RU2641998C1 - Method of controlling the level of charging the pneumatic accumulator of a two-motor engine with external combustion chamber - Google Patents

Method of controlling the level of charging the pneumatic accumulator of a two-motor engine with external combustion chamber Download PDF

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Publication number
RU2641998C1
RU2641998C1 RU2016146001A RU2016146001A RU2641998C1 RU 2641998 C1 RU2641998 C1 RU 2641998C1 RU 2016146001 A RU2016146001 A RU 2016146001A RU 2016146001 A RU2016146001 A RU 2016146001A RU 2641998 C1 RU2641998 C1 RU 2641998C1
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Prior art keywords
combustion chamber
external combustion
pneumatic accumulator
level
air
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RU2016146001A
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Russian (ru)
Inventor
Анатолий Александрович Рыбаков
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Анатолий Александрович Рыбаков
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L9/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically
    • F01L9/10—Valve-gear or valve arrangements actuated non-mechanically by fluid means, e.g. hydraulic
    • F01L9/16—Pneumatic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B33/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps for charging or scavenging
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G3/00—Combustion-product positive-displacement engine plants
    • F02G3/02—Combustion-product positive-displacement engine plants with reciprocating-piston engines

Abstract

FIELD: engines.
SUBSTANCE: invention relates to two-stroke engines with an external combustion chamber. Concept of the invention consists in the fact that a two-stroke engine with an external combustion chamber includes a pneumatic accumulator, control system and a valve to release excess air into the atmosphere. To match the level of charging of the accumulator with the engine power set and the optimum excess air factor, the control system opens the valve for discharging excess air into the atmosphere at the time. When the pressure in the pneumatic accumulator reaches a level, at which the required pressure of air supplied to the external combustion chamber is ensured.
EFFECT: technical result consists in higher engine efficiency.
1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

ОБЛАСТЬ ТЕХНИКИFIELD OF TECHNOLOGY

Изобретение относится к области энергомашиностроения.The invention relates to the field of power engineering.

УРОВЕНЬ ТЕХНИКИBACKGROUND

Ближайший аналог заявленного изобретения патент 2398118 «Поршневой двигатель с внешней камерой сгорания».The closest analogue of the claimed invention patent 2398118 "Piston engine with an external combustion chamber."

При пуске двигателя (см. чертеж) в камеру сгорания 1 форсункой 2 подается топливо и воспламеняется свечой зажигания 3. Продукты сгорания из внешней камеры сгорания 1 через открытый впускной клапан 4 поступают в надпоршневую полость силового поршня 5, и он под действием продуктов сгорания начинает движение вниз, которое кривошипно-шатунным механизмом 6 преобразуется во вращательное движение соединительного вала 7, через который передается кривошипно-шатунному механизму поршня компрессора 8 таким образом, что поршень компрессора 9 движется вверх. Сжимаемый в надпоршневой полости поршня компрессора 9 воздух через обратный клапан 10 поступает во внешнюю камеру сгорания 1 и пневмоаккумулятор 11, пополняя расход воздуха во внешней камере сгорания 1 в процессе горения топлива и заряжая пневмоаккумулятор 11. Площадь силового поршня 5 больше площади поршня компрессора 9, и поэтому давление сжимаемого воздуха на входе во внешнюю камеру сгорания 1 больше, чем давление продуктов сгорания на ее выходе. После того как силовой поршень 5 окажется в нижней мертвой точке, а поршень компрессора 9 в верхней мертвой точке, кинетическая энергия маховика 12 меняет направление движения обоих поршней. При движении поршня компрессора 9 в нижнюю мертвую точку воздух из атмосферы через обратный клапан 13 засасывается в надпоршневую полость поршня компрессора 9. Одновременно система управления переводит впускной клапан 4 в закрытое (левое) положение, а выпускной клапан 14 в открытое (правое) положение, и при движении силового поршня 5 в верхнюю мертвую точку отработавшие продукты сгорания из надпоршневой полости силового поршня 5 через выпускной клапан 14 выбрасываются в атмосферу. После прибытия силового поршня 5 в нижнюю мертвую точку, а поршня компрессора 9 в верхнюю мертвую точку система управления снова переводит впускной клапан 4 в открытое положение, а выпускной клапан 14 в закрытое положение, и начинается очередной рабочий такт.When starting the engine (see drawing), fuel is injected into the combustion chamber 1 by the nozzle 2 and ignited by the spark plug 3. The combustion products from the external combustion chamber 1 through the open intake valve 4 enter the over-piston cavity of the power piston 5, and it starts to move under the action of the combustion products down, which is converted by the crank mechanism 6 into the rotational movement of the connecting shaft 7, through which the piston of the compressor 8 is transmitted to the crank mechanism so that the piston of the compressor 9 moves erh. Compressed air in the piston cavity of the compressor piston 9 through the check valve 10 enters the external combustion chamber 1 and the pneumatic accumulator 11, replenishing the air flow in the external combustion chamber 1 during fuel combustion and charging the pneumatic accumulator 11. The area of the power piston 5 is larger than the area of the compressor piston 9, and therefore, the pressure of the compressed air at the inlet to the external combustion chamber 1 is greater than the pressure of the combustion products at its outlet. After the power piston 5 is at bottom dead center and the compressor piston 9 is at top dead center, the kinetic energy of flywheel 12 changes the direction of movement of both pistons. When the compressor piston 9 moves to bottom dead center, air from the atmosphere through the check valve 13 is sucked into the piston cavity of the compressor piston 9. At the same time, the control system puts the intake valve 4 in the closed (left) position and the exhaust valve 14 in the open (right) position, and when the power piston 5 moves to the top dead center, the exhaust products of combustion from the over-piston cavity of the power piston 5 through the exhaust valve 14 are released into the atmosphere. After the arrival of the power piston 5 to the bottom dead center, and the compressor piston 9 to the top dead center, the control system again puts the intake valve 4 in the open position, and the exhaust valve 14 in the closed position, and the next working cycle begins.

ЦЕЛЬ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯOBJECT OF THE INVENTION

Цель заявленного изобретения - обеспечить управление уровнем зарядки пневмоаккумулятора двухтактного двигателя с внешней камерой сгорания.The purpose of the claimed invention is to provide control of the charge level of the pneumatic accumulator of a two-stroke engine with an external combustion chamber.

СУЩНОСТЬ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯSUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Сущность изобретения поясняется на основе принципа действия поршневого двигателя с внешней камерой сгорания, патент 2398118.The invention is illustrated on the basis of the principle of operation of a piston engine with an external combustion chamber, patent 2398118.

С уменьшением задаваемой мощности двигателя необходимо соответственно уменьшать и массу подаваемого во внешнюю камеру сгорания 1 воздуха из пневмоаккумулятора 11. Однако при движении поршня компрессора 9 из нижней мертвой точки в верхнюю в пневмоаккумулятор 11 подается вся масса воздуха, находящаяся в надпоршневой полости поршня компрессора 9. Таким образом, в пневмоаккумулятор 11 поступает масса воздуха, превышающая ту, которая требуется для обеспечения оптимального значения коэффициента избытка воздуха на переходных режимах - при мощности, меньшей максимальной. В результате происходят нерациональные расходы энергии и ресурса - кривошипно-шатунный механизм поршня компрессора 9 испытывает избыточные нагрузки, через зазор между цилиндром и поршнем компрессора 9 происходит сверхнеизбежная утечка воздуха, и дополнительная потеря тепла через стенки цилиндра. Для соответствия уровня зарядки пневмоаккумулятора 11 с задаваемой мощностью двигателя и оптимального значения коэффициента избытка воздуха система управления открывает клапан выброса воздуха 16 в момент времени, когда давление в пневмоаккумуляторе 11 достигнет уровня, при котором обеспечивается требуемое давление подаваемого во внешнюю камеру сгорания 1 воздуха, излишек воздуха выбрасывается в атмосферу.With a decrease in the set engine power, it is necessary to correspondingly reduce the mass of air supplied to the external combustion chamber 1 from the pneumatic accumulator 11. However, when the piston of the compressor 9 moves from the bottom dead center to the upper pneumatic accumulator 11, the entire mass of air in the over-piston cavity of the piston of the compressor 9 is supplied. Thus, the air accumulator 11 receives a mass of air exceeding that which is required to ensure the optimal value of the coefficient of excess air in transient conditions - with power less than maximum. As a result, irrational expenditures of energy and resource occur - the crank mechanism of the piston of the compressor 9 experiences excessive loads, an inevitable air leakage occurs through the gap between the cylinder and the piston of the compressor 9, and additional heat loss through the cylinder walls. To match the charge level of the pneumatic accumulator 11 with the set engine power and the optimal value of the excess air coefficient, the control system opens the air exhaust valve 16 at the time when the pressure in the pneumatic accumulator 11 reaches a level at which the required pressure of the excess air supplied to the external combustion chamber 1 is provided emitted into the atmosphere.

РАСКРЫТИЕ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯSUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Способ управления уровнем зарядки пневмоаккумулятора двухтактного двигателя с внешней камерой сгорания, включающего поршень компрессора, внешнюю камеру сгорания, пневмоаккумулятор, систему управления и клапан выброса излишка воздуха в атмосферу, при этом из пневмоаккумулятора подают воздух во внешнюю камеру сгорания, отличающийся тем, что для соответствия уровня зарядки пневмоаккумулятора воздухом, подаваемым из компрессора, с задаваемой мощностью двигателя и оптимального значения коэффициента избытка воздуха путем уменьшения массы подаваемого во внешнюю камеру сгорания воздуха система управления открывает клапан выброса излишка воздуха в атмосферу в момент времени, когда давление в пневмоаккумуляторе достигнет уровня, при котором обеспечивается требуемое давление подаваемого во внешнюю камеру сгорания воздуха.A method of controlling the charge level of a pneumatic accumulator of a two-stroke engine with an external combustion chamber, including a compressor piston, an external combustion chamber, a pneumatic accumulator, a control system and a valve for releasing excess air into the atmosphere, while air is supplied from the pneumatic accumulator to an external combustion chamber, characterized in that to match the level charging the pneumatic accumulator with the air supplied from the compressor, with a given engine power and the optimal value of the coefficient of excess air by reducing the mass When the air supplied to the external combustion chamber is controlled, the control system opens the valve to release excess air into the atmosphere at the moment when the pressure in the pneumatic accumulator reaches a level at which the required pressure of the air supplied to the external combustion chamber is ensured.

ТЕХНИЧЕСКАЯ ПРИМЕНИМОСТЬ ИЗОБРЕТЕНИЯTECHNICAL APPLICABILITY OF THE INVENTION

Затраты на НИОКР заявленного изобретения не могут значительно отличаться от таковых при проектировании и отработке классических ДВС.The cost of research and development of the claimed invention cannot differ significantly from those in the design and development of classic internal combustion engines.

ГРАФИЧЕСКИЙ МАТЕРИАЛGRAPHIC MATERIAL

Чертеж. Принципиальная схема двухтактного двигателя с внешней камерой сгорания.Drawing. Schematic diagram of a two-stroke engine with an external combustion chamber.

1 - внешняя камера сгорания; 2 - форсунка; 3 - свеча зажигания; 4 - газораспределительный клапан; 5 - силовой поршень; 6 - кривошипно-шатунный механизм силового поршня; 7 - соединительный вал; 8 - кривошипно-шатунный механизм поршня компрессора; 9 - поршень компрессора; 10, 13 - обратные клапаны; 11 - пневмоаккумулятор; 12 - маховик; 14 - выпускной канал; 15 - вал отбора мощности: 16 - клапан выброса воздуха.1 - external combustion chamber; 2 - nozzle; 3 - spark plug; 4 - gas distribution valve; 5 - power piston; 6 - crank mechanism of the power piston; 7 - connecting shaft; 8 - crank mechanism of the compressor piston; 9 - compressor piston; 10, 13 - check valves; 11 - pneumatic accumulator; 12 - flywheel; 14 - exhaust channel; 15 - power take-off shaft: 16 - air discharge valve.

Claims (1)

Способ управления уровнем зарядки пневмоаккумулятора двухтактного двигателя с внешней камерой сгорания, включающего поршень компрессора, внешнюю камеру сгорания, пневмоаккумулятор, систему управления и клапан выброса излишка воздуха в атмосферу, при этом из пневмоаккумулятора подают воздух во внешнюю камеру сгорания, отличающийся тем, что для соответствия уровня зарядки пневмоаккумулятора воздухом, подаваемым из компрессора, с задаваемой мощностью двигателя и оптимального значения коэффициента избытка воздуха путем уменьшения массы подаваемого во внешнюю камеру сгорания воздуха система управления открывает клапан выброса излишка воздуха в атмосферу в момент времени, когда давление в пневмоаккумуляторе достигнет уровня, при котором обеспечивается требуемое давление подаваемого во внешнюю камеру сгорания воздуха.A method of controlling the charge level of a pneumatic accumulator of a two-stroke engine with an external combustion chamber, including a compressor piston, an external combustion chamber, a pneumatic accumulator, a control system and a valve for releasing excess air into the atmosphere, while air is supplied from the pneumatic accumulator to an external combustion chamber, characterized in that to match the level charging the pneumatic accumulator with the air supplied from the compressor, with a given engine power and the optimal value of the coefficient of excess air by reducing the mass When the air supplied to the external combustion chamber is controlled, the control system opens the valve to release excess air into the atmosphere at the moment when the pressure in the pneumatic accumulator reaches a level at which the required pressure of the air supplied to the external combustion chamber is ensured.
RU2016146001A 2016-11-23 2016-11-23 Method of controlling the level of charging the pneumatic accumulator of a two-motor engine with external combustion chamber RU2641998C1 (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2680279C1 (en) * 2018-06-20 2019-02-19 Анатолий Александрович Рыбаков Method of controlling the coefficient of the excess of air in the external combustion camera of a free-piston energy module with the external combustion chamber
RU2680289C1 (en) * 2018-06-20 2019-02-19 Анатолий Александрович Рыбаков Method of controlling the level of charging the pneumatic accumulator of the free-piston energy module with an external combustion chamber
RU2684152C1 (en) * 2018-05-29 2019-04-04 Анатолий Александрович Рыбаков Method of air supply to external combustion chamber of two-stroke engine with external combustion chamber of several compressor above-piston cavities

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2416344A1 (en) * 1978-02-02 1979-08-31 Kovacs Andre INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH SEPARATE COMPRESSION AND EXTENSION CHAMBER
GB2183730A (en) * 1985-11-26 1987-06-10 Gordon Philip Hobday Charging internal combustion reciprocating piston engine
RU2178090C2 (en) * 1996-04-15 2002-01-10 Ги Негр Method of operation of internal combustion engine
RU2324060C1 (en) * 2006-07-19 2008-05-10 Анатолий Александрович Рыбаков Free-piston gas generator of ducted jet engine with two compressor-drive pistons
RU2398118C1 (en) * 2009-04-20 2010-08-27 Анатолий Александрович Рыбаков Piston engine with external combustion chamber

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2416344A1 (en) * 1978-02-02 1979-08-31 Kovacs Andre INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH SEPARATE COMPRESSION AND EXTENSION CHAMBER
GB2183730A (en) * 1985-11-26 1987-06-10 Gordon Philip Hobday Charging internal combustion reciprocating piston engine
RU2178090C2 (en) * 1996-04-15 2002-01-10 Ги Негр Method of operation of internal combustion engine
RU2324060C1 (en) * 2006-07-19 2008-05-10 Анатолий Александрович Рыбаков Free-piston gas generator of ducted jet engine with two compressor-drive pistons
RU2398118C1 (en) * 2009-04-20 2010-08-27 Анатолий Александрович Рыбаков Piston engine with external combustion chamber

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2684152C1 (en) * 2018-05-29 2019-04-04 Анатолий Александрович Рыбаков Method of air supply to external combustion chamber of two-stroke engine with external combustion chamber of several compressor above-piston cavities
RU2680279C1 (en) * 2018-06-20 2019-02-19 Анатолий Александрович Рыбаков Method of controlling the coefficient of the excess of air in the external combustion camera of a free-piston energy module with the external combustion chamber
RU2680289C1 (en) * 2018-06-20 2019-02-19 Анатолий Александрович Рыбаков Method of controlling the level of charging the pneumatic accumulator of the free-piston energy module with an external combustion chamber

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