RU2612295C1 - Signalling wire entanglement - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics, control and signalling.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to detection means used for engineering protective structures, specifically for signalling wire entanglements, used for creating a secure perimeter of a protected area from unauthorised access by individuals, equipment, animals etc, and can be used in protecting local territories (enterprises, military bases or environmentally hazardous facilities, etc) and extended areas, for example state borders. The disclosed signalling wire entanglement, comprising a wire line placed along a security fence and mounted on fence posts consecutively between first and last posts, wherein a parametric measuring device is placed on one side of the wire line. The novelty lies in that at the end of the line, opposite the side where the parametric measuring device is installed, beyond the last fence post, there is a parametric transponder connected to the line, the response signal of which matches the format of the signal measured by the parametric measuring device.

EFFECT: invention eliminates the shortcomings of existing devices associated with the security function, while maintaining a simple design.

3 cl, 8 dwg

Description

The invention relates to detection tools used for engineering protective structures, namely, wire signaling barriers used to create a protected perimeter of the protective territory from unauthorized access of individuals, equipment, animals, etc., and can be used as for the protection of local territories (enterprises, military bases or environmentally hazardous facilities, etc.), and long sections, for example, the state border.

It is known that wire barriers (PP) have been widely used for many decades and continue to be used in modern complexes of engineering and technical means of protection, namely as one of the boundaries of the object’s protection, as part of the so-called security perimeter. PZ are also widely used for the protection of individual extended sections of the state border. PZ is a fence of barbed wire strands that are stretched on vertical supports (poles) on electrical insulators along the protected area. The entire section of the extended fence is specially divided into electrically unconnected sections in order to be able to bind each individual section to a specific area.

Each such section of the fence is additionally equipped with detection tools that monitor the condition of the threads of the fence. A potential intruder may try to overcome the PZ by biting out individual threads or expanding the gaps between them mechanically up to the electrical closure of adjacent threads to each other. In case of detection of the indicated actions, the PP detection means automatically in real time transmit an alarm signal to the operator’s console indicating the location of the site in the protected area. At the signal, the brigade immediately advances to the indicated place to catch the intruder.

Thus, along with additional detection means, the protective zone forms a guard line - a wire signal fence (PSZ). The advantages of this PSZ are in the simplicity of its installation, reliability in operation, as well as in low cost in manufacturing and further operation.

Despite the apparent simplicity of the PSZ, it is able to reliably protect the protected area in any weather and any time of the year, but at the same time it itself must meet a number of strict requirements:

firstly, it must guarantee the security of the protected object due to the impossibility of disconnecting the entire PSZ section or blocking any part of it with the aim of unauthorized access to the protected territory;

secondly, the PSZ should have a simple and easy to install structure that can be installed both on small objects (warehouses, hangars or garages - along the perimeter of the building, along the roof or visor, as well as on the interface with other objects), as well as on long objects, including those with different terrain (including in areas with large local elevations), for example, the state border.

A known radio beam detector (see http://www.radiobarrier.com/en/ehlementy-sistemy/) is a radio beam detection tool that can be installed in the immediate vicinity of a barbed wire fence to control unauthorized entry through the intruder’s fence. The known device is a product consisting of two electronic units mounted on supports at a distance from each other. One of the blocks is the emitter, and the second is the receiver of the electromagnetic wave. The receiver registers the passage of the electromagnetic wave from the emitter. In the case of changing conditions of passage, the receiver generates an alarm signal, which is transmitted to the operator’s console.

The main disadvantages of the known device can be considered its low security functions:

firstly, this combination of devices - a fence and a radio-beam detection means - is not a combination of means that organically complement each other;

secondly, it is possible to install such a barrier only on flat areas, as otherwise, any intruder will be able to easily get to the fence by crawling, using the folds of the terrain, and then freely cut the barbed wire on the fence and penetrate the guarded perimeter;

thirdly, this combination of devices does not perform well in bad weather, for example, when a radio-beam detection means cannot control the area due to snow drifts or in windy weather, when the fence wires oscillate and change the electromagnetic wave propagation along the fence, which leads to generation false alarms;

fourthly, the vegetation located between the receiver and the emitter of the product also changes the passage of radio waves, especially in wind and rain, which also leads to the generation of false alarms. In addition, vegetation can be used by a potential intruder in the same way as terrain folds. Therefore, areas along the fence should be systematically mowed and removed, which is especially difficult to perform along a state border that has a considerable length;

fifthly, a well-known product is quite expensive in production and operation (it is necessary to periodically check the signal flow and adjust the transceiver antennas), but at the same time the device itself can only control small areas on the ground (no more than 100-200 m in length), which makes its use in extended areas economically unfeasible.

Closest to the claimed technical solution is a security and fire alarm device described in US patent No. 4287515, CL. G08B 29/00, 1981, containing a two-wire line fixed along a guarded linearly extended structure, on one side of which a resistance meter is fixed, and sensors that change their resistance when exposed to an external source, such as smoke detectors, are fixed between the wires of the line. In the absence of an event along the line, its resistance is infinite, and in case of fire, smoke detectors fire and short-circuit the line. The magnitude of the resistance can determine the location of the fire. The known device allows you to control perimeters of considerable length and to localize with sufficient accuracy (up to several tens of meters) the places where the line was affected.

However, the known device has significant disadvantages associated with poor security from outside interference in order to disconnect part of the protected area from control:

firstly, the known device does not control the integrity of the conductors of a two-wire line. A two-wire line can be cut (torn) neatly (that is, without shorting the line) almost anywhere. In this case, all the sensors located after the line break point will cease to change its resistance, that is, will cease to be active. Active sensors will remain only those located to the point of line break from the side of the meter;

secondly, since point sensors are used, there are correspondingly areas between sensors on which monitoring is not carried out and it becomes necessary to install sensors often so that uncontrolled areas are small;

thirdly, point sensors, despite the low cost, complicate the entire system due to the fact that they need to be installed often. At the same time, they additionally increase operating costs, because any sensors require constant monitoring for their suitability (performance). It is known that in order to check the operability of the entire device, it is necessary to simulate an event on each point sensor, then wait for the device to respond and, in the event of a regular reaction to the event, proceed to check the next sensor. Thus, each sensor of the device must be checked sequentially and periodically.

The objective of the proposed technical solution is to address these disadvantages of the known device associated with the security function, while maintaining the simplicity of its design.

The indicated problem is in a wire signal fence containing a two-wire line placed along the security fence (fence) and fixed on the fence posts sequentially between the first and last columns, with a parametric meter installed on one side of the wire line, solved by the fact that on the opposite of the parametric at the end of the line, behind the last column of the fence, there is a parametric transponder connected to the line, the response signal of which matches the signal format, measured by a parametric meter. The presence on the opposite end of the line of the parametric transponder from the installation of the parametric meter allows you to eliminate the inconspicuous cutting and shorting of the line anywhere.

However, it is impossible to block unauthorized access to the protected area with two conductors attached to the fence, with the exception of very narrow horizontal slots. In reality, the number of pieces of wire on the poles, in order to perform the functions of the fence, should be significantly large (two to three dozen threads for a fence about two meters high). For this, the wire line can be made in the form of several parallel-running and connected in series segments of two-wire lines (an odd number of pairs) located between the first and last columns of the security fence, and the parametric transponder can be made in the form of a two-terminal device made of passive or active electronic components .

The specified embodiment of the inventive device makes it easy to convert almost all currently available simple wire fences into an engineering obstacle that is difficult to overcome, capable of signaling in real time about attempts to overcome it by cutting the threads or widening the gaps between the individual threads by installing a parametric at the beginning of the wire line meter, and at the end of the line of the parametric transponder, which has no analogues among the known wire signaling x devices, which means that meets the criterion of "inventive step".

The essence of the proposed technical solution is illustrated by figures 1-8.

In FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of the inventive device, where the two-wire line is made in the form of two conductors 1.1 and 1.2, mounted on the posts of the fence 2a-2n, mounted on the surface 3; a parametric meter 4 is connected to one side of the wire line, and a parametric transponder 5 to the other.

In FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of the inventive device, where the two-wire line is made in the form of six parallel-running and connected in series segments of barbed wire 6.1-6.6, interconnected using four conductors 7a-7g. Thus, a two-wire line was created from separate segments 6.1-6.6, and each of its conductors combines segments either with only an odd index (6.1, 6.3 and 6.5), or even (6.2, 6.4 and 6.6).

In FIG. 3 presents a block diagram of the inventive device, where the same as in FIG. 2, the two-wire line is made in the form of six parallel-running and sequentially connected segments 6.1-6.6, interconnected by four conductors 9a-9g with the only difference that the even and odd conductors are connected not randomly, but randomly. In particular, the segment 6.2 is not connected to 6.4, as in FIG. 2, and with the segment 6.6.

In FIG. 4 presents a block diagram of the inventive device, similar to that shown in FIG. 3, but at the beginning and at the end of the fence section, electric distribution structures are installed that block the pace meter, a parametric transponder and conductors connecting barbed wire segments from prying eyes. The block diagram shows: 10 - an electric distributor containing a parametric transponder; 11 is an electrical distributor containing a parametric meter. Electric distributors 10 and 11 can be made monolithic, hermetic or with limited access, which will not allow the intruder to understand the connection diagram of the parametric meter and the parametric transponder.

In FIG. 5 shows a block diagram of the inventive device, where the parametric responder 12 is made in the form of a passive two-terminal device containing inductance 13, and the parametric meter 14 is made in the form of an inductance meter (L-meter).

In FIG. 6 shows a block diagram of the inventive device, where the parametric responder 15 is made in the form of a passive two-terminal device containing a resistor 16, and the parametric meter 17 is made in the form of a resistance meter (OM meter).

In FIG. 7 shows a block diagram of the inventive device, where the parametric transponder 18 is made in the form of a passive two-terminal device containing a resonant circuit 19 (in the form of parallel or series switching of the inductance and capacitance - the figure shows only a parallel resonant circuit), and the parametric meter 20 is made in the form of a meter resonant frequency.

In FIG. 8 is a block diagram of the inventive device, where the parametric transponder 21 is made in the form of a two-terminal network with active electronic components, in particular in the form of a diode 22, and the parametric meter 23 is made in the form of a conductivity meter that measures the parameters of the line alternately in two different directions.

Consider the operation of the device, the block diagram of which is shown in FIG. 1. The parametric meter 4 periodically sends a request to the parametric responder via wires 1.1 and 1.2 of the two-wire line 5. Having received the request in a format that is understandable to the parametric responder 5, the responder generates a response in which it inserts its individual internal parameters and sends a response to the line via the same wires 1.1 and 1.2. The answer comes to the parametric meter 4, which, in turn, recognizes the response format, measures the value of the parameters used in the formation of the answer, compares the measured values with the reference values stored in its memory, and based on this comparison draws a conclusion about the regular (working) line condition. In the case when at least one of the conductors 1.1 or 1.2 is disconnected or they are shorted together, the request from the parametric meter 4 cannot reach the parametric responder 5. Accordingly, the parametric meter 4 will not receive a response to its request at the “set time”. Failure to receive a response at the set time is regarded by the parametric meter 4 as a line fault: “open” or “short circuit”. Accordingly, the parametric meter 4 generates an alarm signal.

Since it is not possible to block unauthorized access to the protected area with two conductors attached to the fence, then in FIG. 2 the number of conductors is increased to six (in reality, there may be several times more). In FIG. Figure 2 shows a two-wire line, for example, of six segments 6.1-6.6 of barbed wire, mounted on posts 2a-2n and connected by conductors 7a-7g, while they are located so that next to each segment of one wire there are always segments belonging to another wire of the line (segments with even and odd indices are connected to different wires of the line). In this case, the displacement of any segment from 6.1-6.6 up or down will lead to the contact of the nearest neighboring segment and, accordingly, to shorting the entire two-wire line. Note that the number of wires with even and odd indices must be odd, otherwise the parametric meter 4 and the parametric responder 5 will be on one side of the section of the fence. In particular, in FIG. 2, each of the conductors of the two-wire line is composed of three strands.

The operation of the device of FIG. 2 is carried out similarly to that described above for FIG. 1. The impossibility of passing the request of the parametric meter 4 leads to the absence of the response of the parametric responder 5 and the formation of an alarm signal by the parametric meter 4. You can imagine that the intruder knows (or sees, going to the fence) the location and wiring diagram of conductors 7a-7g. Then he can make copies of the jumpers of the conductors 7a and 7b in the form of jumpers 8a and 8b and install them immediately behind the column 2n-1. As a result of this action, the line segments 6.1-6.4 located between the posts 2n-1 and 2nУ will lose their information content (breaking any of these threads will not interfere with the exchange between the parametric meter 4 and the parametric responder 5 due to jumpers 8a and 8b) and the intruder will be able to overcome a wire signal fence, despite the fact that 6.5 and 6.6 function normally, but are too low.

A device whose block diagram is shown in FIG. 3 differs from the previous one in that the jumper conductor 9b connects the segment 6.2 not to 6.4, as in FIG. 2, and with the segment 6.6. In this case, the rule of connecting segments with only even and only with odd indices in the conductors of the two-wire line is preserved.

With this inclusion, it is also possible to copy jumpers 9a and 9b on column 2n-1, but two segments 6.4 and 6.5, which go directly to the parametric transponder 5, cannot be cut out. They will not be lower, but will be higher. In the case when there are significantly more wires than in our block diagram (in real fences, about several tens of barbed wire segments are used), it can be done so that the position of the segments that go directly to the parametric transponder 5 turns out to be almost arbitrary (random). If in this case the conductors 9a-9g and the connection points of the parametric meter 4 and the parametric transponder 5 are still hidden from observation, as shown in FIG. 4, then the correct shutdown of the span will be a task with an unlikely correct solution.

In FIG. 4 shows a block diagram of the inventive device, similar to that shown in FIG. 3, characterized in that at the beginning and at the end of the fence section conductors (9a-9g, see Fig. 3) connecting the barbed wire strands, a parametric meter and a parametric transponder are installed inside the electrical distribution structures 10 and 11. The structures completely cover them from prying eyes. In FIG. 4, number 10 shows an electrical distribution structure containing a parametric transponder, and number 11 represents a parametric meter. Electric distributors can be monolithic, hermetic, with limited access, etc. They should only make it impossible to identify the threads to which the parametric meter and the parametric transponder are connected. These four threads cannot be subject to extraneous influences. With an increase in the number of strands of a two-wire line, the probability of their correct disconnection begins to fall sharply nonlinearly.

Now consider the operation of the device with specific options for implementing a parametric meter and a parametric transponder. In FIG. 5, the inductance 13 acts as the parametric transponder 12. In this case, the inductance meter is used as the parametric meter 14. The inductance 13 is selected so as to be substantially larger than the line's own inductance. The parametric meter 14 periodically supplies voltage to the line, that is, it sends a request. A parametric responder, having received a request in the form of an input voltage, generates a response in the form of an increasing current in the circuit. The slew rate of the current is determined by the magnitude of the inductance. The parametric meter monitors the change in current in the circuit and determines the inductance of the parametric transponder from it. As long as the measured value is not very different from the nominal, an alarm signal is not generated. In the event of a line break or short circuit, the inductance of the circuit will change dramatically, which will not correspond to the known parameters of the transponder.

In FIG. 6, a resistor 16 acts as a parametric transponder 15. In this case, the parametric meter 17 is an ohmmeter. The resistor value is selected so that it is significantly greater than the line's own resistance, but less than its “spurious" resistance, due to leakage currents in the worst weather conditions (for example, during rain).

In FIG. 7, an oscillating circuit 19 is used as a parametric transponder 18. In this case, a two-wire line resonance frequency meter or a Q-factor of the oscillatory circuit is used as a parametric meter 20. As long as the resonance frequency of the two-wire line or the frequency at which the Q factor is maximum corresponds to the nominal frequency of the oscillating circuit 19, the two-wire line is considered unbroken.

In FIG. 8 is a block diagram of the inventive device, where the parametric responder 21 is made in the form of a two-terminal with active electronic components in the form of a diode 22, and the parametric meter 23 is made in the form of a conductivity meter in two different directions. The parametric meter 23 periodically measures the resistance of the line in two different directions. In the forward direction for the diode 22, the resistance value should practically coincide with the line's own resistance, and in the reverse direction, the resistance will be caused only by leakage currents, that is, it will be very large. If the two-wire line is shorted in such a circuit, then the resistance value in the forward and reverse direction will be the same, and in magnitude - no more than the line's own resistance. If the line breaks, the resistance values in the forward and reverse directions will also be the same, but in this case they will be caused only by leakage currents, that is, they will become very large. Thus, the use of a diode 22 as a parametric transponder 21 will not only detect a violation in the line, but also determine its type: “open” or “short-circuit”.

Claims (3)

 1. A wire signal fence containing a wire line placed along the security fence (fence) and mounted on the fence posts sequentially between the first and last posts, with a parametric meter installed on one side of the wire line, characterized in that it is opposite to the parametric setting at the end of the line, behind the last column of the fence, there is a parametric transponder connected to the line, the response signal of which matches the signal format, measured by a parametric meter. 2. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the line is made in the form of several parallel-running and connected in series segments of lines located between the first and last columns of the security fence, while the parametric transponder is made in the form of a passive two-terminal device. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the line is made in the form of several parallel-running and connected in series segments of lines located between the first and last columns of the security fence, while the parametric transponder is made in the form of an active two-terminal network.

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