RU2608849C2 - Lubricant coolant concentrate for machining of metals - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: present invention relates to lubricant-coolant concentrate for machining of metals, containing as main component electrochemical activated catholyte with pH ≥ 11.5 and redox potential ϕ ≤ -300 mV (pH ≥ 11.5), and additive used is hexamine and carboxypav in following ratio of components, wt%: electrochemical activated catholyte 96÷98; hexamine – 0.3÷2; carboxypav – 0.5÷2.

EFFECT: technical result is higher resistance of cutting tool, improved detergent power, possibility of dilution of concentrate with water of any hardness and stability during storage lubricant coolant solution and concentrate thereof.

1 cl, 2 tbl

Description

The invention relates to concentrates of cutting fluids (coolant) and can be used in various industries of the metal industry to increase the durability of metal cutting tools.

There are various concentrates for the preparation of aqueous emulsions and solutions, consisting of oils, inorganic and organic compounds and surface-active substances (surfactants) [1-3].

The most environmentally friendly are oil-free water-soluble coolants. These include Modos cutting fluids (TU 2422-003-76664814-2005) (based on ethylene glycol and triethanolamine); “K-1” (TU 0258-001-53511781-2001) (based on salts of fatty acids); "MGD-11" (TU 10RF561-90) (based on saponified tar from distillation of fatty acids).

The durability of metal cutting tools when using such coolant remains insufficiently high. In addition, it is necessary to use water of general hardness 2-7 mEq / l at a pH of 5.2-7.0, which significantly reduces the cost-effectiveness of their use and the breadth of application (in connection with the preparation of water).

More promising are coolant concentrates that implement a selective transfer regime in the cutting zone. Such highly effective coolants include a water-based coolant prepared on the basis of a concentrate containing surfactants (saponified tar), as well as salicylalanilinate or copper acetate (Cu2 + ion donors) and salicylalaniline (surface complex ligand) in a weight ratio of 1: 1 and 1.5: 1 for acetate 25, copper (SU 727674, publ. 04/15/1980, class C10M 3/28)

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the proposed invention is a concentrate of cutting fluid for machining metals (RU 2368651 C1, publ. September 27, 2008, class C10M 173/00, C10M 177/00, C10N 40: 22 ) This coolant concentrate contains in%:

grease tars thirty sodium hydroxide (NaOH) 2.5-3.5 liquid glass 0.5-1.0 (by dry residue) polymethylsiloxane liquid 0.05-0.1 water 64.4-66.95

This coolant concentrate is prepared as follows: the unsaponified waste of the oil and fat industry is heated to a temperature of 25-52 ° C, after which they are loaded into a reactor in which the temperature is brought to 102-107 ° C and a saponification reaction is carried out at a temperature of 102-107 ° C for 60-90 minutes Then the reaction mixture is pumped into the rector-normalizer, liquid glass is added, diluted with hot water to the required concentration and the resulting emulsion is cooled to 80 ° C, then polymethylsiloxane liquid is additionally introduced, while the amount of improving additives does not exceed 3% of the amount of the basic substance.

However, the resistance of the instruments when using this fluid is still not high enough. At the same time, high water requirements are maintained when the concentrate is diluted, there is insufficient ecological purity of the spent emulsion (aniline derivatives and surfactants) and instability of the working solution during storage (hydrolysis of copper compounds to form precipitation).

The aim of the present invention is to increase the durability of a metal cutting tool, improve washing ability, the ability to dilute the concentrate with water of any hardness and stability during storage of the coolant solution and its concentrate.

This goal is achieved in that the coolant concentrate for machining metals is created on the basis of an electrochemically synthesized, activated, aqueous, catholytic solution, which, by changing the structure of water, provides synergies between the components of the coolant at the molecular and ion levels, which leads to an improvement in the performance characteristics of the coolant in terms of cleanliness of the treated surface, durability of the cutting tool, washing ability, stability of the solution during storage.

This coolant concentrate contains in wt. %:

Electrochemical activated catholyte (with ORP ϕ≤-300 mV and pH≥11.5) 96 ÷ 98 Corrosion Inhibitor - Hexamine 0.3 ÷ 2 Surfactant - Carboxypav AF 6.35 0.5 ÷ 2

The technology for the preparation of coolant concentrate per 1000 ml is as follows:

- The electrochemical activated catholyte obtained in the installation for the synthesis of activated aqueous solutions (STEL-10N-120-01) in the amount of 997 ml is mixed with 1.5 g of Hexamine.

- After complete dissolution of the corrosion inhibitor, surfactant Carboxypav AF 6.35 in the amount of 1.5 ml is added to the resulting solution.

- The resulting solution is mixed well until the components are completely dissolved.

The stabilization of the coolant concentrate is ensured by hydroxyl groups, an electrochemical activated catholyte having an ORP of ϕ≤-300 mV and (pH≥11.5).

Physico-chemical properties of the coolant concentrate are shown in table 1.

In industrial applications, this concentrate is diluted with tap water of any hardness and is used in the form of a 1.5-3.0% aqueous solution, depending on the type of machine park.

Testing the coolant solution based on the proposed concentrate was carried out on a vertical drilling machine model 2H125, with drills made of high-speed steel P6M5.

Drilling holes d = 25 mm in steel 45X, hardness HB 200.

Drilling modes: speed 27.9 m / min, feed 0.2 mm / rev.

The height of the microroughness of the treated surface was measured on a profilograph — a V-54 profilometer in accordance with GOST 19300-86, GOST 2789-73, GOST 2.309-73. The number of measurements 5. The resistance of the drill was determined by the time to wear of 0.5 mm on the rear surface.

The washing ability of the solution was determined by the method described in TU-2466-001-14747487-09

The corrosion effect on the metal was determined by the drip method in accordance with GOST 6243-75, p. 2, paragraph 2.1. Test results, average over 5 measurements, are given in table. 2.

Thus, the coolant based on the proposed concentrate (composition of table. 1) allows to increase the purity of the treated surface by 1 class, the resistance of the cutting tool by 1.26 times, the washing ability by 28% compared with the prototype.

Tests of the coolant solution based on the inventive concentrate showed that the resulting solution is a homogeneous system, does not separate into phases during storage, does not cause corrosion of parts and equipment, does not foam.

The declared coolant concentrate belongs to low-hazardous substances (IV hazard class of substances, according to GOST 12-1-007), non-toxic, non-combustible, non-explosive.

Information sources

1. Lubricating and cooling technological means for metal cutting. Directory. / Under the total. ed. Entelisa S.G. - M.: Mechanical Engineering, 1995 .-- 50,496 p.

2. Handbook. An Engineering Journal No. 6 (111). - M., 2006 .-- 64 p. - Modern coolant and their application in the processing of metal blanks by cutting. / L.V. Khudobin. - 111-16.

3. Zlotnikov I.I. Water soluble soap silicate based coolant. / I.I. Zlotnikov, M.I. Zubritsky, S.F. Silitsky, N.F. Nightingale, A.B. Kozlov // Friction and wear. - 2006. - V. 27, No. 4. - S. 417-421.

4. Concentrate of cutting fluid for machining metals. / A.S. Kuzharov, V.A. Kokhanovsky, G.P. Barchan et al. // A.S. USSR No. 727674, C10M 3/28, C10M 3/188, 04.15.80, B.I. Number 14.

Claims (2)

Coolant concentrate for machining metals, containing, as a main component, an electrochemical activated catholyte with pH≥11.5 and redox potential (AFP) ϕ≤-300 mV (pH≥11.5), and hexamine and carboxypav in the following ratio of components, mass. %: Electrochemical Activated Catholyte 96 ÷ 98 Hexamine 0.3 ÷ 2 Carboxypav 0.5 ÷ 2