RU2608546C2 - Tank for oil products - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to transportation and storage of oil products, particularly, to devices for reducing loss of oil products during reception, release and storage, as well as protecting environment from oil product vapour. Invention relates to a container for storage of oil products, which includes a bottom, a body with a roof and a breather valve installed thereon, according to invention, equipped in upper part of separate closed cavity, having at least one inlet and one outlet, consisting of at least two interconnected via channel, formed by system of partitions or pipe bent to horizon, chambers arranged in series, such that inlet of cavity is first of said chambers, which, apart from adjacent chamber is connected to pipeline of breather valve, and outlet of cavity is last in chain of chamber, in addition to adjacent chamber communicated with gas space of reservoir, furthermore, said pipeline or system of partitions between chambers are arranged so, that during movement from outlet to inlet of cavity air mix falls fro top part of one chamber into lower part of next chambers, bypassing point located at 50–70 % below level of upper generatrix of first chamber, wherein passage area of pipeline or channel, formed by partitions, must be 2–10 times more than section area of mounting pipe of breathing valve, and volume of cavity should be from 5 to 10 % of geometrical volume of tank.

EFFECT: higher efficiency of reduction of losses of oil products in draining, filling and storage, as well as wider range of equipment.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

Field of Invention

The invention relates to the transport and storage of petroleum products, in particular to devices for reducing losses of petroleum products during operations of reception, dispensing and storage, as well as protecting the environment from oil vapor.

State of the art

Currently, various devices are known that include gas equalization systems, gas collectors, reflector disks, pontoons and floating roofs, capable and designed to reduce the emission of gasoline vapors from tanks.

A tank for storing petroleum products is known from the prior art (RF patent No. 2062744, IPC: B65D 90/28, 1994), comprising a housing, a roof, safety and breathing valves mounted on the roof, and a unit for changing the direction of the air stream from the breathing valve, including a curved a nozzle attached inside the reservoir to the breathing valve, characterized in that it is provided with a cylindrical reflector of the air stream mounted coaxially on the outlet end of the curved nozzle so that the working cross-sectional area of the reflector not less than the cross-sectional area of the opening of the outlet end of the bent pipe, while the latter is bent at an obtuse angle and faces the outlet end in the direction from the center of the roof.

A known tank for oil and petroleum products (RF patent No. 2078722, IPC: B65D 90/38, 1995) containing a cylindrical body with a roof, a breathing valve with a unit for changing the direction of the air stream from the breathing valve, located below the inside of the tank, has a holder with a gas a reflector in the form of a conical surface, made in the form of a vertical nozzle with a slotted cut-out.

The closest technical solution to the claimed invention is a tank for storing oil and oil products (RF patent No. 2166594, IPC: E04H 7/06, 2000), including a bottom, a housing with a roof and a breathing valve mounted on it. The tank is equipped with a device to reduce evaporation of the product, made in the form of a distribution element attached to the breathing valve, to the upper section of which is located under the roof, bends are welded, and dividers are welded to the bottom. A flange is attached to the free end of the divider by means of flanges with nozzles having bends at the ends directed towards the roof surface. At least two pairs of symmetrically located bends, directed against each other in each pair and to the roof surface, are attached to the wall of the distribution element located in the zone between the roof and the dividers, while the lower end of the distribution element is provided with a cover with an opening for condensate drain.

The disadvantage of the above structures is that all of them, being modifications of the reflector disk known since the 1960s, differ only in the way the air cushion is formed under the roof of the tank during pressure reduction in it. However, it is known that an artificially formed air cushion under the roof of the tank is very quickly saturated with oil vapor due to molecular and convective diffusion. In addition, in the cold season, when the air entering the tank is heavier than the warm vapor-air mixture, it does not form an air cushion under the roof of the tank, but immediately falls to the surface of the oil product, displacing the gas mixture saturated with their vapor under the roof. As a result, the disk reflector and its analogues become useless.

The present invention solves the problem of increasing the efficiency of reducing the loss of petroleum products during operations of discharge, filling and storage, by:

1) isolation of the air cushion from the gas space of the tank;

2) sectioning of the air cushion with partitions or channels playing the role of hydraulic locks, which prevents the mixing of air and oil vapor having different densities during the absence of movement;

3) replacing the unorganized simultaneous movement of air and oil vapor to the breathing valve, in which they are mixed throughout the gas volume of the tank with a successive movement of these gases through the cavity, as a result of which they mix only in the contact zone.

In addition, the present invention provides a technical result in the form of an expansion of the arsenal of technical means.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The problem is solved with the achievement of the specified technical result by providing a tank including a bottom, a housing with a roof and a breathing valve installed on it, according to the invention, equipped in the upper part with a separate closed cavity having at least one inlet and one outlet, consisting of not less than two communicating with each other through a channel formed by a system of partitions or bent to the horizon of the pipeline, sequentially located cameras so that the entrance to the cavity is the first I am from the said chambers, which, in addition to the neighboring chamber, communicates with the pipeline of the breathing valve, and the outlet of the cavity is the last chamber in the chain, in addition to the neighboring chamber, communicating with the gas space of the tank, in addition, the aforementioned pipeline or system of partitions between the chambers is designed so that when moving from the exit to the cavity entrance, the air mixture fell from the top of one chamber to the lower part of the chamber following it, bypassing a point located 50-70% below the level of the upper generatrix of the first of chambers, while the area of the passage section of the pipeline or channel formed by the partitions should be 2-10 times larger than the cross-sectional area of the mounting pipe of the breathing valve, and the cavity volume should be from 5 to 10% of the geometric volume of the tank.

Brief Description of the Drawings

The present invention is illustrated in Fig. one.

In fig. 1 shows a flow diagram of a reservoir for storing petroleum products of the RVS type.

According to fig. 1 along the upper generatrix of the tank 1, from the pipe of the breathing valve 2, a cavity 3 is arranged, divided by partitions 4 into chambers k1-k5, on the one hand communicating with the pipe of the breathing valve 2, and on the other hand communicating with the upper part of the gas space of the tank 1. For more optimal distribution of air in the gas space, on the inner wall of the tank, opposite and under the exit from the cavity 3 can be installed horizontal reflective screen 5.

The device operates as follows.

When emptying the tank 1, air through the breathing valve 2 enters the chamber k1 of the cavity 3, hits the bottom of the chamber, loses part of its energy and through the system of partitions 4 enters the upper part of the chamber k2. In this case, air displaces gasoline vapors from chamber k2 into chamber k3. With continued suction of air, it from the chamber k3 enters the upper part of the chamber k4, forcing gasoline vapors into the chamber k5. If the suction of air continues, the air displaces gasoline vapors and enters the gas space from the chamber k5 and reaches the wall (in horizontal tanks - the bottom) of the tank 1. By flowing around the tank wall, the air is distributed in the gas space of the tank, or it enters the horizontal screen 5, which contributes to their distribution in the gas space along the lower generatrix of the cavity 3.

The presence of a specially arranged cavity allows you to prevent the penetration of a jet of sucked-in air into the gas space of the tank and mixing the air with gasoline vapors. The partitions between the cavity chambers prevent the filling of the cavity with gasoline vapors when the tank is idle and contribute to the displacement of gasoline vapors trapped in the cavity when the tank is "inhaled" by the suction air without significant mixing. The introduction and distribution of a jet of suction air along the surface of the reflecting screen prevents mixing of air and oil vapor in the gas space.

Due to the indicated technical solutions, during subsequent filling of the tank with oil product, air will first be displaced from chambers 1-5, and then PVA with a low concentration from the upper part of the gas space of the tank, which will significantly reduce the loss of oil from evaporation.

The presented description of the implementation of the present invention illustrates the operation of the proposed device to reduce the loss of petroleum products from fumes, as well as protect the environment from oil vapor. The scope of this invention is determined by the attached claims taking into account possible equivalent features.

Claims (2)

1. A reservoir for storing petroleum products, including a bottom, a housing with a roof and a breathing valve installed on it, characterized in that it is provided in the upper part with a separate closed cavity having at least one inlet and one outlet, consisting of at least two communicating between by means of a channel formed by a system of partitions or bent to the horizon of the pipeline, sequentially located chambers so that the cavity entrance is the first of these chambers, which in addition to the adjacent chamber communicates with the pipe the gadfly of the breathing valve, and the outlet of the cavity is the last chamber in the chain, in addition to the adjacent chamber communicating with the gas space of the reservoir, in addition, the mentioned pipeline or system of partitions between the chambers is arranged so that when moving from the outlet to the cavity inlet, the air mixture flows from the top one chamber to the lower part of the chamber following it, bypassing a point located 50-70% below the level of the upper generatrix of the first of the chambers, while the area of the passage section of the pipeline or channel, annogo baffles should be 2-10 times larger than the sectional area of the mounting pipe vent valve, and the cavity volume should be from 5 to 10% of the geometric volume of the reservoir. 2. The tank according to claim 1, on the inner wall of which, opposite and under the exit from the cavity, a horizontal reflective screen is installed.

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