RU2622668C2 - Log cutting method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: wood industry.

SUBSTANCE: perform logs debarking, longitudinal cutting, drying. The longitudinal logs cutting of is carried out according to the specified runout, so that the transverse dimensions of the produced lumber are varied in proportion to the log diameter.

EFFECT: increased timber yield, while cutting the log.

7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the woodworking industry and can be used in the manufacture of lumber.

A known method of producing glued lumber from logs (options). According to the proposed variants of the method, the rounded logs are sawn into blanks with a cross section in the form of a rectangle or square and, accordingly, two isosceles triangles or four isosceles triangles or trapezoid. Then the workpieces are dried and glued together with inclined sides [Method for the production of glued sawn timber from logs (options): 2415749 Ros. Federation: IPC В27В 1/100 / Chervinsky V.A., Boldyrev B.C., Schepkin V.B., Kozhukhova I.G .; Applicants and patent holders: Voronezh State Forestry Academy State Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education. - No. 2009122221/21; declared 06/09/2009; publ. 04/10/2011.]. The disadvantage of this method is the large amount of waste resulting from the cylindering of logs and, as a result, cutting off the entire peripheral zone of the log.

A known method of cutting logs, including longitudinal cutting, removing bark from the core parts along the run, drying, turning and joining. The longitudinal cutting of logs is carried out in parallel with two opposite generators with obtaining shortened lumber from the central zone of the log. In the case of the longitudinal cutting of the core parts of several logs, the edges are filed parallel to the longitudinal axis. After drying and additional processing, the obtained preforms are turned 180 ° relative to each other and connected to a timber. The core part of round timber obtained as a result of longitudinal cutting is turned 90 ° and sawn into sawn timber of variable rectangular section. After drying and additional processing, sawn timber of variable rectangular cross-section is rotated 180 ° relative to each other and connected along the edge into a shield. For unedged lumber, the bark is removed along the run at an angle to the layers, they are turned 180 ° relative to each other and connected together along the edge into a shield [Method of cutting logs: US Pat. 2524187 Ros. Federation: IPC B27B 1/100 / Mikryukova E.V., Toropov A.S., Derbeneva I.P .; Applicants and patent holders: Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education “Volga State Technological University”. - No. 2012153657/13; declared 12/11/2012; publ. 07/27/2014]. This method is adopted as a prototype. The disadvantage of the prototype is the large number of passes when cutting logs and the need to use additional treatments of parts, which generally increases the labor and energy intensity of the process of obtaining finished products.

The technical task is to increase the yield of lumber, as well as reducing waste and labor intensity when cutting logs.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the efficiency of using all the wood of the trunk when processing it into sawn timber by reducing the number of cuts and rational cutting.

The claimed invention is illustrated in FIG. 1-7.

In FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal cutting of a log: 1 - a truncated beam, 2 and 3 - pyramid-shaped elements, at the base of which are rectangular triangles.

In FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional diagram of a beam obtained by joining elements 1, 2, and 3 sawn from a log.

Various combinations of elements 1, 2 and 3 are possible when they are connected in the structure (Fig. 2-5).

In FIG. 6 shows a variant of longitudinal cutting of a log, where 4 is a trapezoidal element, 5 is a pyramid-shaped element at the base of which is an equilateral triangle, 6 is a pyramid-shaped element at the base of which is a rectangular triangle.

In FIG. 7 is a diagram of a cross section of a beam obtained by connecting elements 4, 5 and 6.

The essence of the claimed invention is as follows.

Before sawing logs are subjected to rough debarking with preservation, full or partial, of the bast layer. Next, carry out the cutting of logs. According to the first option, during longitudinal cutting of the logs on the first pass along a given run, the beam 1 is cut, so that its transverse dimensions change in proportion to the change in the diameter of the log. When setting the runoff value, the necessity of obtaining other elements from the log with dimensions proportional to the transverse dimensions of the beam is taken into account. In the second pass, pyramid-shaped elements 2 and 3 are obtained, the dimensions of which also vary in proportion to the change in the diameter of the log. For these elements, the smallest layer should be equal to half of the smallest layer of timber 1. For the obtained elements, the edges are sawn along a given run. After drying and additional machining, the lower elements 3, the upper elements 2 and the truncated beam 1 are connected by side surfaces in various combinations to obtain beams of different sizes.

In the second variant of cutting, at first two trapezoidal elements 4 are obtained, the dimensions of which vary in proportion to the change in the diameter of the log. Next, one element is cut into four pyramid-shaped elements, at the base of two of which lies an equilateral triangle 5, at the base of the other two, a rectangular triangle 6. Then, after drying and additional machining, all elements 4, 5 and 6 are connected by side surfaces to the beam.

The implementation of these methods allows for the reduction of waste to make fuller use of wood logs, and also with a minimum number of mechanical treatments allows you to get beams of circular cross section with a rectangular cross section with different bending stiffness.

Claims (1)

A method of cutting logs, including debarking, longitudinal cutting, drying, characterized in that the longitudinal cutting of the logs is carried out according to a given run, while the transverse dimensions of the resulting lumber vary in proportion to the change in the diameter of the log.

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