RU2536129C1 - Method of cutting round timber - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: woodworking industry.

SUBSTANCE: after defining boundaries of separation of the central quality zone from the peripheral one, the longitudinal cutting of round timber is carried out, to obtain the two-edged cant covering all the timber of the central quality zone. Then the two-edged cant is cut to obtain the square cant comprising all the timber of the central quality zone and comprising a part of the timber of the peripheral quality zone. At the next stage, the square cant is cut lengthwise along the planes connecting the middles of its adjacent sides to obtain a preform of the square cross section entirely of the timber of the central quality zone and four preforms of the triangular cross-section, containing the timber both of the central and peripheral quality zones. After drying and additional mechanical treatment the preforms of the triangular cross section are inverted with respect to each other in the vertical plane by 90° and bonded to each other in a panel or pasted block so that the timber of the central quality zone is located inside, and the peripheral - outside.

EFFECT: increased the quality timber yield.

2 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the woodworking industry and can be used when sawing round timber into sawn timber.

There is a problem when cutting round timber containing several high-quality zones. The central zone of round timber most often contains juvenile wood formed in the first 20-30 years of the tree's life. It differs from peripheral mature wood in quality. It can be determined by wider annual rings. In addition to juvenile wood, the central zone of round timber may be affected by a pseudo-nucleus, have fungal sound spots, or other defects.

When cutting round timber containing in cross section several high-quality zones separated by concentric circles, the problem arises of obtaining lumber of uniform quality, that is, wood containing mainly one high-quality zone.

There is a method of cutting round timber affected by radionuclides, including determining the shape and parameters of the affected layer and performing division in the longitudinal direction along mutually perpendicular planes parallel to the generatrix, tangent to the inner border of the affected layer, while separating the affected areas, then dividing in the longitudinal direction mutually perpendicular to the planes through the contact lines of healthy wood with the remaining affected layer, timber obtained after removal of the affected layers, are divided in the longitudinal direction parallel to the generatrix on the side and central parts, the central part is divided in the longitudinal direction parallel to the timber for the lateral parts and the remainder, the side parts are rotated relative to each other by 180 ° in vertical and horizontal planes, mate the treatment surface and connect between along the edge [1].

The disadvantage of this method of cutting is the low volume and high-quality output of lumber.

Another well-known method of cutting round timber is a beam-breakup method. It is carried out by dividing the logs parallel to their longitudinal axis into unedged boards and timber, which is equal in height to the width of the boards. In the next operation, the bars are cut into boards of a given thickness. As a result of the cutting of the beams within their sawn surfaces, edged boards with cross sections equal to or a multiple of the cross sections of the workpieces are obtained [2].

This method is adopted as a prototype, as the closest to the proposed result and technical features.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the low quality yield of lumber.

The present invention solves the problem of cutting round timber containing in cross section several quality zones.

The technical result of the invention is to enable the cutting of round timber containing in cross section several quality zones.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that after determining the boundary between the central quality zone and the peripheral one, longitudinal cutting of round timber is performed to produce a two-edged timber covering all the wood of the central quality zone, then its longitudinal cutting to produce a four-edged timber, including all the wood of the central quality zone and containing part wood of a peripheral quality zone, longitudinal cutting of a four-edged timber along the planes connecting the middle with between its sides, to obtain a blank of a square cross section made entirely of wood of the central quality zone and four blanks of a triangular cross section containing wood of both central and peripheral quality zones, after drying and additional machining, flip the blanks of a triangular cross section relative to each other in a vertical plane by 90 ° and fastening to each other in a shield or beam in such a way that the wood of the central quality zone was inside, and peripheral - outside. It is also possible transverse cutting of the obtained beam with the receipt of end shield elements.

Figure 1 shows the cuttable round timber; figure 2 - obtaining a two-edged beam, covering the entire Central quality zone; figure 3 - receiving four-bit timber; figure 4 is a longitudinal cutting of a four-bit beam along the planes connecting the middle of its adjacent sides; figure 5 - blank square cross-section entirely from wood of the Central quality zone; figure 6 - blank triangular cross-section, fastened in a shield or beam; Fig.7 is a transverse cutting of a beam with obtaining end shield elements and end shield element.

The method of cutting round timber having several quality zones is as follows. At the first stage, the separation border of the different quality zones of round timber 1 is determined. After the separation of the central quality zone 2 and the peripheral quality zone 3 is determined, cutting is performed to produce a two-edged timber 4, covering all the wood of the central quality zone 2, then the two-channel timber 4 is cut to obtain four-bit timber 5, including the entire central quality zone 2 and containing, in addition to the wood of the central quality zone 2, peripheral wood Qualitative zone. At the next stage, a four-bit timber 5 is longitudinally cut along the planes connecting the midpoints of its adjacent sides to obtain a square cross-section blank 6, consisting entirely of wood of the central quality zone and four triangular cross-section blanks 7, containing both central and peripheral quality wood zones. The resulting blanks of a triangular cross section 7 after drying and additional machining are turned 90 ° relative to each other in a vertical plane and fastened to each other in a shield 8 or timber 9 so that the wood of the central quality zone is inside and the wood of the peripheral quality zone is outside .

It is also possible transverse cutting of the beam 9 to obtain end panel elements 10, which can be used for decorative decoration of furniture or premises.

Information sources

1. The method of cutting round timber affected by radionuclides: US Pat. 2247022 ROS. Federation: IPC В27В 1/00 / Toropov A.S., Merkelov V.M., Zhidova E.V., Krasnova V.F .; applicant and patent holder Mariysk. state technical un-t. - No. 2003112404/03; declared 04/25/03; publ. 02/27/05. Bull. No. 6.

2. The technology of lumber / P.P. Aksenov [et al.]. - M .: Forest industry, 1976 .-- 478 p.

Claims (2)

1. A method of cutting round timber, including determining the boundary of separation of high-quality zones, longitudinal cutting, drying and bonding of blanks, characterized in that after determining the boundary of separation of the central quality zone from the peripheral one, longitudinal cutting of round timber is performed to obtain a two-edged beam covering all central quality wood zone, then its longitudinal cutting to obtain a four-edged timber, including all wood of the central quality zone and containing o part of the wood of the peripheral quality zone, longitudinal cutting of the four-edged timber along the planes connecting the midpoints of its adjacent sides, to obtain a square cross-section blank made entirely of wood of the central quality zone and four triangular cross-section blanks containing wood of both central and peripheral quality zones, after drying and additional machining, the blanks of a triangular cross section are turned over relative to each other in a vertical 90 ° planes and fasten together in a shield or beam in such a way that the wood of the central quality zone was inside, and the peripheral one was outside. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that after fastening the blanks of a triangular cross section into a beam, it is transversely cut into end shield elements.

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