RU2633758C1 - Hypersensitive television camera for panoramic computer vision system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics.

SUBSTANCE: surveillance is carried out by a monochrome or colour television system of all-round view in a region close to a hemisphere, i.e. in a spatial angle of 360 degrees in azimuth and tens of degrees in the angle of elevation. An aperture forming unit (AFU) is introduced, and the number of elements identical in each "ring" line of the photodetector is at least two times the value of the given optimal camera resolution, estimated in the television lines, which fit into the length of this "ring" line.

EFFECT: aligning the sensitivity of the television camera throughout the whole image field at a given value of its optimal longitudinal resolution.

4 cl, 10 dwg

Description

The present invention is a technical solution in the category of “device” and relates to panoramic computer observation, which is performed using a monochrome or color television circular camera in a region close to the hemisphere, i.e. in a spatial angle of 360 degrees in azimuth and tens of degrees in elevation.

The closest in technical essence to the first claimed invention should be considered a device of a monochrome or color television camera for panoramic computer surveillance [1], containing in a monochrome camera sequentially located and optically connected panoramic lens and photodetector, and in a color camera - sequentially located and optically connected panoramic a lens, an infrared cut-off filter (IR filter) and a photodetector, and the television camera forms a “ring” monochrome raster whether there is a color image, while the photodetector made on the basis of charge-coupled device (CCD) technology has the shape of a circular ring in which the lines of photosensitive and the lines of light-shielded elements of the photo-receiving region (target) are located along radial directions from the imaginary center of the circular ring to its outer periphery and the "ring" register located there, ending with the charge-voltage conversion block (BPS), and the number of elements (pixels) in each "ring" row is m of the target is equal to the number of elements in its “ring” register, and the area of each pixel of the target increases as it moves to the outer periphery, while the photodetector of a color television camera consists of a monochrome sensor and a color mosaic filter that covers it, which is “ring” in shape, which separates the luminous flux incident on the photosensitive elements, respectively, on its cyan, yellow, magenta and green components; the television camera also includes a “ring” scan unit of the video signal and a signal processor and an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) connected in series, the output of which is the output of the television camera, the first output of the “ring” scan unit of the video signal being connected respectively to the control inputs of the target photodetector, the second output of the "circular" scan unit - to the control inputs of the "circular" register of the photodetector, the third output of the "circular" scan unit - to the synchronization input and a signal processor, and the fourth output of the “ring” scan block is connected to the ADC clock input, while the information input of the signal processor is connected to the output of the SPS of the photodetector, and the output of the exposure control of the signal processor is connected to the control input of the “ring” scan block.

Due to the increased area of photosensitive elements on the periphery of the “ring” target, the television camera of the prototype has an increased image sensitivity in this area.

For the prototype, the following features are expected:

- the area of the photodetector target elements shielded from light, as well as the area of their photosensitive pixels, varies from row to row, increasing in the direction along the “circular” line as it moves to the outer periphery to a maximum value not exceeding the pixel area of the “circular” register of the sensor;

- for the color mosaic filter, the geometric area of the “windows” coincides with the sizes of the photosensitive pixels of the target;

- The SPS of the photodetector is organized as a "floating diffusion region" [2], and therefore has a control input that provides an elementwise voltage drop of the generated video signal.

The disadvantage of the prototype is a variable value (from line to line) of the sensitivity of the image formed by the "ring" photodetector, which changes in the direction of decreasing towards the inner periphery of the sensor in proportion to the change in the geometric area of its photosensitive elements.

The objective of the invention is the alignment (by maximum value) throughout the image field of the sensitivity of the television camera at a given value of its optimal longitudinal resolution.

The problem in the inventive television camera is solved by the fact that in the prototype television camera device [1], containing in a monochrome camera sequentially located and optically connected panoramic lens and photodetector, and in a color camera - sequentially located and optically connected panoramic lens, IR filter and a photodetector, and the television camera forms a “ring” raster of a monochrome or color image, while the photodetector based on CCD technology has a circular shape a ring in which the lines of photosensitive and lines of light-shielded target elements are located along radial directions from the imaginary center of the circular ring to its outer periphery and the “ring” register located there, ending in the CTZN, and the number of pixels in each “ring” line of the target is equal to the number of elements in its “ring” register, and the area of the photosensitive pixels of the target, as well as the area of the elements of the screen shielded from light, is different from row to row, increasing in the direction the portion of the “circular” line as it moves toward the outer periphery to a maximum value not exceeding the pixel area of the “circular” register of the sensor, while the color camera photodetector consists of a monochrome sensor and a color mosaic filter covering it with a target that is “circular” in shape and having the geometry of the "windows", which coincides with the size of the photosensitive elements of the sensor, and the color mosaic filter divides the light flux incident on the photosensitive elements, respectively, on its blue, yellow , magenta, and green components, while the television camera also includes a “ring” scan unit of the video signal and a signal processor and ADC connected in series with each other, the output of which is the output of the television camera, the first output of the “ring” scan unit of the video signal being connected respectively to the control the inputs of the target of the photodetector, the second output of the “circular” scan unit to the control inputs of the “circular” register of the photodetector, the third output of the “circular” scan unit to the sync input downstream of the signal processor, and the fourth output of the “ring” scan block to the ADC clock input, while the information input of the signal processor is connected to the output of the SPS of the photodetector, and the output of the exposure processor of the signal processor is connected to the first control input of the “ring” scan detector block, the block is introduced the formation of the aperture (BFA), the information input of which is connected to the output of the reset pulses of the “ring” scan unit, the synchronizing input of the BFA - to the corresponding output of the “ring” scan unit and the output of the BPA to the second control input of the “ring” sweep block, while the period of the control pulses T _r generated at the output of the BPA is determined by the ratio:

where T _p is the reading period of the element in the photodetector;

n _m is a coefficient, an integer whose value for the current read line in the photodetector is equal to the ratio:

where Δ ₁ is the area of the photosensitive element for the first read line in the photodetector;

Δ _m is the area of the photosensitive element for the current read line in the photodetector,

Moreover, in accordance with the Nyquist – Kotelnikov theorem, to ensure the elimination of the appearance of a moiré pattern in the camera image (due to the reduction of the spatial frequency), the number of elements in each “ring” line of the photodetector is at least twice the value of the specified optimal camera resolution, estimated in television lines that fit the length of this "ring" line.

In relation to the prototype [1], the claimed television camera is distinguished by the introduction of a new unit - BFA, as well as the ability to select the required number of elements of the "annular" line of the photodetector, which satisfies the value of the specified longitudinal resolution.

The set of known and new features for this device is not known from the prior art, therefore, the proposed technical solution meets the criterion of novelty.

The inventive television camera, as in the prototype [1], generates a color digital television signal of the "ring" image at the output.

The fulfillment of the task, namely, alignment of the sensitivity of the television camera over the entire field of the image for a given value of its optimal resolution, is carried out by a priori selection of the required number of elements in the "ring" line of the photodetector and organization of charge reading control in the sensor with the same aperture area for different by the area of photosensitive elements.

Therefore, the proposed solution meets the criterion of the presence of an inventive step.

In FIG. 1 shows a structural diagram of the claimed invention - a television camera as part of a computer system for panoramic television surveillance; in FIG. 2 shows the circuit organization of the photodetector of a television camera; in FIG. 3 shows a fragment of this photodetector, illustrating the details of its design; in FIG. 4, according to [3], a photograph of an image obtained using a domestic panoramic mirror-lens lens is presented; in FIG. 5 shows the design of the “annular” register of the photodetector, in which the transfer electrodes are made as part of a circular ring; in FIG. 6 - a panoramic image of the current “ring” frame proposed to the operator in the form of a sequence of 6 “rectangular” frames; in FIG. 7, according to [2, p. 19], a structural diagram of the BPS with the organization "floating diffusion region" is presented; in FIG. 8 shows a plot of the output signal of the BFA, which controls the aperture of the "ring"photodetector; in FIG. 9 - dependence of the aperture frequency-contrast characteristic (PFC _a ) of the photodetector on the spatial frequency of the test table; in FIG. 10 is a possible structural diagram for performing a network computer solution using the inventive device;

The inventive high-sensitivity television camera for panoramic computer surveillance, see FIG. 1 contains a panoramic lens 1-1 sequentially located and optically connected, an IR filter 1-2 (only for a color camera) and a photodetector 1-3, which has the shape of a circular ring, see FIG. 2, in which the lines of photosensitive and the lines of shielded from light elements of the target 1-3-1 are located along radial directions from the imaginary center of the circular ring to its outer periphery and the "ring" register 1-3-2 there, ending in CTZN 1-3- 3, and the number of elements in each “ring” line of the photodetector region is equal to the number of elements in the “ring” register, and the target itself is covered by a mosaic color filter, which is “ring” in shape, see FIG. 3, which separates the luminous flux incident on the photosensitive elements, respectively, on its cyan, yellow, magenta and green components; the television camera also includes the following blocks: signal processor 1-4, block 1-5 "ring" scan, ADC 1-6 and BFA 1-7; the output of the SPS of the photodetector 1-3 is connected to the information input of the signal processor 1-4, connected in series with the ADC 1-6; the exposure control output of the signal processor 1-4 is connected to the first control input of the “ring” sweep block 1-5 of the video signal, the first output of which is connected to the control inputs of the target of the photodetector 1-3, the second output of block 1-5 to the control inputs of the “ring” register photodetector 1-3, the third output of block 1-5 to the synchronization input of the signal processor 1-4, and the fourth output of block 1-5 to the clock input of the ADC 1-6, the output of which is the output of the television camera; information input BFA 1-7 is connected to the output of the reset pulses of the block 1-5 "circular" scan, the synchronizing input BFA 1-7 - to the corresponding output of the block 1-5 "circular" scan, and the output BFA 1-7 - to the second control input block 1-5 "ring" scan.

The panoramic lens 1-1 of the television camera, as in the prototype [1], is intended to form an optical image of a circular view (ring image). As a technical solution for a panoramic lens 1-1, which coincides with a similar solution for the prototype, a panoramic mirror-lens lens can be proposed, the design of which is patented in Russia by Russian specialists from Moscow State University of Geodesy and Cartography [3].

A photograph of the annular image formed by the panoramic lens is shown in FIG. 4. The angular field in the space of objects for this lens is 360 degrees in azimuth and can reach (75-80) degrees in elevation.

The presence of a passive (non-informative) region in the center of the optical frame of the panoramic lens confirms the advisability of choosing the shape of the photodetectors in favor of a circular ring.

The IR filter 1-2, as in the prototype [1], changes the spectral characteristic of the "ring" photodetector 1-3, ensuring consistency with the spectral sensitivity of the human eye.

The IR filter 1-2 can be made as part of a panoramic lens 1-1 or integrated directly into the "ring" photodetector 1-3.

Photodetector 1-3 made according to CCD technology, see FIG. 2-3, as in the prototype [1], implements a "ring" scan of the charge image on the target 1-3-1, followed by element-by-element reading of charges in the "ring" register 1-3-2 and the formation of the output BPSN 1-3- 3 voltage color video signal in analog form. Moreover, in the interval of the forward course of the frame, the process of accumulation of charge packets occurs in proportion to the illumination of the panoramic plot in the photosensitive pixels of the target 1-3-1. During a short period of the subsequent interval of the reverse rotation of the frame scan, a photo shutter opens, and the charges of all the “ring” lines involved in the accumulation are transferred (in one rotation step) to the screened from light pixels located on the same target region 1-3-1.

Then the shutter closes and in a new frame cycle, another charge “picture” is accumulated on the target, and the charge packets accumulated in the previous frame are transferred in the radial directions to the periphery of the photodetector crystal, loading the “ring” register 1-3 in the interval of the reverse stroke along the line -3.

For a color camera, the photodetector is the only color image video sensor in which, thanks to the use of a color “ring” filter, CCD pixels become sensitive to cyan (Cy), yellow (Ye), magenta (Mg) and green (G) color components. The design of this photodetector is shown in FIG. 3.

It uses the well-known principle of color television, which states that for successful color recovery, in addition to the brightness signal (Y), only two additional signals are enough. This refers to the red color difference signal (R-Y) and the blue color difference signal (B-Y).

In the claimed solution for the "ring" CCD photodetector, as in the prototype [1], the field accumulation mode is used, i.e. in the interlaced scan of the video signal, the accumulation of the charge "picture" is carried out in half frames under the same phase buses.

Then, similarly to the prototype mode [1], before reading in the “ring” register 1-3-2, the charge packets of neighboring (in the radial direction) photo target pixels are combined in pairs, and differently for the sequentially read odd and even “ring” lines of the generated image as shown in FIG. 3.

Note that since the size of the photosensitive element in the field accumulation mode is equal to the vertical size of two pixels of the matrix, this leads to a decrease in the vertical resolution of the color image, which is quite acceptable.

The first line contains pairwise samples: (M _g + C _y ), (G + Y _e ), (M _g + C _y ), (G + Y _e ) and so on.

The second line contains pairwise samples: (C _y + G), (Y _e + Mg), (C _y + G), (Y _e + M _g ) and so on.

Obviously, the third and other subsequent odd lines will contain the same pairwise samples as the first line, and the fourth and other subsequent even lines will contain the same pairwise samples as the second line.

To obtain a brightness signal for odd lines, an operation is performed according to the algorithm, which consists in the fact that a delay is performed on the decomposition element, which coincides in time with the gap of the “ring” rotation of charges, and the summation of pairwise readings:

в формуле (2) возвращает «должок», приобретенный за счет суммирования зарядов в попарных отсчетах.Coefficient

in formula (2) returns “debt”, acquired by summing the charges in pairwise readings.

Obviously, expression (3) can be represented as follows:

Applying a similar algorithm for even lines, we obtain the following expression for the luminance signal:

Similarly, we represent the expression (5) in primary colors:

Expressions (4) and (6) show that the luminance signal for the odd and even lines is the same.

To obtain the blue color-difference signal (B-Y), an operation is performed according to another algorithm, which consists in the fact that for odd lines, a time delay is performed on the decomposition element and the subtraction of pairwise samples:

.

.

To obtain the color difference signal red (R-Y), the operation is performed according to an algorithm similar to the receipt of the color difference signal blue, but with reference to even lines:

.

.

These two color difference signals, together with the luminance signal, are mixed into the CVBS signal in the PAL system. Let us explain that CVBS is an abbreviation of English words: “composite video bar signal”, i.e. full video signal.

It should be noted that for the “ring” photodetector of a television camera, the transfer electrodes on the targets 1-3-1 and in the “ring” register 1-3-2, as well as light “windows” for the “ring” mosaic filter can be made with a geometric shape not as a rectangle, but as part of a circular ring.

As an example in FIG. 5 shows the design of the “annular” register 1-3-2 of the photodetector with such transfer electrodes.

In FIG. Figure 7 shows a possible block diagram of the CCD “ring” photodetector 1-3 with the organization “floating diffusion region”, which completely coincides with the scheme currently used in CCD arrays for realization of rectangular scanning of a video signal, see, for example, [2]. In this drawing, the following notation: U _f1 , U _f2 , U _f3 - voltage on the tires for three-phase control of the "ring" shift register 1-2-3; U _out - voltage at the output gate; D _o , D _sbr - output and reset diodes, respectively.

Before reading the next information charge element (pixel) in the process of converting into voltage charge video information of the previous element must be cleared in an erasing diode D _RRF.

This procedure is carried out using control pulses T _r, often referred to in the literature as reset pulses, which are supplied to the corresponding control bus BPS 1-3-3.

The aperture forming unit (BFA) 1-7 is designed to control the reading aperture of the photodetector 1-3 when the element-by-element video signal voltage is removed in the BPZN 1-3-3. As a result, for all the lines of the photodetector, the area of the reading aperture is the same across the field, with the area of the electrodes of the photosensitive elements of the sensor varying from line to line.

The plot of the output signal T _r generated at the output of BFA 1-7 is shown in FIG. 8. It is assumed that the photodetector 1-3 contains n "ring" lines. In this diagram, the first row is designated as T _c1 , and the last row is indicated as T _cn .

The control pulses have a positive polarity, short (short) duration and a different repetition period within each of the "ring" lines.

The period of the control pulses for the first “ring” line is indicated by T _r1 , and the period of the control pulses for the last “ring” line is indicated by T _{r n.} The period T _r1 is the smallest and is equal to the reading period of the element T _p , and the reading period T _{r n.} - the largest, which is equal to nT _r. . The coefficient n in the last expression is determined by an integer from the ratio:

where Δ ₁ is the area of the photosensitive element for the first read line in the "ring"photodetector;

Δ _n is the area of the photosensitive element for the last read line in the "ring" photodetector.

In physical terms, the aperture area is controlled by summing the charge packets in the neighboring elements of each current “ring” line of the sensor before performing the charge-voltage conversion procedure.

Therefore, this charge addition cannot be an additional source of noise for the video signal at the output of the television camera.

BFA 1-7 in practice can be implemented using the classic set of technical means (logical elements) of digital electronics. Obviously, BFA 1-7 can be performed as part of the block 1-5 "ring" scan.

It is advisable to conduct an analytical assessment of the resolution parameter for the "ring" photodetector 1-3. We will use the methods of the theory of discretization of multidimensional messages developed by prof. N.K. Ignatiev [4], as well as the analysis of physical processes in matrix photodetectors at a CCD, which is described in [5, 6].

In general, the resolution of a “ring photodetector, like any other two-dimensional sensor, is determined by the maximum number of television lines that can be detected on the image of the test table for a given detection accuracy.

We simplify this task by restricting ourselves to estimating the resolution along the “circular” lines (longitudinal resolution), by analogy with the horizontal resolution for matrix photodetectors at the CCD. We will count the indicator of this parameter in television lines that fit the length of the “ring” line, assuming that we also have a test table made on glass or paper.

This test (not shown here) repeats the shape of the “ring” photodetector with the necessary magnification (scaling) ratio.

As previously, the most important component of the desired resolution indicator is the aperture weight component h _a (x, y), which is a function of the spatial distribution of the sensitivity of the CCD element without taking charge diffusion into account. This function is the response to a fixed luminous point of the form δ (x, y).

For a CCD pixel, a fairly close approximation of the aperture weight function is a rectangular function.

Let the size of the photosensitive element along the “annular” line be w, and the element spacing step be p.

More convenient for analysis is the aperture component of the frequency-contrast characteristic or frequency response _a , which is determined using the Fourier transform of this rectangular function and is described by the well-known expression:

- пространственная частота теста;Where

- spatial frequency of the test;

- максимальная (граничная) пространственная частота по критерию Найквиста.

- maximum (boundary) spatial frequency according to the Nyquist criterion.

(частоте Найквиста) величина ЧКХ равна 0,64.If we assume that the photosensitive elements of the sensor are closely spaced, then w = p. Then at the frequency

(Nyquist frequency) the magnitude of the frequency response is 0.64.

.It's obvious that

.

можно выразить через разрешение N, измеряемое в телевизионных линиях, укладывающихся на длину «кольцевой» строки L_m по соотношению:Spatial frequency of the test

can be expressed in terms of resolution N, measured in television lines that fit the length of the "ring" line L _m according to the ratio:

,

,

where L _m is the length of the current "annular" line of the photodetector.

Then formula (7) for the aperture frequency response can be represented as follows:

.We denote the relative number of television lines Nw / L _m as

.

от 0,1 до 3,0 с шагом 0,1 и построим график зависимости ЧКХ _а (см. фиг. 9) по формуле:We take the values

from 0.1 to 3.0 in increments of 0.1 and build a graph of the dependence of the frequency response _and (see Fig. 9) according to the formula:

When the "ring" photodetector 1-3 is used as part of a panoramic television camera, the parameters "reading aperture area" and "element area" coincide in magnitude only for the first line of the sensor. Therefore, the formula (8) should be amended (clarified), namely; the exponent w should be replaced by the parameter w _m for the current row, numerically equal to the value w ₁ / n _m , where w ₁ is the longitudinal dimension of the element for the first “ring” row, and the exponent n _{m is} calculated by the relation (2).

With this amendment, formula (8) will take the form:

Obviously, substituting the frequency response coefficient _a equal to 0.64 in formula (10), we obtain the parameter N _opt — an indicator of optimal resolution with a dimension in television lines, which is the same in value for all “ring” lines of the photodetector 1-3.

Therefore, the parameter N _opt can be additionally determined by the ratio:

On the other hand, if the value of N _opt is a priori given parameter, then increasing its value found from (11) by half, one can obtain the most important indicator for designing a photodetector 1-3, namely: the required number of elements in its “ring” rows.

Consider the operation of the inventive television camera of increased sensitivity as part of a computer system for panoramic observation, as proposed in [1], see Fig. 1. The system comprises a television camera in position 1 and a server 2 in position, which is a local area network node to which two or more personal computers are connected in position 3.

It is assumed that the television camera 1 is installed in a fixed position, for example, using a photographic tripod (in Fig. 1 it is not shown).

Panoramic lens 1-1 forms an “annular” optical image of the observed scene, projecting it for a monochrome camera directly onto the target 1-3-1 of the photodetector, and for a color camera through an IR filter 1-2.

As a result of the photoelectric and subsequent analog-to-digital conversion of the video signal at the output of the television camera 1, a digital television signal of a monochrome or color image is generated.

Suppose that the current angle of view (γ _g ) of the presented panoramic image is 60 degrees horizontally, then the “ring” recording frame includes 6 (six) conditional areas.

Then the RAM of server 2, where the panoramic image is recorded, contains 6 areas of the input video signal of the current "ring" frame.

Further, as in [1], in the server 2, the video signal is read, and as a result, the “ring” frame is converted into ordinary “rectangular” frames and the ability to provide this information at the “network” output of server 2.

Therefore, the digital video recording signal for each "ring" image frame is converted into 6 "rectangular" frames, which can be offered in the form of a selected sequence (see Fig. 6) to personal computer operators. This means that real-time monitoring of six images with enhanced sensitivity across the entire field can be implemented.

We assume that as personal computers 3 that make up this network, laptops are used that contain a motherboard with a processor and RAM installed on it, as well as a hard drive, display, keyboard and touchpad.

The operator of each laptop 3 can select the image proposed by the server 2 image and its output to the display screen.

It is obvious that the claimed solution to a television camera can be used as part of complex computer systems.

An example of a structural diagram for organizing such a system is shown in FIG. 10. The arrows on the communication lines of this circuit illustrate the transmission of an image signal.

Here, the operator computer 4 further functions as a server. Due to the use of router 5 in this system, the information stored on the server becomes available to any other computer user on the local network, such as computer 7.

Modem 6 allows you to provide video information over the Internet, i.e. it can go to the computer of a remote user, for example, to computer 8.

Currently, all the elements of the claimed structural diagram of a television camera of high sensitivity for panoramic computer surveillance mastered or can be mastered by domestic industry.

Therefore, the present invention should be considered as meeting the requirement for industrial applicability.

INFORMATION SOURCES

1. RF patent No. 2564091. IPC H04N 5/225. A computer system for panoramic television surveillance with increased sensitivity on the outer periphery of the ring image. / V.M. Smelkov // BI - 2015. - No. 27.

2. Khromov L.I., Lebedev N.V., Tsytsulin A.K., Kulikov A.N. Solid state television. - "Radio and Communications", 1986.

3. RF patent No. 2185645. IPC G02B 13/06, G02B 17/08. Panoramic mirror lens. / A.V. Kurtov, V.A. Solomatin // BI - 2002. - No. 20.

4. Ignatiev N.K. Discretization and its applications. M., "Communication", 1980.

5. Barb D.F., Campana S. Depicting charge-coupled devices. In the collection "Achievements in the technique of transmission and reproduction of images", Volume 3. M., "World", 1980, S. 180-306.

6. Shostatsky N.N. Application of discretization theory for analysis of image decomposition on CCD matrices. “Technique of Communications”, series “Technique of Television”, 1982, issue 2, S. 3-14.

Claims (11)

1. A television camera of increased sensitivity for panoramic computer surveillance, containing in a monochrome camera sequentially located and optically connected panoramic lens and photodetector, and in a color camera - sequentially located and optically connected panoramic lens, infrared cut-off filter (IR-filter) and photodetector, a television camera forms a “ring” raster of a monochrome or color image, while a photodetector based on the technology of devices with a charge communication (CCD), has the shape of a circular ring, in which the lines of photosensitive and the lines of light-shielded target elements are located along radial directions from the imaginary center of the circular ring to its outer periphery and the "ring" register located there, ending in the charge-voltage conversion unit ”(LAR), and the number of pixels in each“ ring ”line of the target is equal to the number of elements in its“ ring ”register, and the area of the photosensitive pixels of the target, as well as the area of the shielded the light of the target elements is different from row to row, increasing in the direction along the “circular” line as it moves to the outer periphery to a maximum value not exceeding the pixel area of the “circular” register of the sensor, while the color camera photodetector consists of a monochrome sensor and covers it the target of the color mosaic filter, which is "circular" in shape and having the geometry of the "windows" that matches the size of the photosensitive elements of the sensor, and the color mosaic filter divides the light flux, falling on the photosensitive elements, respectively, on its cyan, yellow, magenta and green components, while the television camera also includes a “ring” scan unit of the video signal and a signal processor and an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) connected in series, the output of which is the output of the television camera, and the first output of the “circular” scan video signal unit is connected respectively to the control inputs of the target of the photodetector, the second output of the “circular” scan unit - to the control inputs of the "circular" register of the photodetector, the third output of the block of "circular" sweep - to the synchronization input of the signal processor, and the fourth output of the block of "circular" scan - to the clock input of the ADC, while the information input of the signal processor is connected to the output of the overhead voltage detector of the photodetector, and the output of the exposure control of the signal processor to the first control input of the “ring” scan unit of the photodetector, characterized in that an aperture forming unit (BFA) is introduced, the information input of which is connected n to the output pulses resetting unit "ring" scan clock input BPA - to the corresponding output unit "ring" scanner, and the output of BPA - to the second control input of the "ring" scan, the period of the control pulses T _r, generated at the output of BPA is determined by the ratio:

where T _p is the reading period of the element in the photodetector; n _m is a coefficient, an integer whose value for the current read line in the photodetector is equal to the ratio:

where Δ ₁ is the area of the photosensitive element for the first read line in the photodetector; Δ _m is the area of the photosensitive element for the current read line in the photodetector, the same number of elements in each “ring” line of the photodetector is at least twice the value of the specified optimal camera resolution, estimated in television lines that fit the length of this “ring” line. 2. The television camera color image according to claim 1, characterized in that the transfer electrodes of the target and the “ring” register, as well as the light “windows” of the “ring” mosaic filter for the photodetector, are made with a geometric shape in the form of a part of a circular ring. 3. The television camera color image according to claim 1, characterized in that the IR filter is made as part of a panoramic lens or as part of a photodetector. 4. The television camera color image according to claim 1, characterized in that the BFA is made as part of the block "ring" scan.

Images