RU2634337C2 - Pyrotechnic product - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: blasting work.

SUBSTANCE: pyrotechnic product contains a body with inner cavity filled with filler, a pyrotechnic element located in filter mass, and an initiating device attached in the body, wherein it contains dry powder substance or mixture of dry powder substance with conditionally injurious elements in the capacity of the filler. As a dry powder substance, it contains chalk, cement, dry building compounds, pigment, lacrimators and insecticidal substances or combustible materials, as conventionally damaging elements it contains segments of polymer tubes, plastic beads and granules, fragmented foam rubber or foam rubber sponge, cork, metal or ceramic elements, and the body can be made of plastic, thermoplastic or thermosetting material, a cardboard, paper or metal.

EFFECT: production of pyrotechnic product with high operation reliability and improvement of pyrotechnic effect and a wide range of product applications depending on the sprayed components.

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Description

The invention relates to pyrotechnic products and may find application as a simulation, game or educational tool. Also, the device may be useful for national or military use.

Most of the pyrotechnic products used today in training and military-sporting events consist of a destructible body consisting of at least several cavities, one of which contains a pyrotechnic and / or explosive charge of an initiating nature, and a filler in the other (other) cavity. For imitation purposes, as a filler, as a rule, use liquid colorants or elements with a colorant, which have a marking effect and indicate a conditional "affliction". Also, conventionally damaging elements without dye are used to equip cavities, or cavities may not have a filling at all.

A well-known training cartridge for a grenade launcher containing a sleeve from a combat grenade launcher and fastened with it by a grenade simulator destroyed by a firing link, including a body and an inert filler (RU 2339901, F42B 8/02, 11/27/2008). The inert filler is formed by a compound in which, to achieve the required density, ballast in the form of sand, metal powder or shot, as well as a contrast dye, are introduced.

Despite the fact that the body of the grenade simulator is made of polymer - polyamide or aramid of any brand, using such a product near people is not safe. The presence of sharp fragments resulting from the destruction of the hull and traumatic filler allows you to use this simulator only for firing at solid target shields, on loose obstacles, such as arable land.

Known educational hand grenade containing a housing made of soft spongy material, with a cavity inside, in which there is a explosive device (US patent No. 3369486, F42B 8/26, 02/20/1968). The explosive device comprises a burning cartridge with an igniter and a hammer, spring-loaded in the direction of the cartridge. The cartridge and drummer are rigidly fastened in the housing with their location along a common axial line.

In the ammunition of this design, complete safety of personnel in the training process is achieved. However, due to the lack of filler, the munition during operation does not leave a dense and dynamic cloud of smoke (dust aerosol), therefore, the site of the “munition explosion” remains transparent and poorly visualized. Such a product, in addition to the sound effect, does not show signs similar to the original ammunition.

Known pyrotechnic product designed to simulate the effect of an anti-personnel device (EP 0957330, F42B 12/50, 11/17/1999), which consists of a hollow body that bounds the chamber, which contains: pyrotechnic charge, coloring matter and (or) filler. The device can be made in the form of mines, grenades or any other suitable form.

The safety objective in this product is solved by making the case of a composite material containing light plastic granules embedded in a silicone binder, or of biodegradable materials that are resistant to impact (sinter wood, latex, sawdust, paper, cardboard or natural fibers or resin )

It is proposed to use a composite of water and flour as a filler. In this case, additives can be included in the filler, for example, food coloring or solid and light particles - granules of plastic, the so-called “airsoft” type, corks, other wood substances in granular form, dry beans. The coloring matter and filler are thrown out together with fragments of the body when the charge is blown.

This ammunition ensures the complete safety of personnel and, thanks to the materials used, does not have a negative impact on the environment. However, this proposal also has insufficient visual effect when applied.

Thus, previously known pyrotechnic products have several disadvantages:

- the possibility of injury if the case is made of solid or hardened material, as when the case is destroyed, fragments having sharp edges fly apart at high speed;

- insufficient visual effect from the use of the simulator, since the presence of liquid in the filler or its complete absence does not leave a dense and dynamic cloud of smoke (dust aerosol), the site of the explosion of "ammunition" (grenade, mines, shell) remains transparent and poorly visualized;

- unreliable marking of defeat of players, since liquid dye is sprayed to small droplets that are not able to stain and “mark” the affected player at medium (about 5 meters) and long (about 10 meters) distances.

- poorly dissipate the energy of the explosion (kinetic and thermal) of the pyrotechnic or explosive charge due to the high density of liquid fillers, and in the event of an emergency operation (explosion in the arm or under the feet of the participant) transfer excessive mechanical energy to objects located near the product;

- imitation products with or without liquid filler to a small extent reduce the temperature of explosive gases and may not extinguish the sparks generated by the operation of metallized pyrotechnic compositions;

- can only be used for marking and imitation, and the possibility of use in agriculture or for military purposes is not provided.

The invention is aimed at eliminating these disadvantages. Moreover, the invention provides a pyrotechnic product having high reliability and improved pyrotechnic effect and a wide range of application of the product depending on the sprayed components. When used for educational purposes, the product provides improved marking characteristics and an improved visual imitation effect.

The result is achieved in a pyrotechnic product containing a housing in which a filler is located and a pyrotechnic element and / or explosive charge are installed, and an initiating device in which dry powder substance or a mixture of dry powder substance with fragmentation elements or fragmentation elements is contained as filler. Dry filler filled the cavity of the product body.

Dry powdery substance can be a pigment for marking the lesion of the site of impact and creating the necessary visual effect (for film production and show programs, among others), a mixture of pigment with fragmentation (conditionally damaging) elements (for playing airsoft). In the case of filling with dry pyrotechnic substance, for example, insecticidal action, the product may be useful in agriculture. In the case of filling with a powder of combustible material, for example, a flammable zirconium powder in air, the product will be useful in military operations.

In particular, chalk, cement, various dry construction mixtures, insecticidal compositions, self-igniting metals and mixtures, and lacrimators can be used as a dry powder substance.

The dispersion of the powder and the size of the fragmentation (damaging) elements are selected depending on the desired effect and area of action. In this case, it is allowed to use micron powder, finely dispersed, ultrafine, and nanoscale.

As the fragmentation elements in this decision, conditionally striking elements of various designs, masses and materials, including atraumatic or combat ones, are assumed. The striking elements may be pieces of polymer tubes, plastic balls or granules, fragmented foam or foam rubber sponge, cork particles, metal or ceramic conditionally striking elements. Shards can be coated with pigment. Due to the greater mass, the fragmentation elements fly much further, and in case of contact with the player leave a clear visible trace.

Various thermoplastics or thermosets, including foamed ones, for example, polyurethane foam, foam epoxide, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, can be used as the body material. Also, the housing may be made of cardboard and paper or metal.

The casing can be made of a solid cast obtained by injection molding on an injection molding machine, molding plastics and composite materials (including foamed) into a mold. Prefabricated housing of two or more parts is also allowed.

The use of a pyrotechnic element and / or explosive charge may be supplemented by a moderator.

The initiating device is selected in accordance with the type of product and the method of its application. The initiator may be shock, grater or push action.

A significant difference between the invention and the solutions known from the prior art is the use of only dry powder or fragmented filler. When triggered, the dry dispersed substance absorbs and dissipates the kinetic and thermal energy of the explosion. In the case of using dry insecticidal substances, dust dispersion is safe and without destroying the structure of the substance.

Despite the wide range of uses of the product, the claimed invention is characterized as pyrotechnic. This definition most accurately reflects the essence of the claimed solution, since all products, regardless of their application, use solid powdered substances or formulations of any special purpose, providing the desired effect. In this case, when the device is triggered, there is no blasting, high-explosive or other explosive destructive effect. Despite the fact that the product is declared as pyrotechnic to salutes, fireworks and other pyrotechnic products of a spectacular and entertaining nature, the proposal is not related.

The advantages of the proposed device are the following results:

- reduction of injury risk during abnormal operation of a simulated product (in the arm or under the foot of a participant) due to the dissipation and absorption of the kinetic and thermal energy of the explosion with a dry powder (inert) substance;

- improvement of the visual (spectacular) effect of the explosion of a simulation product;

- improved marking of “defeats” of participants in maneuvers and objects;

- easy removal (washability, abrasion) of the powder substance from the surface of clothing and equipment;

- fine dispersion of dusty active substances of agricultural purpose, insecticides, lacrimatories, combustible dry powders and compositions.

An example of a specific implementation of the proposed device is presented in the drawing: 1 - housing; 2 - dry powdery substance; 3-pyrotechnic element and / or explosive charge with a moderator; 4 - initiating device; 5 - neck of the body, 6 - cork.

Assembly of the product is as follows.

Through the neck of the solid-cast housing or obtained by combining its individual parts, the internal volume of the housing is filled with a dry filler. Then a pyrotechnic element and / or explosive charge are placed in the filler mass. The initiating device is installed in the neck of the case and fixed in it with the location of the initiating device and the pyrotechnic element (explosive charge) along one axial line.

The invention passed field tests, which confirmed the achievement of the specified technical result.

Thus, depending on the composition of the filler, the pyrotechnic product can be used as a simulation, agricultural, educational or combat. In this case, the device can be made in the form of an explosion simulator, a bullet hit simulator, a sapper (installation) mine, a hand grenade or a shell for various purposes and a throwing method.

Claims (4)

1. Pyrotechnic product containing a housing with an internal cavity filled with filler, with a pyrotechnic element located in it and an initiating device fixed in the housing, characterized in that it contains a dry solid powdery substance or a mixture of a dry solid powdery substance with conventionally damaging elements . 2. The pyrotechnic product according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains chalk, cement, dry building mixtures, pigment, lacrimatants and insecticidal substances or combustible materials as a dry powdery substance. 3. The pyrotechnic product according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains pieces of polymer tubes, plastic balls and granules, fragmented foam rubber or a foam rubber sponge, cork fragments, metal or ceramic elements as conventionally damaging elements. 4. The pyrotechnic product according to claim 1, characterized in that the body is made of plastic, thermoplastic or thermoset, including foamed, for example, polyurethane foam, foam epoxy, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, or made of cardboard, paper or metal.

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