RU2621998C1 - Emulsifying device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry.

SUBSTANCE: emulsifying device contains a vertical housing, a feeding tray for initial components, a trough-like mixer with two coaxially mounted shafts. The housing consists of three chambers: the upper heating one, the lower mixing one, and the cylinder-conical crystallization chamber. In the heating cone-shaped chamber, a hollow tray is installed along the helical line, made in the form of a spiral, into the hollow part of which a hot coolant is supplied. The upper tray belt has projections along the edges. The lower mixing trough-like chamber is located under the upper heating chamber and is connected to the cylinder-conical crystallization chamber. A high-speed shaft and a low-speed shaft are coaxially arranged inside the lower mixing and the cylinder-conical chambers. The low-speed shaft is arranged inside the high-speed one. Scrapers, a ribbon coil, and vertical bell-shaped mixers are fixed on the high-speed shaft. Hollow heat-exchange plates connected in series with each other by pipes for cold coolant are fixed with equal pitch to the inner wall of the cylinder-conical crystallization chamber. In each plate, in addition to the central opening, there are four sector openings for the product passage. Sectoral jumpers for the zigzag motion of the cold coolant inside them are installed inside the hollow heat-exchange plates. The sector openings of adjacent plates are displaced relative to each other by 30°.

EFFECT: use of the invention will allow to enhance the quality of the resulting product.

6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the food industry, in particular to equipment for producing emulsions.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved effect is a mixer [US Pat. No. 2502549. IPC B 01 F 3/08 (2006/01). Emulser / Ostrikov A.N., Gorbatova A.V .; FSBEI of HE "Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies". (RU) - No. 2012118119 / 05.№. Claim 05/03/2012. Publ. 12/27/2013. BI No. 36], in the upper part of the rectangular case of which two inclined feed trays are installed, the lower plane of which is heated with hot water, spray nozzles for supplying liquid components are installed under the trays in two opposite side walls of the case. The rectangular housing is vertically mounted on a trough-shaped mixer. The mixer includes two sequentially arranged chambers, the first chamber is located under the cylindrical rectangular body, and the second in the cone-shaped part extending beyond the body. High-speed and low-speed shafts are coaxially located inside the mixer. A low-speed shaft is located inside the high-speed shaft and passes through two chambers, and a high-speed shaft is only through the first chamber. On the high-speed shaft of the mixer located in the first chamber, two tape spirals of different diameters with opposite windings and a forcing screw are fixed; on a low-speed shaft passing through the second chamber of the mixer, a cone-shaped forcing screw of a variable pitch and diameter is mounted.

The disadvantages of the mixer are: significant energy consumption due to irrational conduct of the process of thermomechanical effects on the initial mixture; uneven distribution of components in the resulting mixture and its insufficient whipping due to the imperfect design of the mixer, which does not take into account the peculiarities of the physicomechanical properties of the starting components.

An object of the invention is the rational conduct of the process of thermomechanical effects on the initial mixture by optimizing the nature of the movement of the product and ensuring the maintenance of a given temperature regime, the maximum universalization of the design of mixing mechanisms, taking into account the peculiarities of the physico-mechanical properties of the starting components; receiving functional spreads.

The object of the invention is achieved in that in an emulsifier containing a vertical housing, a feeding tray for the starting components, a trough-shaped mixer with two coaxially mounted shafts, the new one is that the housing consists of three chambers: an upper heating chamber, a lower mixing chamber and a cylinder conical crystallization chamber, in the upper heating cone-shaped chamber, a hollow tray made in the form of a spiral is installed along a helical line, hot coolant is supplied to the hollow part, and the upper ribbon of the tray it has protrusions about the edges, the lower mixing trough-like chamber is located under the upper heating chamber and is connected to the cylinder-conical crystallization chamber, inside the lower mixing and cylinder-conical crystallization chambers, high-speed and low-speed shafts are coaxially located, and the low-speed shaft is located inside the high-speed, on the high-speed shaft located in the lower mixing chamber, scrapers, a tape spiral and vertical whisk mixers mounted with the possibility of rotational movement are fixed from bevel gears located between the low-speed and high-speed shafts, on the low-speed shaft passing through the cylinder-conical crystallization chamber, frame inclined scrapers are mounted, in addition, hollow heat-exchange plates are connected to the inner wall of the cylinder-conical crystallization chamber with equal pitch, connected in series with each other by nozzles for cold coolant, in each plate, in addition to the central hole, there are four sector openings for the passage of the product, inside hollow heat oobmennyh sector plates installed jumper for zigzag motion cold coolant inside them, the sectorial holes of adjacent plates are displaced relative to each other by 30 °.

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of the design of the emulsifier, FIG. 2 - a high-speed shaft with scrapers, a tape spiral and whisk mixers (section B-B in FIG. 1), in FIG. 3 - bevel gear between low-speed and high-speed shafts (view G in FIG. 1), in FIG. 4 - heat transfer plate (section BB in FIG. 1), in FIG. 5 - tray (section AA in FIG. 1), in FIG. 6 - volumetric image of the emulsifier.

The emulsifier (Fig. 1 and Fig. 6) includes a vertical casing 1, consisting of three chambers: the upper heating 2, the lower mixing 3 and the cylinder-conical crystallization chamber 4.

The upper heating chamber 2 has a conical shape. In the upper heating conical chamber 2, a hollow tray 5 made in the form of a spiral is installed along a helical line. Hot coolant (for example, hot water, steam) is supplied into the hollow part of the tray 5 (for example, hot water, steam) through the nozzle 6. The spent coolant is removed through the nozzle 7. Heating of the initial components is necessary to reduce their viscosity and uniformly spread over the entire area of the heated surface of the tray 5 The upper ribbon of the tray 5 at the edges has protrusions 8 (Fig. 5), which facilitate the movement of the product on the surface of the tray 5 and prevent runoff from its side walls.

The lower mixing chamber 3 has a trough shape. It is located under the upper heating chamber 2 and is connected to the cylinder-conical crystallization chamber 4. Inside the lower mixing chamber 3 and the cylinder-conical crystallization chamber 4, high-speed 10 and low-speed 9 shafts are coaxially located. A low-speed shaft 9 is located inside the high-speed shaft 10. On the high-speed shaft 10, scrapers 11, a tape spiral 12 and vertical whisk mixers 13 are fixed (Fig. 2). Corollary mixers 13 are mounted with the possibility of rotational movement from bevel gears 14 located between low-speed 9 and high-speed 10 shafts (Fig. 3). The proposed design of the scrapers 11, tape spiral 12 and vertical whisk mixers 13 provides intensive mixing, bringing them to the required degree of uniformity in accordance with the requirements of the technology.

Hollow heat exchange plates 16 are connected to the inner wall of the cylinder-conical crystallization chamber 4 with equal pitch, connected in series with each other by pipes 17 for cold coolant.

In each heat transfer plate 16, in addition to the central hole 18, there are four sector openings 19 for product passage (Fig. 4).

On a slow-moving shaft 9 passing through a cylinder-conical chamber 8, frame inclined scrapers 15 are fixed between the heat exchange plates 16.

Inside the hollow heat exchange plates 16, sector jumpers 20 are installed (Fig. 4) for zigzag motion of the coolant inside them, and the sector openings of adjacent plates 16 are offset by 30 ° relative to each other. At the end of the low-speed shaft 9, a cone-shaped forcing screw 21 of variable pitch and diameter is mounted, and at the outlet of the cylinder-conical crystallization chamber, an unloading hole 23 is mounted.

In the upper cover of the housing 1 above the tray 5 there are loading nozzles 22 for supplying the starting components (for example, butter, vegetable oils, emulsifier, etc.).

The shafts 9 and 10 are driven in rotation with different frequencies from the electric motors, which in FIG. 1 and FIG. 6 are not shown.

The emulsifier (Fig. 1 and Fig. 6) works as follows.

Hot coolant (for example, hot water, steam) is supplied into the hollow part of the tray 5 through the nozzle 6. The spent coolant is discharged through the nozzle 7.

The feed components 22, for example various types of oils, are fed through the loading nozzles 22 onto the surface of the tray 5. The starting components, heated from the heated surface of the tray 5, reduce their viscosity and spread evenly over the entire area of the inclined surface of the tray 5.

The hollow tray 5, made along a helical line, ensures efficient draining of the mixture of heated components. In this case, the initial components are in contact with each other, mixed and flow from the surface of the tray 5 in the form of a thin emulsion film. An emulsion is a dispersion of microscopic particles from one fluid to another. To stabilize the system, a third component (emulsifier) is introduced into the emulsion, which prevents or slows down phase separation.

A mixture of the starting components (vegetable oil, butter, emulsifier, etc.) flows from the upper heating chamber 2 into the lower mixing chamber 3.

Then, with the help of the drives, the high-speed shaft 10 and the low-speed shaft 9 are rotated. The high-speed shaft 10, with the help of scrapers 11 mounted on it, a tape spiral 12 and vertical whisk mixers 13, performs the final mixing of the product. The proposed design of the scrapers 11, tape spiral 12 and vertical whisk mixers 13 provides intensive mixing of the mixture of components, bringing them to the required degree of uniformity in accordance with the requirements of the technology.

Then a homogeneous mixture of components is fed into the cylinder-conical crystallization chamber 4. At the same time, a coolant (for example, brine) is supplied into the hollow heat exchange plates 16 connected in series with each other by nozzles 17. Installed inside the hollow heat transfer plates 16, sector jumpers 20 provide a zigzag motion of the coolant inside them.

Slow-moving shaft 9 with inclined frame scrapers 15 located on it slowly moves the product to the discharge opening 23.

Using the supplied cold coolant in a cylindrical conical crystallization chamber 4, a homogeneous mixture of components is cooled to the desired temperature.

The mixture of components is subjected to intense and optimal thermomechanical effects by optimizing the nature of the movement of the product through the Central holes 18 and sector holes 19 of the heat transfer plates 16 and ensuring the maintenance of a given temperature. This allows you to give the necessary uniformity and homogeneity to the structure of the resulting spread.

A necessary degree of turbulization of the flow moved by the frame inclined scrapers 15 is ensured by a displacement relative to each other by 30 ° of sector openings 19 of adjacent plates 16.

The cooled spread is transported by a cone-shaped forcing screw 21 to the discharge opening 23 and then sent to the packaging and packaging.

Thus, the use of the invention will allow:

- to optimize the process of thermomechanical impact on the feedstock, different in its physical and mechanical properties, due to the rational nature of the movement of the product and ensuring the maintenance of a given temperature in each chamber of the emulsifier, depending on their functional purpose;

- expand the scope due to the achieved universalization of mixing mechanisms, taking into account the characteristics of the physico-mechanical properties of the starting components;

- receive functional spreads, consisting of a mixture of various components, due to the solution of the problem of uniform distribution of the mixture components and the most rational temperature effect on them.

Claims (1)

An emulsifier containing a vertical housing, a feed tray for the starting components, a trough-shaped mixer with two coaxially mounted shafts, characterized in that the housing consists of three chambers: an upper heating chamber, a lower mixing chamber and a cylinder-conical crystallization chamber, a hollow cavity is installed in the upper heating conical chamber a tray made in the form of a spiral, into the hollow part of which hot coolant is supplied, and the upper ribbon of the tray has projections at the edges, the lower mixing trough-shaped chamber sits under the upper heating chamber and connects to the cylinder-conical crystallization chamber; inside the lower mixing and cylinder-conical crystallization chambers, high-speed and low-speed shafts are coaxially located, and the low-speed shaft is located inside the high-speed, on the high-speed shaft located in the lower mixing chamber, scrapers, a tape spiral and vertical whisk mixers installed with the possibility of rotational movement from bevel gears located between low-speed and quick on the low-speed shaft passing through the cylindrical-conical crystallization chamber, inclined frame scrapers are mounted, in addition, hollow heat-exchange plates are connected to the inner wall of the cylindrical-conical crystallization chamber with equal pitch, connected in series with each other by cold coolant pipes, in each plate except the central hole there are four sector openings for product passage, sector jumpers for zigzag patterns are installed inside the hollow heat exchanger plates th motion cold coolant inside them, the sectorial holes of adjacent plates are displaced relative to each other by 30 °.

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