RU2622262C2 - Method for obtaining selenium-carotene fodder additive - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: bioactive concentrate of pine needles is mixed with a 1% aqueous solution of sodium selenite (selenium content 45%) at the ratio by weight of 1.25: 1. Wherein the bioactive concentrate of pine needles is obtained from crushed pine twigs extracted with BR-2 gasoline at the ratio of needles: extractant - 1: 5 for 3-3.5 hours at the temperature of 70-95°C and the overpressure of 20-30 kPa.

EFFECT: obtaining a selenium-carotene fodder product.

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Description

The invention relates to feed production, in particular, to the production of biologically active products of natural origin used in animal husbandry.

In recent years, great importance has been attached to the use of environmentally friendly, biologically active elements and preparations in animal feeding, which have a positive effect on the biochemical, immunological, hematological and productive indicators of animals. The works of several authors [Anakina Yu.G. Selenium in animal feeding // Sheep breeding. 1990.-№2. S. 44-45. (one); Dunin I.M., Lebengartz Y.Z. Ecological aspects of the use of selenium in dairy cattle breeding // Agricultural Biology. 1997. No. 6. S. 71-81. (2); Kalnitsky B.D. Diseases associated with selenium deficiency and their prevention // Agriculture Abroad, 1980. No. 2. S. 18-20. (3); Prytkov Yu.N., Kokorev V.A., Kistina A.A. Optimization of selenium nutrition of young cattle. Saransk, 2007.250 p. (4); Prytkov Yu.N. Guryanov A.M., Kokorev V.A., Stupnikov M.V. Exchange, need and testing of selenium norms. Saransk: 2007.401 p. (5); Prytkov Yu.N., Kistina A.A., Guryanov A.M. The effectiveness of selenium-containing preparations in dairy cattle breeding. Achievements of science and technology of the AIC, No. 3, 2010. - P. 50-53. (6)] it is proved that the use of organo-selenium compounds helps to increase young growth and animal productivity, improve reproductive abilities, and normalize metabolism in the body. With this in mind, at this stage of the development of the science of feeding farm animals, the urgent tasks are to establish the biologically justified optimal doses of introducing selenium into the diets of repair young animals for growing and fattening heifers, cows, gobies, as well as studying the characteristics of the metabolism of this element in the animal body. Biologically active substances play an important role in the life of plants, animals and humans, regulating all vital processes (respiration, growth and development, metabolism, etc.). The chemical composition of biologically active substances is a large group of organic substances belonging to different classes: organic acids, alcohols, aldehydes, esters, alkaloids, flavonoids, vitamins, sterols, pigments, etc.

A promising raw material for obtaining feed additives is the plant biomass of coniferous forest. Wood greens contains a complex of substances with high biological activity, and is used fresh as a feed additive in poultry and livestock. When processing from woody greens get vitamin flour, natural healing extracts, essential oils, various dietary supplements.

The chemical composition of coniferous wood is represented by a wide range of minerals and organic compounds: 1 kg of wood contains up to 250 mg of carotene, up to 1200 mg of calcium and 320 mg of iron, in addition, it contains copper, zinc, cobalt, phosphorus, manganese , vitamins C, E, K, R. So, in needles there are 1.5-2 times more ascorbic acid than in lemons and oranges, and 25 times more than in onions and potatoes. The level of ascorbic acid in winter reaches 5000-6000 mg / kg, in the summer months a significant concentration of vitamin E (178 mg / kg).

Selenium is an indispensable trace element in the nutrition of animals, birds and humans. Its antioxidant properties are widely known. This microelement protects DNA from damage, ensures long and full-fledged work of cells, allowing you to direct the energy of the feed to the productivity of the animal.

Selenium affects the processes of tissue respiration and the immunobiological activity of the body; the biological interaction of selenium is known not only with vitamins A, E, C and K, but also with trace elements.

Selenium belongs to essential trace elements, it is part of such an important enzyme as glutathione peroxidase, which is part of the antioxidant system of protecting the body from external and internal influences, participates in the formation of thyroid hormones - thyroxine, and neutralizes the effects of heavy metals and radiation (which is important in connection with with environmental degradation).

A known method of producing a feed additive for livestock [Patent PNR No. 268833, A23K, 1989 (7)], where to obtain 1 kg of a vitamin supplement per 500 g of bone meal and 480 g of brewer's yeast add 20 g of magnesium carbonate, 50 g of copper carbonate and 0.5 g of sodium selenite. A disadvantage of the known feed additive is that it is difficult to achieve system homogeneity in a dry mixture, sodium selenite quickly evaporates or oxidizes, thus reducing its concentration in the mixture after 2-3 months of storage.

Sodium selenite can accumulate in the lower layers of the finished feed mixture, which leads to an increase in the concentration of selenium, and subsequently to an overdose and poisoning of animals.

Various feed additives based on zeolites (clinoptilolite, permite) are known. Known immunomodulating feed additive containing zeolite flour and polypeptides isolated from the organs of the immune system of young cattle [Patent RU No. 2194419, A23K 1/16, 1/175, 2002 (8)].

The disadvantage of these feed additives is a narrow spectrum of action and the lack of essential essential trace elements in the compositions of the additives.

Known feed for the prevention of selenium and iodine deficiency in farm animals and birds [Patent RU No. 2189762, A23K 1/16, 1/175, 1995 (9)]. To stabilize the quantitative content of selenium and iodine, to increase the shelf life, aqueous solutions of potassium iodide, sodium selenite and an alcoholic solution of crystalline iodine are added to the starch paste, dried and ground to a powder state.

The disadvantage of this feed is a multi-stage, high energy consumption of the production process.

A known method of obtaining products from wood coniferous herbs, for example, natural coniferous extract, chlorophyll-carotene paste and coniferous vitamin flour [Patent RU 2041646, A23K 1/00, 1992 (10)] (prototype). The method provides a two-stage extraction of green wood fir and pine. This increases the yield of extractive substances while preserving biologically active substances from destruction and allows more efficient use of waste wood greens. The obtained extracts can be further used in the diets of birds, animals, fur animals.

The disadvantage of this additive is its multicomponent and multi-stage process, as well as the absence of selenium in the finished product.

The aim of the invention is to obtain a seleno-carotene feed additive.

A method of obtaining a selenium-carotene feed additive is to mix a saponified bioactive coniferous concentrate with a 1% aqueous solution of sodium selenite (45% selenium content) in a ratio by weight of 1.25: 1.

The goal is achieved by the described method.

Raw materials - wood greens (chopped pine coniferous paw) —extracted with BR-2 gasoline at a ratio of needles: extractant 1: 5 for 3-3.5 hours at a temperature of 70-95 ° C and an overpressure of 20-30 kPa. After extraction is complete, the gasoline extract is pumped to settling tanks, where coagulation and deposition of waxy products takes place for 12-16 hours. After sedimentation, the gasoline extract is filtered through nylon fabric and pumped into a distillation cube to distill gasoline. The bottom residue, which is the sum of the extractives, is hot poured into a saponifier reactor, where the fatty and resin acids are neutralized with a 37% aqueous NaOH solution under effective stirring and at a temperature of 70 ° C for 1 hour. An aqueous solution of sodium selenite (selenium content of 45%) with a concentration in the aqueous solution of 1% in the ratio of bioactive coniferous concentrate: sodium selenite 1.25: 1 is introduced into the resulting product - bioactive coniferous concentrate. At the output, we obtain a selenium-carotene complex feed additive.

Selenium-carotene feed additive is a homogeneous, dense mass of dark green color with a characteristic coniferous smell. The drug is completely soluble in water, and partially in organic solvents (alcohol, gasoline, acetone). Physico-chemical parameters of the obtained seleno-carotene feed additives are presented in table 1.

When using selenium-carotene feed additives in animals, the general condition improves, immunobiological activity, productivity increases.

Information sources

1. Anakina Yu.G. Selenium in animal feeding // Sheep breeding. 1990. - No. 2. S. 44-45.

2. Dunin I.M., Lebengartz Y.Z. Ecological aspects of the use of selenium in dairy cattle breeding // Agricultural Biology. 1997. No. 6. S. 71-81.

3. Kalnitsky B. D. Diseases associated with selenium deficiency and their prevention // Agriculture Abroad, 1980. No. 2. S. 18-20.

4. Prytkov Yu.N., Kokorev V.A., Kistina A.A. Optimization of selenium nutrition of young cattle. Saransk, 2007.250 s.

5. Prytkov Yu.N., Guryanov A.M., Kokorev V.A., Stupnikov M.V.

Exchange, need and testing of selenium norms. Saransk: 2007.401 s.

6. Prytkov Yu.N., Kistina A.A., Guryanov A.M. The effectiveness of selenium-containing preparations in dairy cattle breeding. Achievements of science and technology of the agro-industrial complex, No. 3, 2010. - P.50-53.

7. Copyright certificate No. 1687222, A23K 1/16, 1991

8. Patent RU No. 2194419, A23K 1/16, 1/175, 2002

9. Patent RU No. 2189762, A23K 1/16, 1/175, 1995.

10. Patent RU 2041646, A23K 1/00, 1992 (prototype).

Claims (1)

A method of producing a seleno-carotene feed additive, characterized in that the bioactive coniferous concentrate is mixed with a 1% aqueous solution of sodium selenite (45% selenium content) in a ratio by weight of 1.25: 1, wherein the bioactive coniferous concentrate is obtained from crushed coniferous paws pine, which is extracted with BR-2 brand gas at a needles: extractant ratio of 1: 5 for 3-3.5 hours at a temperature of 70-95 ° C and an overpressure of 20-30 kPa.