RU2617338C2 - Rotary cutter with aerator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agricultural machine building and can be used in rotary cutter for formation of loose rolls at cutting natural and seeded grasses and acceleration of their drying. Rotary cutter with aerator comprises rotors (2) with vertical rotation axes, cutting elements (3) and curved plates (10) installed on the outer surface of the drums. On end rotors (2) of the cutter are installed drums (5) with beaters (9) of angular steel, longitudinally arranged on their surface, and on the central rotors - drums-aerators (4). Drums-aerators (4), representing detachable hollow truncated cones with covers in the upper part, bases rigidly attached to the rotors. They are equipped with curved plates (10), rigidly mounted on their external surface inclined at an acute angle relative to the direction and the plane of rotation of rotors (2) with drums-aerators (4), outer edges of which have variable radius, decreasing in direction of their rotation and does not exceed the radius of cutting edge, formed by ends of pivoted blades (3) of rotors (2).

EFFECT: provided simplifying of design, reducing of material consumption, intensification of drying grasses due to providing of their laying in the loose, good aerating rolls.

1 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery and can be used in rotary mowers for the formation of friable rolls when mowing natural and seeded grasses and accelerate their drying.

Known mower rotary gear mounted KR-2,4M "Agramak" [1]. The mower contains a hitch, a crossbeam, a balancing mechanism, a rotary cutting apparatus, a chipper, gears, a traction safety lock, and hydraulic equipment.

The disadvantage of the mower is the inability to form fluffy rolls to accelerate the drying of mowed grass.

Known rotary working body of the mower [2], containing a rotor with a vertical axis of rotation, a cutting element made in the form of a flat annular disk with a pointed outer edge mounted coaxially with the rotor and mounted on its lower base. The rotor is made in the form of a hollow truncated cone with an annular flange on the lower base and a spline hub at the upper base and has two curvilinear plates mounted on the surface of the rotor obliquely at an acute angle relative to the direction and plane of rotation. The outer edges of the curved plates mounted on the rotor have a variable radius, the value of which is less than the radius of the cutting edge of the disk cutting element and decreasing in the opposite direction of rotation.

The disadvantage of this working body is that its rotor, made in the form of a hollow truncated cone, a cutting element in the form of a flat annular disk with a pointed outer edge and two curvilinear plates rigidly fixed to the rotor when meeting with foreign objects during mowing, for example stones will be damaged. Therefore, the operation of rotary mowers with such working bodies is expensive, since they will need to be completely changed. Changing only a flat annular disk, difficult to manufacture, requires increased time. In addition, the use of such a design with inclined plates mounted on the surface of the rotor - a hollow truncated cone, designed to remove mowed grass from the cutting zone, is successfully solved by using hinged, easily removable half-screw knives on modern rotary mowers.

The purpose of the invention is to simplify the design, reduce material consumption, intensify the drying of mowed herbs by ensuring their stacking in fluffy, well-aerated rolls.

This goal is achieved in that the rotary mower with an aerator contains rotors with vertical axes of rotation, cutting elements and curvilinear plates mounted on the outer surface of the drums. On the extreme rotors of the mower there are drums with angle steel beaters located longitudinally on their surface, and on the middle rotors there are drums-aerators, which are removable hollow truncated cones with covers in the upper part, rigidly fixed by bases to the rotors, and the drums-aerators are equipped curvilinear plates rigidly mounted on their outer surface obliquely at an acute angle with respect to the direction and plane of rotation of the rotors with aerator drums, the outer edges of which have a variable radius decreasing in the direction of their rotation and not exceeding the radius of the cutting edge formed by the ends of the hinge knives of the rotors.

Aerator drums and drums with beaters are equipped with removable covers, which are fastened with screws on top to an annular flange made inside the drums and provided with holes for self-tapping screws and radius recesses located above the mounting bolts of the drum bases, with an offset of 45 ° relative to the holes for the screws.

In FIG. 1 shows a side view of a mower with an aerator; in FIG. 2 same, top view; in FIG. 3 side view of the aerator drum; in FIG. 4 same, top view without cover.

The rotary mower with an aerator comprises a supporting beam 1 with rotors 2 rotating towards each other with knives 3 pivotally mounted on them and vertically rigidly mounted on the middle rotors 2 by the aerator drums 4 and by the extreme rotors 2 (left and right) of the beaters 5, representing a removable hollow truncated cones, provided in the lower part with flanges 6, which are mounted on the rotors 2 and bolted 7 to the hubs 8 of the load-bearing beam 1. The leftmost and rightmost beater drums 5 have a large height in comparison with drums-aerators 4 for more efficient separation of the mown mass from the mowed grass stand. They are equipped with two beaters 9 longitudinally located on their surface, made of corner steel.

Outside, on the surface of the drum-aerators 4, two curvilinear plates 10 are fixed, mounted obliquely at an acute angle with respect to the direction and plane of rotation of the middle rotors 2 with drum-aerators 4. The outer edges of the plates 10 have a variable radius decreasing in the direction of rotation of the rotors 2 with drums-aerators 4. A wide part of the plates 10 is located in the lower part of the drums-aerators 4 behind the hinged knives 3 of the rotors 2 and forms the largest radius, gradually decreasing as the plate rises up. In the upper part of the aerator drums 4, it disappears, that is, it becomes the smallest, but in the next quadrant in the direction of rotation.

In the upper part of the drums-aerators 4 and drums-beaters 5 are equipped with removable covers 11, which prevent ingress of plant matter. They are mounted on top of the annular flange 12 located inside the drums 4, 5 and are attached to the flanging 12 with screws 13. For convenience, the flanges 6 of the drums 4, 5 are bolted 7 to the hubs 8 of the supporting beam 1 in the annular flanging 12 four radial recesses 14 for the end face are made key. The recesses 14 are located directly above the bolts 7, fastening the flanges 6 of the drums 4, 5 to the hubs 8, and are displaced relative to the holes 15 made in the annular flange 12 for screws 13 of the covers 11 at an angle of 45 °.

Rotary mower with aerator works as follows. When the tractor with the mower moves across the field, the torque from the tractor PTO is transmitted to the rotors 2 located on the supporting beam 1 with knives 3 pivotally mounted on the middle rotors 2 vertically by aerators 4 and on the extreme (left and right) drums-beaters 5, which are removable hollow truncated cones, provided in the lower part with flanges 6, which are mounted on the rotors 2 and are bolted 7 to the hubs 8 of the bearing beam 1.

When the rotary mower is moved to the grass stand, the hinge knives 3 of the rotors 2 cut the grass, and every two plates 10 of curved shape mounted on the outer surface of the aerator drums 4 obliquely at an acute angle with respect to the direction and plane of rotation of the middle rotors 2 with aerator drums 4, raise the mowed grass and smoothly lay them in a swath in well-aerated rolls, which significantly intensifies the process of drying. For this, the outer edges of the plates 10 have a variable radius decreasing in the direction of rotation of the rotors 2 with the aerator drums 4, and the wide part of the plates 10 is located in the lower part of the aerators 4 behind the hinged knives 3 of the rotors 2, and form the largest radius, gradually decreasing along as you lift the plate up. In the upper part of the aerator drums 4, it disappears, that is, it becomes the smallest, but in the next quadrant in the direction of rotation. For more efficient separation of the mowed mass from the mowed grass stand, the leftmost and rightmost drums 5 are equipped with beaters 9 longitudinally located on their surface, made of angle steel, and have a greater height in comparison with aeration drums 4.

Aerator drums 4 with curvilinear plates 10 rigidly fixed in pairs on their outer surface, and drums 5 with beaters 9 are removable for quick replacement if they are damaged. During operation, they are installed on the rotors 2 with flanges 6 and are rigidly attached with bolts 7 to the hubs 8 of the load-bearing beam 1.

In the upper part of the drums-aerators 4 and drums-beaters 5 are equipped with removable covers 11, which prevent ingress of plant matter. They are mounted on top of the annular flange 12 located inside the drums 4, 5, and are attached to the flanging 12 with screws 13. For convenience, the flanges 6 of the drums 4, 5 are bolted 7 to the hubs 8 of the supporting beam 1 in the annular flanging 12 four radial recesses 14 are made under socket wrench. The recesses 14 are located directly above the bolts 7, fastening the flanges 6 of the drums 4, 5 to the hubs 8, and are displaced relative to the holes 15 made in the annular flange 12 for screws 13 of the covers 11 at an angle of 45 °.

The use of a rotary mower equipped with removable beater drums when mowing grass stands, effectively separating the mowed mass from the mowed grass stand, and aerator drums with curvilinear plates rigidly fixed on their outer surface, which ensure that the mowed grass is laid in fluffy, well aerated rolls, makes it possible to intensify the process sagging, and also due to simplification of the design, significantly reduce the material consumption of the developed device compared to traditionally used in the national economy flattening rollers or air conditioning rotary mowers.

Information sources

1. Mounted rotary gear mower KR-2,4M "Agramak". Technical description and instruction manual. KR-2.4M.00.000.00. IE. - 2005 .-- 33 s.

2. Patent 2309573 RU, IPC A01D 34/63. Rotary working body of the mower / Sigaev E.A., Buziyan O.N., Chukhray S.A. (RU). - No. 2005141693/11; claimed December 29, 2005; publ. 11/10/2007, Bull. No. 31.

Claims (2)

1. A rotary mower with an aerator, containing rotors with vertical axes of rotation, cutting elements and curvilinear plates mounted on the outer surface of the drums, characterized in that on the extreme rotors of the mower are installed drums with angle steel beaters located longitudinally on their surface, and on the middle rotors - aerator drums, which are removable hollow truncated cones with caps in the upper part, rigidly attached with bases to the rotors, and the aerator drums are equipped curvilinear plates rigidly mounted on their outer surface obliquely at an acute angle with respect to the direction and plane of rotation of the rotors with aerator drums, the outer edges of which have a variable radius, decreasing in the direction of their rotation and not exceeding the radius of the cutting edge formed by the ends of the hinge knives rotors. 2. A rotary mower with an aerator according to claim 1, characterized in that the aerator drums and beater drums are equipped with removable covers that are fastened with screws on top to an annular flange made inside the drums and provided with holes for self-tapping screws and radius recesses located above the fixing bolts the bases of the drums, offset relative to the holes for screws at an angle of 45 °.

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