RU2571914C2 - Integrated microstrip antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: radio engineering, communication.

SUBSTANCE: invention is intended for use in radio engineering devices for television, broadcasting and radio communication in UHF and microwave range. Disclosed is an integrated multi-dipole microstrip antenna consisting of pairs of arms combined into dipoles, said arms being made in the form of a thin metal layer deposited on a non-conducting substrate. The arm pairs have different sizes, wherein large arms have a hollow shape and smaller arm pairs can be wholly placed inside a large dipole arm.

EFFECT: multiple use of the area occupied by the antenna, which improves antenna directivity at certain frequencies.

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Description

The invention is intended for use in the composition of radio devices for television, broadcasting and radio communications in the UHF and microwave ranges.

Known microstrip antenna, which is a tape vibrator [1], consisting of two shoulders in the form of rectangular metal strips located on a dielectric substrate. The resonant wavelength of such an antenna λ _res depends on the relative dielectric constant of the substrate ε and the length of the vibrator arm ℓ:

The relative bandwidth of the operating frequencies of such an antenna is small and amounts to about 5% of the operating frequency. To increase the band of working frequencies, a strip of metal can be given a hexagonal shape [1].

To work in several frequency ranges, it is necessary to use several tape vibrators with different shoulder lengths (depending on the frequency at which these vibrators are tuned). Such vibrators are located on the same substrate next to each other and occupy a large area.

Also known ring microstrip antenna [1]. The inner (hollow) part of such an antenna can be used to place another ring antenna of a smaller radius in it.

The aim of the invention is the multiple use of the area occupied by tape microstrip vibrators, and, at the same time, ensuring the operation of the antenna in several spaced frequency ranges according to the size of the emitters, as well as increasing the directivity of the antenna at certain frequencies.

For this, a combined multivibrator microstrip antenna is proposed. It consists of pairs of arms combined in symmetrical vibrators, made in the form of a thin layer of metal, which is deposited on a non-conductive substrate. Moreover, pairs of shoulders have different sizes.

The achievement of the objective of the invention is achieved by giving the big shoulders a hollow shape (that is, removing part of the metal from the inner region of the strip of metal) and placing the shoulders of the smaller size entirely inside the shoulder of a larger size.

The second variant of the combined multivibrator microstrip antenna assumes that pairs of smaller arms are placed entirely inside the larger arm.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, in which:

- FIG. 1 - combined multi-vibration microstrip antenna;

- FIG. 2 - the second version of the combined multi-vibratory microstrip antenna.

The combined multivibrator microstrip antenna (Fig. 1) contains two symmetrical vibrators 1-2-3-4-5-6, 7-8-9-10-11-12 and 13-14-15-16-17, 18-19 -20-21-22-23, consisting of hexagonal-shaped arms located one inside the other, and a dielectric substrate 24. A metal screen 25 can be located at a certain distance from the back of the substrate 25. The structure is powered in the center by connecting the microwave generator to the points 4, 7 and 15, 23.

The second variant of the combined multivibrator microstrip antenna (Fig. 2) involves the placement of a smaller symmetric vibrator entirely inside the shoulder of a larger symmetric vibrator.

Ways to power the elements of a combined multivibrator microstrip antenna can be different. In this case, only the smallest vibrator can be active.

Combined multi-vibration microstrip antenna operates as follows. When connecting power in places 4, 7 or 15, 23 to one of the vibrators, a standing current wave forms in it. It is advisable to choose the size of the vibrators so that they are half-wave for their operating frequency. In this case, the directivity pattern (DN) of the vibrator will be in the form of a torus.

Each of the antenna elements radiates most intensively in the frequency band concentrated in the vicinity of the resonant (for this element) frequency. In the low-frequency region, the active radiating element is an external vibrator 1-2-3-4-5-6, 7-8-9-10-11-12, and an internal vibrator 13-14-15-16-17, 18-19 -20-21-22-23, being passive and having small dimensions, does not introduce distortions in the radiation pattern. In the high-frequency region, an internal vibrator is active. However, at these frequencies there is also a certain effect of the external vibrator on the internal one, leading to a slight distortion of the shape of the beam.

The radiation pattern of a combined multivibrator microstrip antenna is symmetrical about the axis of the vibrator. For the formation of unidirectional radiation parallel to the substrate, a conductive reflector screen 25 can be placed that is remote from the substrate by a certain distance selected from the condition of minimizing the standing wave coefficient and the level of back radiation.

When each pair of smaller shoulders is placed in each larger shoulder, forming a symmetrical vibrator, two elements spaced apart in space will emit at the resonant frequency of the smaller vibrator. As is known [3], with the joint emission of several identical elements, an increase in the directivity of the antenna is achieved.

The resonant frequencies of the emitters forming a combined multivibrator microstrip antenna can be selected from the condition of obtaining several spaced-apart working sub-bands or so that the bands of adjacent sub-bands are adjacent to each other, and the characteristics of the emitters would vary slightly within their operating band. In the second case, the combined multivibrator microstrip antenna will retain its characteristics in a wide frequency band.

Thus, the proposed combined multivibrator microstrip antenna allows more efficient use of the area allocated for the antenna, provides the reception / transmission of radio waves in several spaced frequency ranges, and improves the directional properties of the antenna.

LITERATURE

1. Panchenko B.A., Nefedov E.I. Microstrip antennas. - M.: Radio and Communications, 1986.

2. Carver K.R, Mink J.W. Microstrip antenna technology. / IEEE Trans, 1981, v. AP 29, No. 1. - p. 2-24.

3. Feld J.N., Benenson L.S. Fundamentals of the theory of antennas: Textbook. manual for universities. - 2nd ed., Revised. - M .: Drofa, 2007 .-- 491 p., Ill.

Claims (1)

Combined multi-vibrator microstrip antenna, consisting of pairs of arms combined into symmetrical vibrators, made in the form of a thin layer of metal deposited on a non-conductive substrate, characterized in that the pairs of arms are of different sizes, the larger arms being hollow and the whole larger arm is completely smaller pairs of shoulders.

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