RU2619806C1 - Antenna radiator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: radio engineering, communication.

SUBSTANCE: antenna radiator includes a flange and two vibrators. Each vibrator is equipped with a dielectric substrate with metallization, a feeding line and a group of contacts for connecting the transceiver equipment. The flange of antenna radiator in plan is made in form of circle, which is made up of sectors of flat plates with borders flanked at the edges along the radius. The dielectric substrate of each vibrator is made flat. The metallization on dielectric substrate is made of at least a pair of metallized patterns, first applied on the front side and a second on the back side of dielectric substrate. Wherein, the first metallized pattern is made of two loop-backs, each of which is provided with a shoulder and a strip, freed from metallization. The second metallized pattern is made of a single loop-back, which is provided with two symmetrical, multidirectional shoulders. And the vibrator loop-backs are located along the longitudinal axis of the antenna radiator. In the loop-backs through the dielectric substrate, the upper transition holes are made for the connection of metallized patterns elements, and the lower transition holes for the elements of connecting the vibrators to the flange. The feeding line is stretched in the band of loop-backs of the first metallized pattern of each vibrator, which has been freed from metallization. The group of contacts for connecting the transceiver equipment of each vibrator includes a central contact, connected to the initial point of supply line, and the side contacts, which are located near each other in area of first metallized pattern lower part. The side contacts are connected respectively to each loop-back of first metallized pattern and to loop-back of second metallized pattern. In addition, vibrators planes are interconnected crosswise and are installed between the walls of flanged edges of sectors perpendicular to flange plane with the possibility of electrical contact by means of fastening the elements which are located in the lower vibrator junctions, aligned with the flanged edges junctions of flange sectors.

EFFECT: obtaining the desired shape of radiated pattern and reducing the side lobes of antenna radiator.

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Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to the field of antenna technology, in particular to designs of antenna elements, designed both for transmission and reception of radio signals, and can be used in radar stations and complexes.

State of the art

The well-known "small-sized microwave antenna based on metamaterial", protected by RF patent No. 2473157 (IPC H01Q9 / 00, publ. 01.20.2013, application No. 2011146626 from 11.17.2011).

Known small-sized microwave antenna based on metamaterial includes an emitter, a dielectric support, which is located on the emitter, as well as a metamaterial located on the dielectric support. In this case, the metamaterial is made in the form of a layered structure with identical transverse dimensions with an emitter and a dielectric support. The transverse dimensions of the metamaterial do not exceed the wavelength. The emitter consists of: a metal screen; dielectric substrate; metal lining; feeder line for power supply. At the same time, a dielectric substrate is located on the metal screen, on which the metal plate is located. A feeder line for supplying power is electrically connected through a hole in the metal screen and the dielectric substrate with a metal plate. The well-known small-sized microwave antenna based on metamaterial can reduce the weight and size characteristics of microwave antennas while narrowing the radiation pattern, but does not provide the desired shape of the radiation pattern of the antenna emitter.

The well-known "Dipole antenna" according to the patent of the Russian Federation for invention No. 2546069 dated 12/27/2014 (IPC H01Q9 / 00, publ. 12/27/2014, application No. 2013128555 from 06/21/2013).

The known dipole antenna comprises a housing, a balancing device with dielectric filler, orthogonal dipole emitters, coaxial power lines, a reflective screen, a microstrip non-decoupled divider with a 90 ° phase-shifting line, and an RF connector with a cable. The radiating shoulders of the dipole emitter are made in one piece with the body in the form of prisms with bases of rectangular triangles. A cross-shaped balancing device with dielectric filler is cut in the first end of the housing between the orthogonal dipole emitters. The reflecting screen is located in the second end of the housing with a microstrip uncoupled divider with a phase shift line of 90 °. It is connected with coaxial lines supplying orthogonal dipole emitters. An RF connector with a cable is connected to the input of the microstrip divider. The technical solution of the prototype improves the design of the dipole antenna by simplifying the design of the arms of the dipole emitter and increases the reliability of the structure by reducing the number of structural elements, and also makes it possible to manufacture the radiating shoulders and the housing of the dipole antenna from one metal blank using turning and milling operations. The disadvantage of this solution is that it does not provide the desired shape of the radiation pattern and the reduction of the side lobes of the antenna. In addition, it does not allow printed metallized drawings on the surface of the dielectric substrate of a dipole vibrator.

For the closest analogue of the claimed invention, a technical solution can be made on the RF application for invention No. 2014115426 of 04.17.2014 “Combined microstrip antenna” (IPC H01Q9 / 00, published on 10.27.2015).

According to the indicated technical solution, the combined multivibrator microstrip antenna consists of pairs of arms combined into symmetrical vibrators. The pairs of shoulders of the vibrators are made in the form of a thin layer of metal deposited on a non-conductive substrate. Vibrator arm pairs have various sizes. The larger shoulders are hollow, and the smaller shoulders are entirely placed inside the larger shoulder. The technical solution of the prototype simplifies the design of the microstrip antenna due to the deposition of metal on a non-conductive substrate. But the combined multi-vibration microstrip antenna of the prototype does not provide the desired shape of the radiation pattern and the reduction of the side lobes of the antenna.

Disclosure of invention

The problem to which the claimed technical solution is directed is to create an antenna emitter with the desired radiation pattern and to ensure cost-effectiveness in its manufacture.

The technical result from the use of the claimed invention is to obtain the desired shape of the radiation pattern and reducing the side lobes of the antenna emitter.

The technical result from the use of the claimed invention is achieved in that the antenna emitter includes a flange and two half-wave dipole vibrators (hereinafter referred to as the vibrator). Each vibrator is equipped with a dielectric substrate with metallization, supplying a strip line (hereinafter referred to as a supply line) and a group of contacts connecting transceiver equipment. The flange of the antenna emitter in the plan is made in the form of a circle, which is composed of sectors of flat plates with flanged edges along the edges along the radius. The dielectric substrate of each vibrator is made flat. Metallization on a dielectric substrate is made of at least a pair of metallized patterns deposited first on the front side and second on the back side of the dielectric substrate. In this case, the first metallized pattern is made of two loops, each of which is equipped with a shoulder and a strip freed from metallization. The second metallized pattern is made of one loop, which is equipped with two symmetrical multidirectional shoulders. Moreover, the vibrator loops are placed along the longitudinal axis of the antenna emitter. In the loops through the dielectric substrate, the upper vias are provided for the elements of the connection of metallized patterns and the lower vias for the elements of fastening the vibrators to the flange. The supply line is stretched in the strip of loops of the first metallized pattern of each vibrator freed from metallization. The group of contacts for connecting the transceiver equipment of each vibrator includes a central contact located close to each other in the lower part of the first metallized pattern, which is connected to the starting point of the supply line, and side contacts. Side contacts are connected respectively to each of the loops of the first metallized pattern, and to the loop of the second metallized pattern. In addition, the plane of the vibrators are connected crosswise and installed between the walls of the flanged edges of the sectors perpendicular to the plane of the flange with the possibility of electrical contact by means of fasteners that are placed in the lower vias of the vibrator, combined with the holes of the flanged edges of the sectors of the flange.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The invention is illustrated in the following figures:

figure 1 - dipole vibrator with a General view of the antenna emitter;

figure 2 - dipole vibrator when viewed from the rear of the antenna emitter;

figure 3 - antenna emitter with crosswise connected first and second dipole vibrators when viewed from above;

4 is a group of contacts connecting the transceiver equipment of the dipole vibrator (fragment in an enlarged view).

In the figures, the numbers indicate the following positions:

1 - the first vibrator;

2 - second vibrator;

3 - the first metallized pattern of the vibrator;

4 - the second metallized pattern of the vibrator;

5 - dielectric substrate of the vibrator;

6 - the first loop of the first metallized pattern of the vibrator;

7 - the second loop of the first metallized pattern of the vibrator;

8 - the shoulder of the first loop of the first metallized pattern of the vibrator;

9 - the shoulder of the second loop of the first metallized pattern of the vibrator;

11 - a strip of a loop of the first metallized pattern of a vibrator;

12 - a loop of the second metallized pattern of the vibrator;

13 - the shoulder of the second metallized pattern of the vibrator;

14 - the upper vias of the vibrator;

15 - lower viral vias;

16 - vibrator feed line;

17 - central contact;

18 - the first side contact;

19 - second side contact;

20 - a flange;

21 - flange sector;

22 - flanged edge of the flange sector;

23 - holes flanged edges of the sectors of the flange;

24 - holes of the mounting flange of the antenna emitter;

25 - overlay with slots;

26 - group of contacts.

The implementation of the invention

The antenna emitter as part of the radar is designed both for transmitting and receiving radio signals, providing control of the launch and landing of rocket carriers and spacecraft.

45° относительно продольной оси антенного излучателя. Antenna emitter consists of a flange and two flat printed half-wave dipole vibrators (vibrators) 1 and 2 crosswise connected, the planes of which intersect at an angle of 90 ° to provide two receiving and transmitting channels with orthogonal polarization

45 ° relative to the longitudinal axis of the antenna emitter.

The antenna emitter includes a first vibrator 1 and a second vibrator 2. Each of the vibrators includes a dielectric substrate 5, which is made flat. The manufacture of a flat dielectric substrate can be provided, for example, from double-sided foil fiberglass. On the front and back side of the surface of the dielectric substrate 5 of the vibrator is made by printing a pair of metallized patterns 3 and 4.

One of the pair of printed metallized patterns 3, made on the front side of the surface of the dielectric substrate 5 of the vibrator, has two loops 6, 7. Each of the loops 6, 7 is equipped with a corresponding arm 8, 9 and a strip freed from metallization.

And the second printed metallized figure 4, made on the back side of the surface of the dielectric substrate 5 of the vibrator, includes one loop 12, which is equipped with two symmetrical multidirectional shoulders 13. The shoulders 8, 9, 13 are expediently made in the form of parallelograms.

In the places where the shoulders 8, 9, 13 are connected to the loops, in the upper part of the loops 6, 7, 12 of each vibrator, through the dielectric substrate 5, upper vias 14 are made for connecting elements of metallized patterns 3, 4 of the front and back sides of the vibrator.

In the metallization zone of the lower part of the loops 6, 7 on the front side of the dielectric substrate 5 and the loop 12 - on the back side of the dielectric substrate 5 of the vibrator through the dielectric substrate there are lower vias 15 for fastening elements that secure the vibrators to the antenna emitter flange 20.

The loops 6, 7 of the first metallized pattern 3, which are located on the front side of the dielectric substrate 5 of the vibrator 1, 2, have a strip 11 freed from metallization. On the loop 12 of the second metallized pattern 4 located on the back of the dipole vibrator 1, 2, unlike loops 6, 7 of the first metallized figure 3, the strip 11 of the loop freed from metallization is absent.

Each of the vibrators is equipped with a feed strip line 16 (feed line). The supply lines 16 of the first and second vibrators 1, 2 are identical. The feed line 16 of both the first 1 and the second vibrator 2 is placed and stretched in the strip of loops of the first metallized pattern 3 freed from metallization on the front side of the dielectric substrate 5 of each vibrator. It has an L-shaped shape and contains an initial section, which is located along the cable 6, a middle section, located across the cables 6, 7, and the terminal section, along the cable 7.

Each of the vibrators 1, 2 contains a group of contacts, which provides connection to the transceiver equipment. The group of contacts for connecting the transceiver equipment of each vibrator includes a central contact 17 and side contacts 18, 19 located close to each other in the lower part of the first metallized pattern 3. The central contact 17 is connected to the starting point of the supply line 16, and the side contacts 18 and 19 connected respectively to the lower part of the cables 6, 7 of the first metallized pattern 3. Moreover, the side contacts 18 and 19 are connected to the lower part of the cable 12 of the second metallized pattern 4 from the back of the dielectric eskoy substrate 5 of the vibrator.

In this case, the flange 20 is provided for mounting the vibrators 1 and 2 with each other. It is made in plan in the form of a circle of four sectors of flat plates 21 with edges 22 flanged at the edges along the radius 22. On the flanged edge 22 along the radius of sectors 21 of the flange 20, holes 23 are made for the fastening elements of the vibrators 1, 2 to the flange 20 with the electrical connection of the sectors 21 flanges 20 with metallized patterns 3 and 4 of the vibrator.

In addition, the plane of the vibrators 1 and 2 are interconnected crosswise. They are installed between the walls of the flanged edges of the sectors 21 perpendicular to the plane of the flange 20 with the possibility of electrical contact by means of fasteners. The fastening elements of each vibrator 1, 2 are placed in the lower vias of the vibrator 15, combined with the holes 23 of the flanged edge 22 sectors of the flange 20. The fastening of the vibrators 1, 2 to the flange 20 through the lower vias of the hole 15 and the holes 23 of the flanged edge 22 is possible, for example, using rivets.

For a more rigid mounting of the vibrators 1 and 2, an overlay 25 is provided with slots located in the upper part of the dielectric substrate 5 of the vibrators near the longitudinal axis of the antenna emitter. The pad 25 can be mounted on the vibrators 1 and 2, for example, with glue.

At the same time, holes 24 are made on the surface of sectors 21 of the flange 20 for mounting the antenna radiator on the power structure, the antenna sheet. The power structure of the antenna is not shown in the figures.

Figure 4 shows an antenna emitter containing two crosswise connected half-wave dipole vibrators 1 and 2 with the same polarization, the planes of which are located along the longitudinal axis of the antenna emitter.

When the antenna is operating for reception, an incident electromagnetic wave excites signals in dipole vibrators 1 and 2 of the antenna emitter, which are fed through supply lines 16 to contacts 17, 18, 19 and further to a receiving device (not shown).

45° относительно продольной оси антенного излучателя. An antenna emitter, consisting of two flat half-wave dipole vibrators crosswise connected, provides two receive-transmit channels with orthogonal polarization

45 ° relative to the longitudinal axis of the antenna emitter.

In production, the implementation form of dipole vibrators allows the use of printed circuit board manufacturing technology, which simplifies the production process of antenna emitters.

Claims (1)

An antenna radiator, comprising a flange and two vibrators, each equipped with a dielectric substrate with metallization, a supply line and a group of connection pins for receiving and transmitting equipment, characterized in that the antenna radiator flange in plan is made in the form of a circle composed of sectors of flat plates with flanged edges along the radius of the edges, the dielectric substrate of each vibrator is made flat, and its metallization is made of at least a pair of metallized patterns applied first to the front side and the second on the back side of the dielectric substrate, wherein the first metallized pattern is made of two loops, each of the loops equipped with a shoulder and a strip freed from metallization, and the second metallized pattern of one loop equipped with two symmetrical multidirectional shoulders, and the loops vibrators are placed along the longitudinal axis of the antenna emitter and through them through the dielectric substrate are made the upper vias for the elements of the connection of metallized units and lower vias for fastening elements of the vibrators to the flange, the supply line is stretched in the strip of loops of the first metallized pattern of each vibrator freed from metallization, the group of contacts for connecting the transceiver equipment of each vibrator includes a central center located close to each other in the lower part of the first metallized pattern a contact connected to the starting point of the supply line, and side contacts connected respectively to each of the loops of the first metallization lined pattern, and with a loop of the second metallized pattern, in addition, the plane of the vibrators are connected crosswise and installed between the walls of the flanged edges of the sectors perpendicular to the plane of the flange with the possibility of electrical contact by means of fasteners placed in the lower vias of the vibrator, combined with the holes of the flanged edges of the sectors flange.

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