RU2616104C1 - Amphibian helicopter - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: aviation.

SUBSTANCE: amphibian helicopter includes a waterproof fuselage, a retractable or non-retractable landing gear. The landing gear legs are designed in the form of cylindrical hydrocylinders of double acting, the ends of which are movable, for example hinged, compounds with fuselage. The planters soles are made as hollow floats and are connected with opposite ends of the landing gear legs fixedly or movably. Movable fuselage connections are installed in the position that allows the landing gear legs of the right and left sides of the fuselage radially ascend and descend relative to the horizontal at angles at least 45 degrees along the vertical plane perpendicular the longitudinal axis of the helicopter independently of each other and set the bottom of landing gear in various horizontal levels.

EFFECT: increased stability of the helicopter when landing on a sloping surface.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of creation of aircraft for vertical take-off and landing, and more particularly to an amphibious helicopter (hereinafter referred to as the helicopter), and is focused on the high operational survivability of a helicopter landing and taking off from deep-water and marshy water surface, from quicksand in desert and inaccessible mountainous terrain.

An analogue is the helicopter device, the chassis of which is protected by RF patent No. 2356794, 05.27.2009.

The analog device includes a fixed or inactive connection of the landing gear with the right and left sides of the fuselage of the helicopter. Racks are made in the form of piston hydraulic cylinders equipped with landing soles.

The disadvantage of the analog device is that the landing gear of its chassis allows you to move the landing soles independently from each other only in parallel directions, but do not allow the landing soles of the left and right sides of the helicopter to be moved in opposite directions from each other, for example, to install them in the same horizontal the plane. The analog is poorly adapted for equipping its racks with landing soles in the form of floats. Using such a device does not create sufficient stability for a helicopter to land in the mountains. The use of similar devices in the creation of amphibious helicopters will not have a positive result.

The claimed device is devoid of the disadvantages of the analogue.

The advantage of the device is that it is able to create and provide reliable stability and stability to the helicopter during landing and its prolonged presence in extreme, for example, weather conditions, on marshy, aquatic, deep-sea, deck, mountainous and other surfaces.

The advantage is that the device is capable of creating long-range helicopters, for example, of marine action, using hollow floats of landing soles as additional fuel tanks.

The advantage is that the device is able to create additional lift for the helicopter at the time of its take-off from the water surface.

The advantage is that the device is able to create high-speed helicopters with retractable landing gear, the modernization of which does not require the creation of additional expensive mechanisms, as is the case in existing analogues.

The advantage is that the device allows you to install the racks and landing soles of the chassis, for example, in a horizontal position, in which the helicopter is able to place along the sides and carry elongated loads, such as pipes, boats to save people in the water and other long-sized loads.

The invention is an amphibious helicopter. The right and left sides of its waterproof fuselage contain at least one chassis with two or more racks. The racks are made in the form of double-acting piston or telescopic hydraulic cylinders and are attached to the fuselage by means of movable joints. From opposite ends of the landing gear of the right and left sides are movably or motionlessly connected to the landing soles. The soles are made in the form of elongated (oblong), hollow, for example, cylindrical floats. Floats are made with a given or adjustable positive buoyancy value.

The essence of the invention is that movable, for example, articulated joints with the fuselage are installed in a position that allows the landing gear of the right and left sides of the fuselage to radially (circularly) rise up and down (relative to the horizon) at least 45 (forty-five) angles ) degrees along a vertical plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the helicopter, independently of each other and install (position) landing soles (supports) of the landing gear, independently of each other at different horizontal levels.

The figures of the drawings shows the device of an amphibious helicopter, including the fuselage 1; chassis sets of the right and left sides of the fuselage with struts made in the form of a piston hydraulic cylinder 2 with a piston 3 with a rod 4 or with struts made in the form of a telescopic hydraulic cylinder 5; and with landing soles 6, made in the form of an oblong float; a rotary device 7, made in the form of a worm gear with a worm 8 and a worm wheel 9; a rotary device 10, made in the form of a piston cylinder 2 with a piston 3 and a rod 4; movable joints 11, made, for example, in the form of cylindrical joints.

In FIG. 1 shows the appearance of a helicopter in a horizontal parking position, side view.

In FIG. 2 shows a front view of a helicopter in horizontal parking position.

In FIG. 3 shows a front view of a helicopter landing on a mountainous slope.

In FIG. 4 shows a fragment of the chassis with a longitudinal section of the landing sole, made in the form of a hollow cylindrical float.

In FIG. 5 shows a fragment of a rotary device in the form (in an embodiment) of a worm gear.

In FIG. 6 shows a fragment of a rotary device in the form (in an embodiment) of a piston hydraulic cylinder.

In FIG. 7 shows a helicopter landing on the surface of the water area, front view.

In FIG. 8 shows a helicopter taking off from the surface of the water area, front view.

In FIG. 9 shows a helicopter landing on a deck of a floating vehicle, front view.

In figures 1, 2 and 9, the landing gear shown in the form of piston cylinders 2. In figures 3, 7 and 8 the landing gear shown in the form of telescopic hydraulic cylinders 5. The mechanism of the rotary devices 7 and 10 is schematically shown in figures 5 and 6. In other drawings, the rotary the device connecting the racks to the fuselage of the helicopter is shown conditionally in the form of a hemisphere of the worm gear housing. Planting soles are depicted as a float.

The claimed device operates as follows. When the helicopter takes off and lands on a solid horizontal surface, the position of the struts and landing soles of the 6 chassis is set similar to the existing ground-based helicopters, i.e. in the lower (Fig. 1 and 2).

Before landing on an evasive, for example, mountainous surface (Fig. 3), rotary devices 7 made in the form of a worm gear (Fig. 5) with a worm 8 and a worm wheel 9 or rotary devices 10 (Fig. 6) made in the form, for example , double-acting piston cylinder 2, radially (circularly) deploy the landing gear of one side of the fuselage 1 up, and the opposite side - down (relative to the horizon) on a vertical plane located perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the helicopter. Using the pistons 3 and the rods 4 of the piston hydraulic cylinders 2 or using the telescopic hydraulic cylinders 5, the landing soles are put forward at predetermined distances on both sides of the helicopter longitudinal axis (to create reliable stability). Set the landing soles of the chassis of the right and left sides in one plane parallel to the slope of the mountainous surface, and then make a landing.

In FIG. 4 shows a variant of the device of the landing sole, made in the form of an elongated cylindrical hollow float with a semi-rigid body, capable of being a reliable support on an uneven solid (rigid) surface.

In FIG. Figures 5 and 6 show variants of rotary devices 7 and 10, with which the racks are moved up and down in a vertical plane. Rotary devices made in the form of a worm gear imply the use of any type of engine (motor). Rotary devices made in the form of a double-acting piston hydraulic cylinder imply the use of any type of hydraulic pump.

Landing on a deep-water (Fig. 7), watery, marshy or tundra surface, the surface of quicksand in the desert, the helicopter performs, having placed all the racks and landing soles-floats in one common horizontal plane, as shown in this drawing.

The helicopter takes off from all horizontal surfaces listed here, except for the surface of the deep sea, without changing the horizontal location (Fig. 7) of the racks with the soles-floats. And only in the airspace translates all the elements of the (right and left) chassis into the traditional (regular) position, ready for landing on a solid horizontal surface (Fig. 1 and 2).

When taking off from a deep water area, the helicopter simultaneously (synchronously) transfers all landing gear with extended soles-floats to the lower (underwater) position, close to the vertical position (as shown in Fig. 8), which creates additional lifting force to the helicopter at the moment of separation of the fuselage from water surface of the water area.

In FIG. 3, 7 and 8 of the landing gear are depicted in the form of telescopic (multi-stage) double-acting hydraulic cylinders. This version of the device racks will further increase the distance between the fuselage and the extended landing soles, floats, and therefore will further improve the take-off and landing characteristics of the helicopter.

The device is intended for use in any vertical take-off and landing apparatus with single-screw, coaxial, longitudinal, transverse, and other rotor layouts. For a comfortable helicopter landing, existing cushioning devices and methods can be used.

Claims (1)

Amphibious helicopter, including a waterproof fuselage, retractable or non-retractable chassis of the right and left sides of the fuselage, landing gear made in the form of double-acting piston or cylindrical hydraulic cylinders, the ends of which are movable, for example articulated, joints with the fuselage, landing soles made in the form of hollow floats and connected to opposite ends of the landing gear fixed or movable, characterized in that the movable connection with the fuselage is installed in a position that allows To the landing gear of the right and left sides of the fuselage, radially rise up and down relative to the horizon at angles of at least 45 degrees along a vertical plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the helicopter, independently of each other, and install landing gear soles at different horizontal levels.

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