dried in an oven. Then, conservation grease was applied to the substrate using a spatula on both sides. A test TMS washing solution of 2% was poured into a part washing glass and heated to a predetermined temperature. After that, the substrate was fixed on the axis of the engine, lowered into a glass with a washing solution and rotated for 20 minutes (engine rotation speed was 96 rpm). After the specified time, the substrate was removed from the washing solution, rinsed with water and dried at room temperature. The washing ability (MS) was determined by the formula:

Where:

P ₁ is the mass of the substrate with the applied pollution, g;

P ₂ is the mass of the substrate after washing, g;

P ₀ is the mass of the initial substrate, g.

The foaming ability of the proposed TMS in all examples was evaluated using the RT-1 device (tissue grinder). A washing solution of a 2% solution of TMS concentrate was placed in a glass of the device, the engine was turned on for 30 seconds at a rotor speed of 4000 rpm and the height of the foam column (mm) was determined. The foaming ability was measured in a 2% solution in a volume of 200 cm ^{3 of} liquid. Foaming ability was determined at 20 ° C. Foam is formed as a result of intensive mixing of the solution and the air above it. Foam helps to retain washed away contaminants in the solution and prevents the reverse deposition of contaminants on the surface from which it was removed. However, an excess of foam would require additional washing of the treated surface.

The foaming ability of a solution is the amount of foam expressed by its volume (cm ³ ) or column height (m), which is formed from a given constant volume of the foaming solution, subject to the standard conditions of foaming for a constant time.

The test results of the foaming ability are shown in table. one.

The anticorrosion properties in all examples were tested for a 2% TMS solution by the drop method. An apparatus was used to determine the anticorrosive properties of lubricating oils according to the procedure described in GOST 19199-73.

Given the real unavoidable production errors of mass and volume measurements for testing, the components of the TMS concentrate were mixed (in wt.%):

ethoxylated monoalkylphenols 67 ± 5 monoethanolamine 9 ± 0.5 tributyl phosphate 15 ± 1,0 polydimethylsiloxane 0.1-1.0 water the rest is up to 100%

The acidity of a 2% TMS solution was evaluated in the usual way.

The appearance and odor of TMS concentrate and a 2% TMS solution in all examples were evaluated visually and organoleptically.

Example 1. The initial components were mixed, for which the components were sequentially introduced into the mixture at the following content (in wt.%): Ethoxylated monoalkylphenols (Neonol AF9-10, where 10 is the average number of moles of ethylene oxide attached to a mole of alkyl phenol) 63; then monoethanolamine 9.5, followed by tributyl phosphate 15.5, the rest water up to 100% (without antifoam), carried out after preliminary heating to 40 ° C in the mixer at a mixer rotation speed of 400 rpm and a temperature of 55 ° C for 1.5 hours until the formation of TMS concentrate in the form of a homogeneous mixture without sediment and odor.

Obtained in this example, TMS showed the following characteristics:

- the appearance of the TMS concentrate and 2% solution is a transparent homogeneous liquid, odorless, without a gel-like precipitate;

- the washing ability of a 2% solution was 96.83%;

- the foaming ability of a 2% solution was H ₀ = 800 mm;

- anti-corrosion properties of a 2% solution - confirmed;

- the acidity of a 2% solution was pH = 10.1.

Example 2. The initial components were mixed, for which the components were sequentially introduced into the mixture at the following content (in wt.%): Ethoxylated monoalkylphenols (Neonol AF9-10) 66; then monoethanolamine 9.2, and after them tributyl phosphate 15.2, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS-200) 0.1; the rest of the water is up to 100%, carried out after preheating to 45 ° C in the mixer at a stirrer speed of 350 rpm and a temperature of 50 ° C for 1.0 hour until the formation of TMS concentrate in the form of a homogeneous mixture without sediment and odor.

Obtained in this example, TMS showed the following characteristics:

- the appearance of the TMS concentrate and 2% solution is a transparent homogeneous liquid, odorless, without a gel-like precipitate;

- the washing ability of a 2% solution was 97.54%;

- the foaming ability of a 2% solution was H ₀ = 560 mm;

- anti-corrosion properties of a 2% solution - confirmed;

- the acidity of a 2% solution was pH = 10.2.

Example 3. The initial components were mixed, for which the components were sequentially introduced into the mixture at the following content (in wt.%): Ethoxylated monoalkylphenols (Neonol AF9-10) 67; then monoethanolamine 9, followed by tributyl phosphate 15, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS-200) 0.5; the rest of the water is up to 100%, carried out after preheating to 40 ° C in the mixer at a mixer rotation speed of 450 rpm and a temperature of 60 ° C for 1.0 hour until the formation of TMS concentrate in the form of a homogeneous mixture without sediment and odor.

Obtained in this example, TMS showed the following characteristics:

- the appearance of the TMS concentrate and 2% solution is a transparent homogeneous liquid, odorless, without a gel-like precipitate.

- the washing ability of a 2% solution was 96.74%;

- the foaming ability of a 2% solution was H ₀ = 600 mm;

- anti-corrosion properties of a 2% solution - confirmed;

- the acidity of a 2% solution was pH = 10.3.

Example 4. The initial components were mixed, for which the components were sequentially introduced into the mixture at the following content (in wt.%): Ethoxylated monoalkylphenols (Neonol AF9-10) - 69; then monoethanolamine 8.5, followed by tributyl phosphate 14, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS-200) 1.0, the rest water up to 100%, carried out after preheating to 45 ° C in the mixer at a stirrer speed of 350 rpm / min and a temperature of 55 ° C for 1.5 hours until the formation of TMS concentrate in the form of a homogeneous mixture without sediment and odor.

Obtained in this example, TMS showed the following characteristics:

- the appearance of the TMS concentrate and 2% solution is a transparent homogeneous liquid, odorless, without a gel-like precipitate.

- the washing ability of a 2% solution was 97.09%;

- the foaming ability of a 2% solution was H ₀ = 600 mm;

- anti-corrosion properties of a 2% solution - confirmed;

- the acidity of a 2% solution was pH = 10.1.

Example 5. The initial components were mixed, for which the components were sequentially introduced into the mixture at the following content (in wt.%): Ethoxylated monoalkylphenols (Neonol AF9-10) - 72; then - monoethanolamine - 8.5, tributyl phosphate - 14.5, polydimethylseloxane (PDMS-200) - 0.1, water up to 100%, carried out after preheating to 45 ° C in the mixer at a mixer rotation speed of 350 rpm and a temperature of 55 ° C for 1.5 hours before the formation of the concentrate in the form of a homogeneous mixture without sediment and odor.

Obtained in this example, TMS showed the following characteristics:

- the appearance of the concentrate and 2% solution is a transparent homogeneous liquid, odorless, without a gel-like precipitate.

- the washing ability of a 2% solution was 97.09%;

- the foaming ability of a 2% solution was H ₀ = 600 mm;

- anti-corrosion properties of a 2% solution - confirmed;

- the acidity of a 2% solution was pH = 10.1.

Table 2 shows the optimal performance inherent in the claimed TMS.

As follows from tables 1 and 2, the proposed composition has a good washing ability and gives a foam reduction of 1.4 times, so that it can be successfully used in the most efficient jet washing machines. The proposed detergent retains its original structure without change for a long period of time when stored in industrial premises, as well as when stored in warehouses at low temperatures. According to this indicator, the proposed detergent significantly exceeds the prototype, regardless of the concentration of active substances in the washing solution. The proposed composition is essentially a detergent concentrate with a water content of not more than 8.9%. It has good technological properties, maintains physical stability during storage, and is easily dosed by dispensers of any type. Due to the selected ratio of the TMS components and the parameters of the cooking method, the physicochemical structure of the TMS is formed, which has optimal characteristics that allow solving the technical problem and achieving the necessary technical result.

Claims (15)

1. Technical detergent, which is a concentrate containing a surface-active nonionic substance, which is an ethoxylated monoalkylphenols based on propylene trimmers, monoethanolamine, tributyl phosphate and water, with the following components (in wt.%): ethoxylated monoalkylphenols 67 ± 5 monoethanolamine 9 ± 0.5 tributyl phosphate 15 ± 1,0 water the rest is up to 100% 2. The tool according to p. 1, characterized in that as a surface-active nonionic substance - ethoxylated monoalkylphenols based on propylene trimmers - it contains Neonol AF9-10. 3. The tool according to any one of paragraphs. 1, 2, characterized in that as tributyl phosphate, it contains tributyl ester of phosphoric acid. 4. The tool according to any one of paragraphs. 1, 2, characterized in that the concentrate is made with the possibility of dilution to a working concentration in the form of a 2% aqueous solution. 5. The tool according to any one of paragraphs. 1, 2, characterized in that the concentrate further comprises a defoamer polydimethylsiloxane (in wt.%): 0.1-1.0. 6. A method of manufacturing a tool according to any one of paragraphs. 1-5, which consists in mixing the starting components, for which the components of the TMS concentrate are sequentially introduced into the mixture at their following content (in wt.%): Non-ionic surfactant, which is ethoxylated monoalkylphenols based on propylene trimmers 67 ± 5; then monoethanolamine 9 ± 0.5, and after them tributyl phosphate 15 ± 1.0, the rest water up to 100%, carried out after preheating to 40-45 ° C in the mixer at a mixer rotation speed of 350-450 rpm within 1.0-1.5 hours and a temperature of 50-60 ° C until the formation of TMS concentrate in the form of a homogeneous mixture without sediment and odor, after which the quality indicators of the obtained TMS concentrate and its working 2% aqueous solution are monitored and considered suitable for use in confirming that all quality indicators are within s limits. 7. The method according to p. 6, characterized in that before the introduction of water into the concentrate add antifoam polydimethylsiloxane (in wt.%): 0.1-1.0. 8. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 6, 7, characterized in that the mixing is carried out in an enameled apparatus-mixer using an anchor mixer. 9. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 6, 7, characterized in that the mixing is carried out in an enameled apparatus-mixer using a frame mixer. 10. The method according to any one of paragraphs. 6, 7, characterized in that the concentrate is diluted with water to a working concentration of 2%. 11. The method according to p. 10, characterized in that it controls the following indicators of the obtained TMS concentrate and its working 2% aqueous solution: - the appearance of the TMS concentrate and 2% solution is a transparent homogeneous liquid, odorless, without a gel-like precipitate; - the washing ability of a 2% solution is 96-98%; - the acidity of a 2% solution is pH = 10.0-10.5.