RU2624934C1 - The support-guiding ring, the method of its assembly and disassembly - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: group of inventions refers to the construction of pipeline crossings laid by dragging the pipeline 12 on the support-guide rings 1 into the inside of the protective casing 13. The ring 1 consists of segments 2 with interchangeable sliding supports 4 and/or rolling 3 and wedge-shaped retainers 7. From the segments 2, the whip is collected and formed from it by the ring 1 on the conduit 12, for which the inlet unit 8 with the protrusions 14 of one segment 2 is manually inserted into the opening 21 with the grooves 15 of the receiving unit 5 of the other segment 2. The protrusions 14 prevent spontaneous separation of the segments 2. Then, one retainer 7 in the form of a wedge is inserted into the seat 9 of each input assembly. As a result of the movement of the latches 7, the receiving 5 and the feed 8 nodes move apart in opposite directions and tighten the ring 1 on the pipeline 12. The "herringbone" fastening elements 6 on the latch 7 and the end protruding part of the receiving unit 5 prevent the locking latch 7 from moving backward. To disassemble the ring 1, install a special key in the holes 10 on the flat part of the lock 7. Turning the latch 7 with the key, it is disengaged from the "herringbone" type elements 6 and pulled out of the seat 9, then the segments 2 are disconnected.

EFFECT: invention shortens the assembly time of the ring.

8 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The group of inventions relates to the field of construction of pipeline transport and can be used for transitions of pipelines with a diameter of 57-1420 mm, laid by pulling the pipeline on the support rings into the protective casing with a diameter of 114-1720 mm under roads, engineering structures, water barriers, in wet soils , marshes, in areas with harsh conditions and permafrost.

Known support ring, patent for utility model RU 31427 class. F16L 7/02, made of metal, on the outer surface of which of an insulating material made and fixed sliding bearings that rely on the inner surface of the protective casing.

The support-guide ring has the following disadvantages: it has a limited service life, since it is operated in a protective casing, where the humid environment is constantly present, especially in summer in marshy areas, in areas with harsh conditions and permafrost, when melt water enters the annulus in spring the transition space gives rise to severe corrosion of the guide rings and leads to a reduction in the life of the pipeline transition.

A non-separable plastic support ring of the company PACI (Italy) is known, which creates a lot of inconvenience during installation, since in case of an error in the spacing step at the transition, the ring must be destroyed on the transition pipeline or put an additional one. In addition, when pulling the pipeline into the protective casing on the said PACI Italy rings, the rings are displaced relative to the drawn pipeline, since they are made of plastic and are used without a rubber gasket.

A dielectric spacer ring is also known (UDC 621.646 of OAO Gazprom, specifications 51-19-2000, registration No. 19/6 of June 20, 2000) made of plastic.

The disadvantages of these plastic support rings is that the support rings are assembled from the segments by bolted connections, which weaken during operation and quickly fail, as they are susceptible to corrosion in a humid environment. In addition, when the pipeline is pulled into the protective casing, the support-guide rings are displaced relative to the pipeline, as a result, the load on the rings is redistributed and the rings are destroyed. To prevent their displacement, stops from polyamide or wood bars are additionally applied, which increases the cost of pipeline transitions.

The technical solution "Supporting plastic ring" is known according to the patent of the Russian Federation 2296906 F16L 7/00, 1/028, where a significant drawback is the weak connection of the segments to each other, as well as the difficulty of connecting the segments during the final fixing of the half rings into the ring on the transition pipeline.

Known plastic support rings have significant disadvantages that hinder their further development. The first drawback is that the ring is made only with sliding bearings, while the use of such rings is limited due to the fact that they are designed for pulling lengths up to 500 m into the protective casing. The second drawback is that the connection of the half rings into the ring on the transition pipeline is carried out by bolted connections, which is a significant drawback, since today there is no collapsible plastic support ring that can be used with rolling bearings and separately with sliding bearings without bolted connections, for Exception of technical solution patent RU No. 2526137.

A technical solution is known, “Transition of a gas and oil pipeline and a method for assembling it, a clamp-tie, a support-guide ring for a transition and a device for assembling a ring," patent RU No. 2526137, adopted as a prototype.

The ring is made without bolt connections, from fiberglass interchangeable segments with sliding bearings connected to a half-ring and to a ring on the transition pipeline, while assembly is carried out by movable and fixed clamps made in the form of a wedge, on the side surfaces of which opposed herringbone teeth are made, along which the movable latch moves in mesh with the stationary.

This technical solution has the following disadvantages.

The support-guide ring is made non-separable, with the assembled ring on the transition pipeline, the design does not allow it to be disassembled and reassembled. To disassemble the assembled ring in the pipeline, it must be destroyed or put an additional ring, which is also a significant drawback.

When mounting the support-guide ring on the transition pipeline, two segments are fixed in the support-guide ring by two clamps - movable and fixed, which during assembly fall out of the seats due to the fact that in the initial period of assembly of the segments with each other between the movable and fixed large gaps are formed by the clamps, which makes it difficult to mount the support ring on the transition pipeline.

In addition, two clamps are required to connect two segments: movable and fixed, and 6 to 20 clamps are required to connect all segments of one support ring, which is a significant drawback of the support ring in terms of configuration, installation and the total cost of the support guide ring.

A significant drawback of the support ring made of plastic, for example fiberglass, lies in the fact that it is non-separable and intended for use only with sliding supports for dragging the pipeline into the protective casing to a length of 500 m, which limits its use as universal support ring with rolling bearings and / or with sliding bearings.

The objective of the invention is to develop a plastic collapsible support ring made of segments with interchangeable rolling bearings and / or sliding bearings, for dragging the pipeline into the protective casing on the supporting guide rings, depending on the length of the dragged pipeline into the protective casing.

To solve this problem, a support-guide plastic collapsible ring is proposed for pulling the pipeline inside the protective casing, used in the construction of pipeline crossings under roads, water barriers, and engineering structures. The support-guide plastic collapsible ring is made of segments with supports assembled on the transition pipeline using wedge-shaped clamps, and herringbone-type fastening elements are formed on the side surface of the wedge. On the outside of the segments, seats are made in the form of a rectangular recess in which interchangeable sliding bearings and / or rolling bearings are installed and fixed. On one of the end protruding parts of the receiving unit of the segment, reciprocal fixed herringbone fastening elements are made for moving the latch along them in the engagement of two segments during assembly and disassembly of each two segments. On the opposite end of the protruding part of the entry unit of each segment, a seat for the latch is made, open on three sides and a depth of 1/6 to 1/2 with respect to the maximum width of the latch, and the angles of its sides are made with a radius sufficient to release the latch out of engagement with reciprocal fixed herringbone fastening elements in the case of disassembling the support ring using a key inserted into the holes on the flat part of the latch. To prevent spontaneous disconnection of the segments from each other (when assembling into a lash and later when mounting into a support-guide ring on the pipeline), protrusions are made on the side surface of the inlet node of the segment, and grooves corresponding to the protrusions are made in the opening of the segment receiving node.

To prevent displacement of the support ring on the rubber gasket relative to the pipeline when dragging it into the protective casing on the seats on the inside of the segments, protrusions in the form of a roller can be made.

On segments between seats of interchangeable rolling bearings and / or sliding bearings, respectively, devices for fastening the protective pipes of communication cables in the form of the used protective pipes can be made.

In the proposed support ring due to the use of interchangeable bearings, its configuration can be selected depending on the conditions of use. The installation of rolling bearings instead of sliding bearings can significantly reduce friction and, accordingly, the force required to pull the pipeline into the protective casing, which makes it possible to pull the pipeline into the protective casing over long distances up to 8000 m. However, the use of rolling bearings is not possible in all cases, since such supports Compared to sliding bearings, they have a larger height, which can exceed the gap between the pipeline and the inner surface of the protective casing. To reduce the overall height dimension, rolling bearings can be installed in the lower part of the support ring, and sliding bearings can be installed in the upper part. The use of rolling bearings is also limited by the fact that when pulling the pipeline inside the protective casing as a result of ingress of foreign objects or wear, it is possible to jam and destroy one or more rolling bearings, support the pipeline on a segment and destroy the segment of the support ring. To prevent such destruction of the support ring in the seats of the segments located in its lower part, one or more sliding bearings can be installed between the rolling bearings, which are smaller in height (the size in terms of the height of the sliding support can be reduced by an amount smaller or equal to 1/3 of the radius of the roller in the rolling support), which will absorb the load from the weight of the pipeline in case of destruction of the rolling bearings. The proposed design of the support-guide ring allows you to install both sliding bearings (for pulling the pipeline into the protective casing for short distances), and rolling bearings (for pulling the pipeline into the protective casing for long distances up to 8000 m) or a combination of sliding and rolling bearings.

Thus, the following particular cases of the execution of the support-guide ring are possible, in which:

interchangeable sliding bearings are installed and fixed in the seats of the segments located in its upper part;

interchangeable rolling bearings are installed and fixed in the seats of the segments located in its lower part;

in the seats of the segments located in its lower part, between the rolling bearings, one or more sliding bearings are additionally installed with a height dimension reduced by an amount less than or equal to 1/3 of the radius of the roller in the rolling support.

To solve this problem, a method for assembling a support-guide ring on a transition pipeline is proposed. In the method, the segments are pre-assembled without latching into the lash to the length necessary to cover the pipeline of a given diameter by manually entering the inlet node of one segment into the opening of the receiving node on the inside of the other segment. In this case, to prevent the separation of the segments from each other, the protrusions on the side surface of the inlet node of the segment are threaded through the corresponding grooves in the hole of the receiving node of the connected segment. After that, the lash is put on the pipeline, it is also fixed in the ring and installed in the seats, one latch on the connection of each two segments, where they mesh with each other. Further, the latches are manually advanced into the seats of the segments in meshing with the reciprocal fixed herringbone fastening elements made on one of the end protruding part of the receiving unit of the segment. As a result of the movement of the clamps made in the form of a wedge, the receiving and inlet nodes are moved apart in opposite directions and finally fix the support-guide ring on the transition pipeline.

A method for disassembling the support ring is also provided. To implement the method, a key is introduced into the holes on the flat part of the retainer to disassemble the segments of the support-guide ring, the retainer is turned with the key in the seat and the retainer is disengaged from the reciprocal fixed herringbone-type fastening elements. Then, two segments of the support ring are disconnected from each other. When the segments are separated, the protrusions on the side surface of the inlet node of one segment are removed from the corresponding grooves in the opening of the receiving node of the other segment. The remaining segments of the support ring are disconnected in a similar manner.

The essence of the alleged invention is illustrated by drawings.

In FIG. 1 - shows a support-guide ring with interchangeable rolling bearings and / or sliding bearings.

In FIG. 2 - shows a segment of a support ring with reciprocal fixed herringbone fastening elements, interchangeable rolling bearings and sliding bearings, and with protective pipes for communication cables.

In FIG. 3 - shows the seat for the retainer, the retainer in engagement of two segments with fixed herringbone fastening elements made on the protruding part of the receiving unit as a unit with the segment.

In FIG. 4 - shows the connection of two segments of the receiving and input nodes with each other using a latch in the support-guide ring on the transition pipeline.

In FIG. 5 - shows the assembly of segments in a lash for mounting on a pipeline in a support-guide ring.

In FIG. 6 - protrusions are shown, for example in the form of a roller, to prevent displacement of the support ring on the rubber gasket relative to the pipeline.

In FIG. 7 - fastening elements of the "herringbone" type are shown.

The elements depicted in the drawings are indicated by the following positions:

1 - supporting guide ring;

2 - segment;

3 - interchangeable rolling bearings;

4 - interchangeable sliding support;

5 - receiving node;

6 - fastening elements of the herringbone type;

7 - a clamp;

8 - input unit;

9 - seat for the retainer;

10 - hole (for installing a key when disassembling segments);

11 - seat (for the installation of interchangeable supports);

12 - pipeline;

13 - a protective casing;

14 - ledge;

15 - groove;

16 - protrusion in the form of a roller;

17 - rubber gasket;

18 - a protective tube;

19 - communication cable;

20 - to whip;

21 - hole receiving unit.

The proposed plastic support ring 1 is made of the following main components and elements.

The main nodes of the collapsible support ring 1 are interchangeable segments 2, made with interchangeable rolling bearings 3 and / or sliding bearings 4, and the clamps 7 in the form of a wedge, and on the side surface of the wedge there are formed herringbone-type fastening elements 6. Segments 2 mounted in the support ring 1 along the radius of the pipe 12 and secured with clamps 7. The number of interchangeable segments 2 is selected depending on the diameter of the pipe 12. The proposed design allows you to use gmenty same size for the assembly of supporting-guiding rings on the pipes with a diameter from 57 to 1420 mm inclusive.

At the opposite ends of each segment 2 there is a receiving unit 5 and a starting unit 8. A hole 21 is made in the receiving unit 5 of segment 2 (a rectangular hole is shown in Fig. 2, the hole can also be made in a different shape) for introducing into it the starting unit 8 of another segment 2. There are protrusions 14 on the lateral surface of the inlet assembly 8, and grooves corresponding to the protrusions 15 are made in the opening 21 of the inlet assembly 5. On the end protruding part of the inlet assembly 5 of segment 2, reciprocal fixed herringbone elements 6 of to integer with segment 2, to move the latch 7 on them in engagement of two nodes of the segments: receiving 5 and the input 8 when assembling and disassembling each two segments 2 of the support-guide ring 1. Seat 9 (Fig. 3) for the latch 7 is made on the opposite end of the protruding part of the segment 2 (Fig. 2) of the input unit 8 of the support-guide ring 1 open on three sides and a depth of 1/6 to 1/2 with respect to the maximum width of the latch 7. The corners of the sides of the seat 9 are made with a radius sufficient for the release of the latch 7 from zats captive with mating stationary fastening elements of the "herringbone" 6 by means of a key (not shown in the figures) for disassembly segments.

On the flat part of the latch 7, several holes 10 are made (Fig. 3) for installing the key when disassembling the segments by turning the latch 7 with the key in the seat 9 (Fig. 3), where the corners of its sides are made with a radius R sufficient to bring it up from engagement with reciprocal fixed fastening elements of the herringbone type 6, made on the protruding part of the receiving node 5 as a single unit with the segment 2 of the support-guide ring 1.

On the outer part of the segments 2 of the guide ring 1, seats 11 are made, for example in the form of rectangular recesses, for installing interchangeable sliding bearings 4 and / or rolling bearings 3 (for pulling the pipe 12 into the protective casing 13 for short and long distances up to 8000 m). Seats 11 for installing interchangeable supports can be made not only rectangular, but also in a different shape, ensuring the correct installation of supports on the ring.

On the inner (facing the pipeline 12) side of the segments 2, protrusions 16 are made, for example in the form of a roller (Fig. 6), to prevent the support ring 1 from slipping on the rubber gasket 17 relative to the pipeline 12 when dragging it into the protective casing 13 (Fig. one).

On the segments of the support-guide rings between the seats 11 of the interchangeable rolling bearings 3 and sliding bearings 4 there are devices for attaching the protective pipes 18 for communication cables 19 (Fig. 2), made in the form of the used protective pipes 18.

Support-guide rings 1 with rolling bearings 3 and / or with sliding bearings 4 are assembled onto a pipe 12 dragged into the protective casing 13 as follows.

Segments 2 are assembled into a lash 20 (Fig. 5) without clamps 7 to the length necessary to cover the pipeline of a given diameter by manually entering the inlet unit 8 of one segment into the hole 21 of the inlet unit 5 from the inside of the other segment. The segments are fixed due to the protrusions 14, made, for example, in the form of a rounded rod, on the lateral surface of the input unit 8. To pass the input unit 8, grooves 15 are made in the opening 21 of the receiving unit 5 of the connected segment (Fig. 2) corresponding to the protrusions 14. After the insertion unit 8 of one segment is inserted into the hole 21 of the receiving unit 5 of the other segment and the protrusions 14 exit from the grooves 15, the segments 2 are fixed to each other, while the protrusions 14 are displaced from the grooves 15 and rest on the outer surface of the receiving unit 5, an obstacle By spontaneously disconnecting segments 2 from each other.

Interchangeable rolling bearings 3 and / or sliding bearings 4 are installed and fixed in the seats 11 of the segments 2. Interchangeable bearings can be installed in the seats 11 of each individual segment 2 before assembling the lash 20. If necessary, the interchangeable bearings can be installed and fixed in the landing places 11 after assembly and fastening of the support ring 1 on the pipe 12.

A rubber gasket 17 is fixed on the pipeline 12, the assembled lash 20 is put on it (Fig. 5), it is also fixed in the ring and all the clamps 7 are installed in the seats 9, one clamp 7 for one connection of every two segments 2, where they are gearing with each other. Then, the latches 7 (Fig. 3, 4) are manually advanced into the seats 9 in engagement with the reciprocal fixed herringbone-type fastening elements 6 made on one end protruding part of the receiving unit 5 as a single unit with the segment 2 of the support-guide ring 1. As a result of the movement of the clamps 7, made in the form of a wedge, the receiving 5 and the input 8 nodes are moved apart in opposite directions and fix the support-guide ring 1 on the pipe 12. Fastening elements of the herringbone type 6 on the surface of the retainer 7 and the response The herringbone-type fastening elements 6, made on one end protruding part of the receiving unit 5, prevent the backward movement of the latch and the weakening of the support guide ring 1 fixed to the pipeline 12. The protrusions 16 in the form of a roller on the inner side of the segments 2 prevent the displacement of the support guide ring 1 on the rubber gasket 17 when pulling the pipe 12 into the protective casing 13.

The remaining support guide rings 1 are assembled on the pipe 12 in a similar manner.

At the same time, during assembly, the moment of final tightening of the segments 2 of the support-guide ring 1 is tightened by a clamping device (not shown in the figures) and the step control between the support-guide rings 1 on the pipe 12.

Then, pipe layers (not shown in the figures) pipe 12 with mounted support rings are pulled into a protective casing 13, which is laid under the road. The pipe 12 is dragged inside the protective casing 13 along its inner wall on the support rings 1, which take the load of the pipe 12 being pulled The load is distributed on the segments of the support ring and on the supports, which are mounted on the lower half ring of the support ring 1 and carry the main load.

In the operation of the pipeline transition, the supports perceive shock loads through the protective casing 13 from vehicles moving above the transition and absorb them due to supports made of plastic, as well as due to rubber gaskets 17 mounted under the support guide rings 1, protecting the pipeline 12 from vibration and destruction. In addition, shock damping helps prevent the propagation of microcracks on the transition pipeline.

If necessary (for example, to eliminate the malfunction or in case of improper installation), the support-guide ring 1 can be disassembled in the following way.

A key (not shown in the figures) is inserted into the holes 10 on the flat part of the retainer 7 to disassemble the segments of the support-guide ring, the retainer 7 is turned with a key in the seat 9 and the retainer is disengaged from the reciprocal fixed herringbone-type fastening elements 6. Side angles the seats 9 are made with a radius R sufficient to bring the latch 7 up out of engagement with the reciprocal fixed herringbone-type fastening elements 6 made on the protruding part of the receiving unit 5. Then two segments of the support The bore ring is manually disconnected from each other. To separate the segments, the protrusions 14 on the side surface of the input unit 8 are inserted into the grooves 15 made in the hole 21, then the input unit 8 is pushed out of the opening 21 of the receiving unit 5 so that the protrusions 14 completely pass through the grooves 15 and the segments are separated from each other.

The remaining segments of the support ring are disconnected in a similar manner.

The support ring passed tests and showed positive results in terms of the operational assembly and disassembly of the support ring with interchangeable rolling bearings and / or sliding supports for pulling the pipeline into the protective casing for short and long distances up to 8000 m. Using the proposed support ring allows to reduce installation time, cost and number of repairs of pipeline crossings laid under roads, engineering structures and water barriers, where humidity in the pipeline transition is 100%.

Claims (8)

1. A support-guide plastic collapsible ring for dragging the pipeline inside the protective casing, used in the construction of pipeline crossings under roads, water barriers, engineering structures, made of segments with supports assembled on the transition pipeline using clamps in the form of a wedge, and on the side surface the wedge is formed by fastening elements of the herringbone type, characterized in that on the outer part of the segments the seats are made in the form of a rectangular recess in which Interchangeable sliding bearings and / or rolling bearings are installed and fixed, reciprocal fixed herringbone fastening elements are made on one end protruding part of the receiving unit of the segment to move the latch on them in the engagement of two segments during assembly and disassembly of each two segments, on the opposite end the protruding part of the entry node of each segment is made a seat for the latch, open on three sides and a depth of 1/6 to 1/2 with respect to the maximum width of the latch, and the angle Its sides are made with a radius sufficient for the latch to engage with reciprocal fixed herringbone fastening elements in the case of disassembling the support ring using a key inserted into the holes on the flat part of the latch to prevent spontaneous disconnection of the segments from each other during the segments are assembled into the lash and later, when the lash is mounted in the support-guide ring, protrusions are made on the side surface of the entry segment assembly, and in the opening of the segment reception node Corresponding grooves are provided. 2. The support-guide ring according to claim 1, characterized in that on the seats on the inner side of the segments protrusions are made in the form of a roller to prevent the support-ring from shifting on the rubber gasket relative to the pipeline when dragging it into the protective casing. 3. The support-guide ring according to claim 1, characterized in that on the segments between the seats of the interchangeable rolling bearings and / or sliding bearings, respectively, devices for fastening the protective pipes of communication cables in the form of the used protective pipes are made. 4. The support-guide ring according to claim 1, characterized in that the interchangeable sliding bearings are installed and fixed in the seats of the segments located in its upper part. 5. The support-guide ring according to claim 1, characterized in that the interchangeable rolling bearings are installed and fixed in the seats of the segments located in its lower part. 6. The support-guide ring according to claim 5, characterized in that in the seats of the segments located in its lower part, one or more sliding bearings are additionally installed between the rolling bearings with a height dimension reduced by less than or equal to 1 / 3 radius of the roller in the rolling support. 7. The method of assembly of the support ring according to any one of paragraphs. 1-6 on the transition pipeline, characterized in that the segments are pre-assembled without locks in a lash up to the length necessary to cover the pipeline of a given diameter, by manually entering the inlet node of one segment into the opening of the inlet node from the inside of the other segment, while preventing disconnection segments from each other, the protrusions on the side surface of the inlet node of the segment are threaded through the corresponding grooves in the hole of the receiving node of the connected segment, after which the lash is put on the pipeline , also fix it in the ring and install it in the seats one lock on the connection of each two segments, where they mesh with each other, then the clamps are manually advanced into the seats of the segments in mesh with the reciprocal fixed herringbone-type fastening elements made on one of the end protruding part of the receiving node of the segment, as a result of the movement of the clamps made in the form of a wedge, the receiving and input nodes are moved apart in opposite directions and finally fix the weight distribution, the guide ring on the transition duct. 8. The method of disassembling the support guide ring according to any one of paragraphs. 1-6 on the transition pipeline, characterized in that a key is inserted into the holes on the flat part of the retainer to disassemble the segments of the support-guide ring, the retainer is turned with the key in the seat and the retainer is disengaged from the reciprocal fixed herringbone-type fastening elements, after which the two segments of the support ring are disconnected from each other, then the remaining segments of the support ring are disconnected in a similar manner.

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