RU2616878C2 - Method for improving the quality of milk by means of ultrasonic processing in the flow-technological milking lines and primary processing - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry.

SUBSTANCE: milking, accounting, cleaning from mechanical impurities are carried out via tubular-flow filter with subsequent flow ultrasonication. Milk storage in the reservoir tank with additional ultrasonic treatment (sterilization). Transport of milk in a tank vehicle with ultrasonication. Thus storage and transportation of milk are carried out without cooling.

EFFECT: invention provides a bacterial milk purity, high efficiency, and ease of constructive solution.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of technology and mechanization of milking and primary processing of milk of cattle (cattle) and mainly for use in personal subsidiary and farms, as well as in pasture conditions.

The purpose of the method and device: improving the quality of milk and its shelf life in the process of primary processing, reducing energy consumption.

A mechanized flow-line production line for milking and primary milk processing is known, in which the movement of milk during and after milking is ensured by vacuum, including cattle milking, metering, cleaning of mechanical impurities, pre-cooling, storage with deep cooling, transportation (Mechanization and livestock production technology / V.V. Kirsanov, D.N. Murusidze, V.F. Nekrashevich and others - M .: KolosS, 2007.P. 437; 461-481).

The claimed production line provides the purification of milk from mechanical impurities and, for its safety, cools to a temperature of 2 ... 6 ° C during a period of time no later than the completion of the bactericidal phase (2.0 ... .2.5 hours).

The disadvantage of the above system is the safety of the original bacterial contamination of the milk, which does not change when it is cooled. The disadvantage is that it is not intended to destroy bacteria in the stream, and as a result, bacteria that come along with milk from the udder cavity, depending on the quality of the cows, as well as accumulated on the inner surfaces of the elements of the milking machine and other elements along the path of movement milk, enter the tank for cooling and storage and under all positive conditions, the Highest grade of milk, according to the standard of the Russian Federation, can contain up to 300,000 bacteria per ml, which is almost 30 times higher than the European standard. In addition, milk cooling is an energy-consuming process (Mechanization and livestock production technology / V.V. Kirsanov, D.N. Murusidze, V.F. Nekrashevich and others - M .: KolosS, 2007. P. 464-465).

A device for ultrasonic processing of flowing milk is known (patent RU 2510850 C2 IPC A01J 11/00, A23L 3/30, C02F 1/36, 01/29/2013).

The claimed device provides for the disinfection of milk and the destruction of bacteria through exposure to ultrasonic irradiation of milk in the stream.

The disadvantage of this device is the uncertainty of its installation in the technological chain of milk movement and, hence, the non-specificity of its production purpose.

A device for storing milk with cooling - a reservoir cooler (store) of milk (Mechanization and technology of livestock / V.V. Kirsanov, D.N. Murusidze, V.F. Nekrashevich, etc. - M .: KolosS, 2007. C . 481-482).

The claimed device uses the effect of heat transfer to cool milk to a temperature of 2 ... 6 ° C with stirring.

The disadvantage of the above device is the preservation of the initial bacterial contamination in the milk received for cooling, which does not change during cooling, and after the milk is introduced into the processing line and the temperature of the product is increased, the development of bacteria contained in milk is intensified and, accordingly, the quality of milk decreases. In addition, cooling milk using refrigeration units is an energy-intensive process.

A mobile device for transporting milk is known (patent RU 95974 U1 IPC A23C 3/02, 2006).

The claimed device consists in the pasteurization of milk during its transportation using the heat of an internal combustion engine. In this case, from the cooling system, the circulating working fluid is supplied to the coil of the heat exchanger, placed in the tank with the milk of the vehicle.

The disadvantage of the above device is its technological focus - heat treatment (pasteurization) of milk according to the principle of long pasteurization (63 ... 65 ° C with holding for at least 30 minutes), while heat treatment of the indicated temperature level does not guarantee the destruction of a group of bacteria belonging to the category thermophilic.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The objective of the invention is the creation of a primary milk processing system, characterized by ensuring bacterial purity, high efficiency and simplicity of the constructive solution, low energy consumption, including by eliminating the operation for preliminary cooling of milk.

The technical result of the claimed invention is to achieve high quality milk after milking, high shelf life.

This technical result is achieved in the possibility of using ultrasonic milk processing devices. Ultrasonic processing of milk in the milk line after milking and metering in the primary processing system is carried out in the stream after the milk receiver, from which it is removed by a pump and fed into the flow filter, removing mechanical impurities, then the milk enters through the flow-through ultrasonic processing device to the storage tank for storage and then - into the tank for transporting milk, in which sterilization of milk is ensured by the creation of ultrasonic vibrations in the form of additional processing (sterilization ) This eliminates the use of energy-consuming refrigeration units, including for pre-cooling milk, and the power for generating ultrasonic vibrations in the tank for transporting milk is removed from the tractor engine.

The proposed production line of milking and primary processing of milk with ultrasonic treatment at various stages is presented in the drawing.

The line includes the stages:

milking with milking machines 1,

metering with a device for metering milk 2, a milk receiver (milk receiver - air separator - flowing intermediate, not related to the storage of milk) and a milk vacuum pump for removing milk from the milk receiver and supplying it for cleaning from mechanical impurities,

purification of mechanical impurities by a flow filter tube 3,

Ultrasound treatment by a device for flowing ultrasonic treatment 4 after purification from mechanical impurities by a flowing tube filter,

storing milk in the storage tank 5 after flow-through ultrasonic treatment with additional ultrasonic processing of milk (sterilization) by a device for additional ultrasonic processing of milk 6. The sterilized milk after storage in the vehicle’s tank is supplied with a milk pump,

transporting milk in the tank of the vehicle 7 with additional ultrasonic treatment with a device for additional ultrasonic processing (sterilization) of milk 8 when powering the ultrasonic vibrations generator from the engine of the transport tractor.

Thus, it is assumed that there are three stages of ultrasonic processing of milk (including one in the vehicle’s tank), one stage of milk storage (in the storage tank) after its filtration and flow-through ultrasonic processing, and the stage of transporting milk in the vehicle’s tank.

High-frequency cables and generators of ultrasonic vibrations are not shown in the drawing.

The method and device work as follows.

With the start of milking, milk is removed from the cow udder cavity using a milking machine 1. Under milk, milk passes in a stream through a flow metering system 2 into a milk collector, from which it is immediately removed by a vacuum milk pump and fed into a flow filter 3 to remove mechanical impurities. After filtration, milk is supplied through a milk pipe through a flow-through ultrasonic treatment device 4 and fed to a storage tank 5 with a device for additional ultrasonic treatment (sterilization) of milk 6. For storage, milk is then pumped to a milk transportation tank 7 with a device for additional ultrasonic processing (sterilization) of milk 8 with a power supply to the ultrasonic vibration generator from the engine of the transport tractor.

The use of ultrasonic treatment eliminates the need for milk cooling operations during storage and transportation.

Claims (1)

A method for improving the quality of milk by ultrasonic processing in a milk production and primary milk processing line, including the stages of milking, metering, cleaning of mechanical impurities using a flow-through tubular filter, storing milk in a storage tank, transporting in a vehicle tank, characterized in which includes flow-through ultrasonic treatment sequentially after a flow-through tubular filter, additional ultrasonic treatment (sterilization) when storing milk in a tank uare-storage and transportation of milk in the tank of the vehicle, and storage and transportation of milk produced without cooling it down.

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