RU2635463C1 - Compression-distraction apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: compression-distraction apparatus contains support rings connecting their bars with nuts, spoke holders and standard spokes, sliders for bars or spoke holders with a locking bolt. Spoke holders are made in the form of bolts with inclined grooves for spokes and nuts. The support rings are made of an elastically deformable material, for example a tape of thin-walled spring steel sheet, the linear dimension of which is much larger than the transverse one. At one end of a tape on the longitudinal axis of symmetry, a screw protrusion with a nut is made, which allows screw fixation of the diametrically selected support ring size, and on the other ring, coaxially with the screw protrusion, a number of interfacing fixing holes is provided, the distance between which corresponds to the possibility of execution of an apparatus of the required diameter size: small, medium, large. The said sliders are provided with load-bearing shelves with a bore for a bar or a spoke holder and a rectangular through hole for a tape with a width of at least two thicknesses of a support ring tape with a gap. The axis of the hole for a bar or a spoke holder is parallel to the widest planes of the slot, the sliders are able to move around the circumference of the support ring and lock.

EFFECT: reduced nomenclature of apparatuses according to the sizes corresponding to different age groups of patients, shortened time of apparatus assembly at the site of application and labour costs due to optimized design and composition.

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Description

The invention relates to medical equipment, namely to devices for osteosynthesis.

Known compression and distraction apparatus for osteosynthesis of the design G.A. Ilizarova, containing supporting rings, vertically oriented rods in the form of telescopic or screw rods, standard knitting needles, fasteners and spoke holders in the form of knots for adjusting and fixing the supporting rings and spokes [1]. The spokes are located crosswise, in the same plane and perpendicular to the axis of the mating bone fragments. The support rings are located relative to each other in several tiers along the axis of the bone fragments.

However, this compression-distraction apparatus has a great complexity in manufacturing, significant metal consumption and weight. The assembly process of the apparatus, at the place of its imposition, requires considerable time and labor. The device has limited possibilities in changing the position of the spokes during their circular movements relative to the support rings, as well as in ensuring their constant tension during the subsequent treatment due to the absence of elastic deformation of the support rings, which requires the use of auxiliary devices for tensioning the spokes.

In addition, the known design of the apparatus makes it difficult to use in the treatment of bone fractures in patients of different age groups (children, adolescents, adults) who have a large variation in the circumference of injured limbs, which requires a significant range of devices according to sizes corresponding to a particular age group of patients .

Closest to the technical nature of the present invention is a compression-distraction apparatus containing support rings, rods, standard knitting needles and spoke holders, fasteners in the form of nodes of adjustment and fixation of support rings, rods and knitting needles [2].

However, despite a certain optimization of the design of the apparatus by weight and ensuring constant tension of the spokes, the process of assembling the apparatus at the place of application requires considerable time and labor. This is due to the fact that the one-piece connection of the joints of the clamps (plates) with concentrically arranged supporting paired rings obtained by welding causes a stress state arising along the generatrix of each of the rings made of elastically deformable bar material, and, accordingly, their spatial deformation (see . [2], Fig. 2), requiring significant power overcoming when assembling the apparatus. In addition, the known design of the apparatus makes it difficult to use in the treatment of bone fractures in patients of different age groups (children, adolescents, adults) with a significant variation in the circumference of injured extremities, which requires a large nomenclature of apparatus for sizes corresponding to one or another of their age groups of patients .

The objective of the invention is to reduce the nomenclature of devices by size, corresponding to different age groups of patients, the assembly time of the device at the place of application and labor costs by optimizing its design and composition.

This object is achieved in that in a compression-distraction apparatus containing support rings connecting their rods to nuts, spoke holders and standard spokes, characterized in that it has sliders for rods or spoke holders with a fixing bolt, spoke holders are made in the form of bolts with inclined grooves for knitting needles and nuts, support rings are made of elastically deformable material, for example, from a tape of thin-walled sheet spring steel, whose linear size is much larger than the transverse one at the end of the tape, on the longitudinal axis of symmetry, a screw protrusion with a nut is made, which allows screw fixing of the diametrically selected support ring, and on its other ring, coaxially with the screw protrusion, a number of fixing holes mating with it are made, the distance between which corresponds to the possibility of performing an apparatus variant required diametric size from the series: small, medium, large, the mentioned sliders are made with load-bearing shelves with an opening for a rod or spoke holder and a rectangular through hole under the tape with a width of at least two thicknesses of tapes bearing ring with a clearance, the axis of the hole for the rod or spitsederzhatelya planes parallel to the widest slot slides are movable along the circumference of the support ring and fixing.

Additionally, the invention is illustrated graphic material, where:

in FIG. 1 shows a compression-distraction apparatus, general view (isometry);

in FIG. 2 shows a scan of a support ring of elastically deformable material (a tape of thin-walled sheet spring steel, hereinafter - a tape of spring steel);

in FIG. 3 shows the first tier of the support rings of the compression-distraction apparatus (view A in FIG. 1);

in FIG. 4 shows a slider that acts as a support for the rod (section BB in Fig. 3);

in FIG. 5 shows a slider serving as a support for a spoke holder (section BB in FIG. 3);

in FIG. 6 shows a slider that acts as a support for the spoke holder (section GG in FIG. 3);

in FIG. 7 shows a screw connection of a spring steel lap tape overlapping forming a support ring (DD section in FIG. 3).

The compression-distraction apparatus contains (Fig. 1-Fig. 7) standard spokes 1 (knitting needles 1), support rings 2 (made of spring steel tape), rods 3, spoke holders 4, sliders 5 (perform the function of support for rods 3), sliders 6 (perform the function of support for the spoke holders 4).

The sliders 5 and sliders 6 for pairing and moving relative to the circumference of the support rings 2 are provided with a rectangular hole 7, the dimensions of which allow a spring steel tape to pass through it (with a gap) both in height and in width (at least two tape thicknesses). The sliders 5 (Fig. 4) are equipped with a supporting shelf 8 with an opening for adjusting the position of the rod 3, fixed by nuts 9, as well as a bolt 10 that allows you to fix the required position of the sliders 5 and the associated rods 3 on the circumference of the support ring 2. Sliders 6 (Fig. 5, Fig. 6) are equipped with a supporting shelf 11 with an opening for installing a spoke holder 4, including a fixing bolt 12 with an inclined groove 13 under the spoke 1, as well as a nut 14. The sliders 6 are equipped with a bolt 15, which allows fixing the necessary position of the sliders 6 and associated them needles 4 on okr 2. The sliders 5 and 6 with the corresponding load-bearing shelves 8 and 11 and the rectangular through hole 7 for the tape are made in such a way that the axis of the hole for the rod or spoke holder in the sliders 5 and 6 is parallel to the widest planes of the slot. In addition, on each of the support rings 2 made of spring steel tape, on the longitudinal axis of symmetry is made: on one side of the tape (Fig. 2, Fig. 7) there is a screw protrusion 16 with a nut 17, which allows fixing the selected diametrical size of the support ring 2, and on the other side of the tape (Fig. 2), on the longitudinal axis of symmetry with a screw protrusion 16, a series of fixing holes 18 are formed that are mated to it (when forming the support ring 2), the distance between which corresponds to the possibility of making the apparatus of the required diametrical size RA from a number of sizes: small, medium, large.

The apparatus is used as follows.

After holding the specified position of the spokes 1 relative to the mating bone fragments in the fracture area, the apparatus is mounted.

To do this, on the deployed tapes of spring steel, designed to form the required number of tiers of support rings 2, string in the selected sequence the sliders 5, which function as a support for the rods 3, and the sliders 6, which function as a support for the spoke holders 4. Location of the supporting planes of the bearing shelves 8 (sliders 5) and load-bearing shelves 11 (sliders 6) are selected so that subsequently after pairing by means of rods 3 between themselves the required number of support rings 2 and placing them relative to bone fragments n luchit spatial structure of the apparatus shown in FIG. 1. Taking into account the osteosynthesis of a patient of a certain age group, an annular deformation of unfolded tapes of spring steel with an overlap is carried out and the required diameter of the support rings 2 corresponding to the required size of the apparatus is formed. The selected frame size of the support rings 2 is fixed from a number of sizes: small, medium or large, by screw connection of the protrusion 16 with the necessary fixing hole 18 located on the deformed spring steel strip, which determines the diametric size of the support ring required for osteosynthesis 2. Connection of needles 1 with the support ring 2 as follows. The sliders 6 are placed on the support ring 2 in the projections of the paths of the intersection of the needles 1 with the holders 4. The needles 1 are placed in the inclined grooves 13 of the fixing bolts 12 mounted on the supporting shelves 11 of the sliders 6 and tightened with nuts 14. The final fixation of the position of the holders 4 is carried out by the fixing bolt 15 the position of the sliders 6 and the associated spoke holders 4 on the circumference of the support ring 2. The support rings 2 are connected to each other along the axis of the bone fragments of the fracture region by means of rods 3 missing of opening of the loading ledges 8 of the slide 5 arranged circumferentially bearing rings 2. This compression and distraction are produced by means of nuts 9, located on bars 3.

Thus, the design of the proposed device and its composition allow, by using one device during osteosynthesis in patients of different age groups, to expand the option of reconfiguring it to the patient’s diametrical size of the device from a number of sizes: small, medium, large (with a decrease in metal consumption and weight), and also reduce time, reduce labor costs and simplify the process of assembling the device at the place of application. At the same time, due to the use of elastic deformation of the support rings made of an elastic deformable spring made of spring steel, with the possibility of changing the diametric size over a wide range, as well as groups of sliders for various functional purposes, the implementation of conditions ensuring constant tension of the spokes during the subsequent treatment of the patient is ensured.

Information sources

1. USSR author's certificate No. 538710 "Compression-distraction apparatus G.A. Ilizarova ", cl. A61B 17/18, 1974.

2. USSR author's certificate No. 984468 "Compression-distraction apparatus", cl. A61B 17/18, 1981.

Claims (1)

A compression-distraction apparatus containing support rings connecting their rods to nuts, spoke holders and standard knitting needles, characterized in that it has sliders for rods or spoke holders with a fixing bolt, spoke holders made in the form of bolts with inclined grooves for knitting needles and nuts, support rings made of elastically deformable material, for example, from a tape of thin-walled sheet springy steel, the linear size of which is much larger than the transverse, while at one end of the tape, on the longitudinal axis of symmetry, a screw protrusion with a nut is filled, which allows screw fixing of the diametrically selected support ring, and on its other ring, coaxially with the screw protrusion, a number of fixing holes are made that are mated with it, the distance between which corresponds to the possibility of making a variant of the apparatus of the required diametric size from the series: small, medium, large, the said sliders are made with load-bearing shelves with an opening for a rod or spoke holder and a rectangular through hole for a tape with a width of at least two thicknesses you support ring with a clearance, the axis of the hole for the rod or spitsederzhatelya planes parallel to the widest slot slides are movable along the circumference of the support ring and fixing.

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