RU2605071C2 - Device for determining economically and technologically optimum time moments for replacing feeding regime for animals or birds with regine for metered limited feeding thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture. Device comprises time setter (1), fodder consumption sensor (2), animal or poultry live weight sensor (3), heat energy consumption sensor (4), electric energy consumption sensor (5). Device includes setter of specific per time unit personnel labor costs signal (6), setter of specific per time unit depreciation expenses signal (7), setter of specific per time unit repair expenses signal (8), setter of specific per time unit renovation expenses signal (9), setter of specific per time unit transportation expenses signal (10), fodder consumption in time signal generator or the first integration element (11), animal or poultry live weight in time signal generator or the second integration element (12), heat energy consumption in time signal generator or the third integration element (13), electric power consumption in time signal generator or the fourth integration element (14), personnel labor costs in time signal generator or the fifth integration element (15), depreciation expenses in time signal generator or the sixth integration element (16), repair expenses in time signal generator or the seventh integration element (17), renovation expenses in time signal generator or the eighth integration element (18), transportation expenses in time signal generator or the ninth integration element (19). Device also includes setter of a signal of specific market prices for input costs during the time period of the technological process (20), multiplication elements unit (21), first divider element (22), first time differentiation element (23), second time differentiation element (24), first comparison circuit (25), first generator by economic conversion coefficient at constant instantaneous, or per time unit, operational expenses of the signal of technologically optimal moment of time (26), first adder (27), second adder (28), subtracting element (29), third time differentiation element (30), fourth time differentiation element (31), second comparison circuit (32), second generator by increase of the signal of economically optimal moment of time (33), second divider element (34), fifth time differentiation element (35), sixth time differentiation element (36), third comparator circuit (37), third generator by economic conversion coefficient of the signal of economically optimal moment of time (38), two-input controlled switch (39), two-input controlled switch control element (40), process equipment for automatic switchover from the unrestricted feeding mode to the mode of dosed limited feeding and for signalling the service personnel about that (41).

EFFECT: device provides implementation of the declared application.

1 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, industrial livestock and poultry farming and can be used to control the technological and economic effectiveness of the technology of growing meat poultry, such as broilers, and the technological process of feeding livestock.

A known method of cost-effective interconnected general heating of livestock buildings and local heating of farm animals and a device for its implementation. They are designed to search for the economically least expensive mode of general heating of a room with local heating of agricultural young animals. The set prices for the finished products of the livestock or poultry enterprises are used (see RF patent No. 2229155. Method and device for economical general heating of livestock buildings and local heating of farm animals / A.V. Dubrovin et al. // BI, 2004. No. 14).

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the lack of real-time accounting of deviations from the normative consumption of animal feed, feed or feed mixtures, which significantly affects the productivity of the livestock. At the same time, the cost of production also changes significantly, since the cost of feed in industrial livestock and poultry farming is 70 ... 80% of the total cost of production. At the same time, at present, small-age automated means of distributing feed to poultry are also being actively introduced in agricultural production, in particular in poultry farming, for example, broiler chickens and repair young animals of the parent herd of chickens, with real-time monitoring of the mass of consumed feed.

A known method and device for growing poultry, allowing you to control the heating and feeding of poultry according to the accepted technical and economic indicator of profit growth, designed to automate the process of finding the most economically profitable mode of general heating of the room with agricultural young animals and feeding the livestock based on specific unit prices for heat and electric energy for heating livestock, feed and finished products of a livestock or poultry enterprise (see RF patent 2340172. Method and device for poultry rearing / AV Dubrovin et al. // BI, 2008. No. 34). The temporary productivity sensor for one bird contains load cells and weighing counters. At the first output of the temporary productivity sensor of one bird at the end of the current day (rearing), a signal of the measured productivity of one bird is formed.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the lack of information about taking into account the statistical characteristics of the process, essentially selective weighing of individual birds that accidentally fell on the load-measuring elements of the device, and a mathematically reliable estimate of this information when judging the live weight of the total number of livestock grown in the house. It is also impossible to stop the processes of feeding and growing other than according to the requirements of regulatory documents of poultry farming.

The reason for this is an important general and already complex task of the invention. A detailed description of the analytical and also additional statistical processing of signals about the live weight of the bird would lead to a significant complication of the technical solutions of this analogue of the present invention.

Another drawback of this technical solution is the lack of real-time accounting of the current time value of the well-known technological feed conversion ratio, which characterizes the biological, technological and, to some extent, economic efficiency of converting chemical feed energy into biological energy of growth and development of the poultry body and obtaining the resulting production products . There is no corresponding possibility in the automated mode of biologically, technologically and economically feasible to determine the technologically and economically optimal initial time points of the appropriate correction of the feeding regime of animals and poultry according to the requirements of technology and economics of growing meat products.

Starting from the technologically optimal point in time, the broiler live weight growth rate slows down, its growth decreases with a minimum value, and the feed intake by animals and poultry continues, reaching saturation mode. The value of the feed conversion ratio increases, the economic efficiency of the feeding process is significantly reduced, and further feeding of the livestock without change (without correction, without correction of the feeding regime) becomes completely unprofitable. The purpose of such and similar amendments to the technological regimes of animal and poultry feeding technologies is to prevent the growth or at least reduce the growth rate of the feed conversion coefficient, which provides information to specialists - livestock breeders and poultry farmers - to improve livestock and poultry farming technologies.

Accordingly, starting from an automatically determined economically optimal time, it is necessary to introduce a limited feeding regime in the production of meat products, that is, adjust the technology for feeding animals and poultry, which is directly related to increasing the technical and economic efficiency of the production process. This technical solution does not provide such opportunities.

There are various indicators (indexes, Latin) of productivity (efficiency, Latin) of livestock and poultry production. These include “average daily gain in live weight”, g, the “feed conversion rate” described above, (kg of feed) / (kg of live weight), “European (Russian) EBI productivity index”, measured in relative units and calculated as follows: EBI = [(Preservation of livestock,%) × (Average daily gain in live weight, g)] / [(10 × K _kk (feed conversion ratio), (kg of feed) / (kg of live weight))], other technological indices of production efficiency livestock and poultry products. All of them, to one degree or another, reflect economic (economic) efficiency (effectiveness) of production and at the same time they are much simpler and more convenient to use compared to the actual economic sign (criterion) of assessing production efficiency. But it is precisely the economic criterion that is the universally recognized and essentially comprehensive indicator of the efficiency of production. Just its precise application requires taking into account a very significant number of well-known components.

First of all, this is production profit equal to the difference between the cost of livestock products, such as broilers in a house, in the prices of sales of products (hereinafter, simply “sales price” is indicated in the text) and the cost of production of these products. If the selling price is equal only to the product of the volume of output at its unit price, then the cost of production includes many different components. This is initially the sum of the cost of resources, including feed, and operating costs. Operating costs include the cost of energy of various types, the salary of maintenance and management personnel, as well as depreciation, repair, renovation deductions for capital investments, that is, the cost of buildings, equipment, measuring instruments, etc., transportation costs and much more, called other expenses. Other expenses usually include the costs of vitamins, medicines, biological supplements, etc., used in technological processes of growing livestock not regularly, but as necessary. It is precisely because of the difficulties of accurately accounting for these numerous cost components that various technological indices of production efficiency are significantly simpler than economic signs.

Nevertheless, only an economic sign can most fully, with the greatest accuracy, and therefore should determine the current during the operation of the technological process, for example, the process of feeding livestock, the resulting economic efficiency of production: only it is determined by the planning department and accounting of any, including agricultural livestock and poultry enterprises at the end of the production process. However, such a “humanized” definition of this criterion is clearly late: it was not used during the process, and the process ended according to some other criteria. Therefore, in practice, large economic losses of production that are not controlled precisely by its natural, purely economic characteristic often turn out to be.

Technical solutions for the use of this comprehensive and widespread indicator of the efficiency of livestock and poultry production for automatic control of feeding processes, namely for the transition from unlimited to dosed limited feeding of animals and poultry, as well as for automatically determining the economically optimal time point for completing the feeding of animals and poultry are not currently known.

The objective of the invention is to determine the economically optimal initial time point of replacing the feeding regime of animals or poultry ad libitum with the regime of their dosed limited feeding, introducing into the technological process of feeding, at this initial moment of time, the dosed restricted feeding of animals and poultry, expanding the arsenal of means for a similar purpose.

As a result of the use of the invention, a cost-effective initial time moment of replacing the feeding regimen of animals or poultry ad libitum with a regimen of their dosed limited feeding is automatically determined, a time point of the beginning of an economically feasible correction of the regimen of feeding animals and poultry is introduced into the technological process of feeding at this point in time the mode of dosed limited feeding livestock of animals and birds. The technical result consists in the implementation by the device of the declared purpose.

At the same time, specialists-technologists or other technical solutions not related to this technical solution determine the reduced quantitative value of the daily dose of feed consumption, which ensures an increase in the economic efficiency of the most costly technological feeding process when raising animals and poultry. This occurs after the automatically determined device specified initial economically optimal point in time. Significant savings are achieved in expensive feed for animals and poultry. The accuracy of controlling the process of managing the feeding technology and the accuracy of determining the time of transition of the feeding technology ad libitum to the mode of dosed limited feeding of animals and birds are increased. Moreover, as a result of the use of the invention, the accuracy of determining the economically optimal point in time from the feeding of the livestock to the limited dosage is significantly improved, the resulting feed consumption for raising animals or poultry is significantly reduced.

The consequence of the indicated technological and economic result of using the invention is also the technical result of using the invention, consisting in expanding the arsenal of means of a similar purpose.

The above technical result is also achieved by the fact that the device for determining the economically and technologically optimal time points for replacing the feeding regime of animals or poultry ad libitum with the regime of their limited feeding comprises a time clock, a feed flow sensor, a live weight sensor of an animal or broiler bird, a heat energy consumption sensor, an electric energy consumption sensor, while a unit of a signal of a specific time or a unit of time, labor of personnel, a unit of a signal of a specific x by time, or per unit of time, depreciation costs, unit of signal specific for time, or per unit of time, repair costs, unit of signal specific for time, or per unit of time, expenses for renovation or overhaul, unit of signal specific time , or per unit of time, transport and other production costs, a signal shaper of the total feed consumption in time or the first integration element, a signal shaper of live weight of an animal or broiler in time or second integration element, thermal energy cost signal shaper by time or third integration element, electric energy cost signal shaper by time or fourth integration element, time labor input signal driver shaper or fifth integration element, time depreciation expense signal shaper or sixth integration element, shaper signal repair costs in time or the seventh integration element, shaper signal costs for renovation sludge and for overhaul in time or the eighth element of integration, the shaper of the signal of transport expenses in time or the ninth element of integration, the block of signal generators of the unit market prices of the components of the cost of production during the period of the technological process, the block of multiplication elements, the first division element, the first differentiation element time, the second element of time differentiation, the first comparison scheme, the first driver for the economic conversion rate at constant the instantaneous, or per unit time, operating costs of the signal of the technologically optimal time, the first adder the second adder, the subtraction element, the third element of time differentiation, the fourth element of time differentiation, the second comparison scheme, the first driver for the signal profit of the economically optimal time the second element of division, the fifth element of differentiation in time, the sixth element of differentiation in time, the third comparison scheme, the second driver for econ the ohmic conversion coefficient of the signal at an economically optimal time, a two-input controlled key, a two-input controlled key control element, technological equipment for automatically changing the feeding mode ad libitum to the dosed limited feeding mode and for signaling this to service personnel, the output of the time setter being connected to the first inputs of the signal conditioner total feed consumption over time or the first integration element, live-signal shaper an animal or bird broiler in time or a second integration element, a shaper of heat energy consumption signal in time or a third integration element, a shaper of electrical energy consumption signal in time or a fourth integration element, a signal shaper for labor time personnel or a fifth integration element, a depreciation signal shaper time expenses or the sixth integration element, the signal generator of repair time expenses or the seventh element and integration of a shaper of the signal of expenses for renovation or overhaul in time or the eighth element of integration, a shaper of the signal of expenses for time or the ninth element of integration, the second inputs and outputs of which are connected respectively to the outputs of the sensor of feed consumption, the sensor of live weight of an animal or bird - broiler, thermal energy consumption sensor, electric energy consumption sensor, signal specific unit in time, or per unit of time, labor costs of personnel, setter a specific time signal, or per unit of time, depreciation expenses, a specific time signal setter, or a unit of time, repair costs, a specific time signal setter, or a unit of time, renovation or overhaul expenses, a specific signal setter time, or per unit of time, transportation costs and to the corresponding inputs of the block of multiplication elements, the other inputs of which are connected to the corresponding outputs of the unit of signal setters of the unit market prices constituting the cost the production frequency during the period of the technological process, the outputs of the signal generator of the total feed consumption by time or the first integration element and the signal generator of the live weight of the animal or broiler by time or the second integration element are additionally connected respectively to the first and second inputs of the first division element, the output of which is connected to the input of the serial connection of the first time differentiation element, the second time differentiation element, per of the comparison circuit, the first driver for the economic conversion coefficient at constant instantaneous, or per unit time, operating costs of the signal of the technologically optimal moment of time, the additional input of the first comparison circuit is connected to the zero bus of the device, the corresponding eight outputs of the block of multiplication elements are connected to the corresponding inputs of the first adder whose output is connected to the first input of the second adder, the second input and output of which are connected respectively to the ninth output ohm of the block of multiplication elements and with the connection of the first inputs of the subtraction element and the second division element, the connection of the second inputs of which is the tenth output of the block of multiplication elements, and the outputs of the subtraction and the second division element are connected to the corresponding inputs of the serial connections of the third time differentiation element, the fourth differentiation element in time, the second comparison scheme, the second driver for the profit signal economically optimal point in time and the fifth element d differentiation in time, the sixth element of differentiation in time, the third comparison circuit, the third driver for the economic coefficient of signal conversion of the economically optimal moment of time, the additional inputs of the second comparison circuit and the third comparison circuit are connected to the zero bus of the device, the outputs of the second driver for the profit signal of the economically optimal moment time and the third driver for the economic conversion rate of the signal economically optimal point in time are united to corresponding inputs of the two-input of controllable switch, control input and output of which are respectively connected to the output of the two-input controlled by the control key and the entry to the process equipment for the automatic replacement of the regime of feeding ad libitum for restricted feeding regime dosed and for signaling this service personnel.

Essentially, the device for determining the economically and technologically optimal time points for replacing the feeding regime of animals or poultry ad libitum with the regime of their limited feeding performs a set of actions that includes setting the signal of the time of the technological process, measuring and integrating the feed signal of the feed time, setting the signal of the specific market price of feed , the formation of the calculated-measured signal of the cost of consumed feed in the form of a product of the measured signal of feed consumption and a given signal the specific market price of feed, measuring and integrating over time a signal of the average live weight of an animal or poultry according to the herd, setting a signal of a specific market price of animal or poultry meat, generating a calculated and measured signal of the cost of production at product sales prices, measuring and integrating over time a flow signal thermal energy, setting the signal of the specific market price of thermal energy, generating a calculated-measured signal of the costs of consumed thermal energy or a calculated-measured signal cost of heat energy consumed, measuring and integrating over time a signal of consumption of electric energy, setting a signal of a specific market price of electric energy, generating a calculated and measured signal of costs for consumed electric energy, characterized in that it sets and integrates time-specific signals per unit time of wages maintenance and management personnel, depreciation deductions for capital investments in buildings and equipment, deductions for repair of buildings and equipped I, deductions for the renovation of buildings and equipment, transportation costs, set the signals of the specific market prices of the indicated components of the cost of production during the period of the technological process, form the calculated and measured signal of the total operating time over time in the form of the sum of the components of their signals, the calculated and calculated signal of the total according to the time of the cost of production in the form of the sum of the calculated-measured signal of feed costs and the calculated-measured signal of operating costs, form the calculated the o-measured profit signal in the form of the difference between the generated calculated and measured signal of the cost of production at the sales prices and the generated calculated and measured signal of the cost of production, differentiate this generated signal in time twice, the result of double differentiation is compared with a zero value and the signal is generated at an economically optimal time replacing the feeding regime of animals or poultry ad libitum with the regime of their limited feeding, form a calculated-measured signal technologists of the feed conversion ratio over time in the form of the result of dividing the measured and time-integrated feed consumption signal by the measured and time-integrated signal of the average live weight of the animal or bird by the herd, the calculated-measured signal of the economic coefficient of conversion of the cost of production to the actual cost of production in prices is formed implementation in time as the result of dividing the calculated-measured signal of the cost of production by the calculated-measured signal of the cost of products In terms of sales prices, the calculated-measured signal of the technological feed conversion rate and the generated calculated-measured signal of the economic coefficient of converting the cost of production into the actual cost of production are differentiated twice in time, the results of double differentiation are compared with a zero value and a corresponding signal is formed technologically the optimal time point for replacing the feeding regime of animals or birds ad libitum with the regime of their restriction nnogo feeding signal and economically optimal point in time replace the animals' diet and plenty of bird on the regime of restricted feeding.

The restrictive part of device actions (similar device actions)

1. The task of the time signal of the process.

2. Measurement and integration over time of the feed flow signal.

3. Setting the signal of the specific market price of feed or animal feed.

4. the formation of the calculated and measured signal of the cost of feed or the calculated and measured signal of the cost of spent feed in the form of the product of the measured signal of feed consumption and the given signal of the specific market price of feed.

5. Measurement and integration over time of the signal of the average live weight of the animal or bird in the herd.

6. Setting the signal of the specific market price of meat of animal or poultry.

7. The formation of the calculated-measured signal of the cost of production at prices of sales.

8. Measurement and integration over time of the signal of consumption of thermal energy.

9. Setting the signal of the specific market price of thermal energy.

10. Formation of the calculated and measured signal of the cost of consumed thermal energy or the calculated and measured signal of the cost of spent thermal energy.

11. Measurement and integration over time of the signal of consumption of electric energy.

12. Setting the signal of the specific market price of electric energy.

13. Formation of a calculated-measured signal of the cost of consumed electrical energy or a calculated-measured signal of the cost of consumed electrical energy.

A distinctive part of the device’s actions (distinctive device’s actions)

14. Set and integrate over time signals of specific time (per unit time) salaries of maintenance and management personnel, depreciation deductions for capital investments in buildings and equipment, deductions for repair of buildings and equipment, deductions for renovation or overhaul of buildings and equipment, transportation costs.

15. Set the signals of specific market prices for the indicated components of the cost of production during the period of the technological process.

16. The calculated-measured signal of the time-total operating costs is generated in the form of the sum of the components of their signals, the calculated-measured signal of the time-cost total production costs in the form of the sum of the calculated-measured signal of feed costs and the calculated-measured signal of operating costs.

17. The calculated-measured signal of profit is generated in the form of the difference of the generated calculated-measured signal of the cost of production at the prices of sales of the products and the generated calculated-measured signal of the cost of production, they differentiate this generated signal twice in time, the result of double differentiation is compared with zero value and the signal is generated economically the optimal time point for replacing the feeding regime of animals or birds ad libitum with the regime of their limited feeding.

18. A calculated-measured signal of the technological feed conversion coefficient is generated in time, in the form of a result of dividing the measured and time-integrated feed consumption signal by the measured and time-integrated signal of the average live weight of the animal or bird by the herd.

19. A calculated-measured signal of the economic coefficient of conversion, or change, conversion, of the cost of production to the actual cost of production in sales prices is generated in the form of the result of dividing the calculated-measured signal of the cost of production by the calculated-measured signal of the cost of production in sales prices.

20. The calculated-measured signal of the technological feed conversion rate and the generated calculated-measured signal of the economic conversion rate, or change, conversion, production cost into the actual cost of the product at sales prices are differentiated twice in time, the results of double differentiation are compared with a zero value and formed accordingly a signal of a technologically optimal moment in time of replacing the feeding regime of animals or birds ad libitum with the regime of their limitation nnogo feeding signal and economically optimal point in time replace the animals' diet and plenty of bird on the regime of restricted feeding.

A device for determining the economically and technologically optimal timing of replacing the feeding regime of animals or poultry ad libitum with the regime of their limited feeding is illustrated in FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 3, FIG. 4, FIG. 5 and FIG. 6.

In FIG. Figure 1 shows an illustration of the procedure for determining the economically and technologically optimal time points for replacing the feeding regime of animals or poultry ad libitum with the regime of their limited feeding: t ₁ is the time moment of the beginning of the additional nonlinear increase in operating costs W _ex ^Σ ₁ (t); t ₂ is the time instant t of the beginning of an additional nonlinear decrease in operating costs 3 _ex ^Σ ₂ (t); t ^ek _opt1 - economically optimal point in time Replaces the feeding regime of animals or poultry ad libitum with the regime of their limited feeding with an additional nonlinear temporary increase in the accumulated operating costs ^C _explo ^Σ ₁ (t); t ^ek _opt2 - economically optimal time point for replacing the feeding regime of animals or poultry ad libitum with the regime of their limited feeding with an additional nonlinear decrease in operating costs W _ex ^Σ ₂ (t); t ^tech _opt or t ^ek _opt at 3 _ex (t) = 0 is the technologically optimal time point for replacing the feeding regime of animals or poultry ad libitum with the regime of their dosed limited feeding in the theoretical absence of operating costs, which practically cannot be.

In FIG. Figure 2 illustrates the gains and losses of the instantaneous, or per unit of time, profit of the technological process of raising animals or poultry when replacing the feeding regime of animals or poultry ad libitum with the regime of their limited feeding with a linear change in instantaneous, or per unit of time, operating costs at a technologically optimal point in time t _tech ^opt for 3 _ex (t) = 0, i.e. excluding operating costs, and at economically optimal times t _ek ^opt ₃ and t _ek ^opt ₄ .

In FIG. 3 is an illustration of graphs of the functions of time, or per unit time, dependencies of operating costs 3 _explo (t) and profit P (t) by means of the mathematical processor Mathcad-13. The displacements of the optimums of the function of the instantaneous (per unit time) production profit to the left and right along the time axis from the position of the technologically optimal moment of time are demonstrated:

a) an earlier compared to the technologically optimal point in time (at x = 5) replacing the feeding regimen ad libitum with the regime of dosed limited feeding, the economically optimal point in time (at x = 3,55) the personnel made a decision on the advisability of changing the feeding regimen of animals or poultry. Profit per unit time or instantaneous profit P (t) is conditionally 12.24 "rubles / unit. time ";

b) a later than the technologically optimal point in time (at x = 5) replacing the feeding regimen ad libitum with the regime of limited dosage feeding, the economically optimal point in time (at x = 5.99) when the staff decides whether it is necessary to change the feeding regimen of animals or poultry. Profit per unit time or instantaneous profit P (t) is conditionally equal to 6.10 "rubles / unit. time. "

In FIG. Figure 4 additionally shows three results of integration of instant profit P (t), rubles / unit. time, and obtain the total profit P ^Σ (t) under the condition of constant per unit time or instantaneous operating costs:

a) the argument "x" grows from zero to one, P ^Σ (t) = 4.67 "rubles."

b) the argument "x" grows from zero to two, P ^Σ (t) = 17.33 "rubles."

c) the argument "x" grows from zero to three, P ^Σ (t) = 36.0 "rubles."

In FIG. 5 additionally shows the result of integration with the upper limit of integration x = 10: P ^Σ (t) = 166.67 rubles.

In FIG. 6 is a functional diagram of a device for determining the economically and technologically optimal time points of replacing the feeding regime of animals or poultry ad libitum with the regime of their dosed limited feeding: 1 - time clock (t); 2 - feed flow sensor; 3 - sensor live weight of an animal or broiler bird); 4 - thermal energy consumption sensor; 5 - electric energy consumption sensor; 6 - signal generator specific in time, or per unit of time, labor costs of staff; 7 - signal generator specific time, or per unit time, depreciation costs; 8 - signal generator specific time, or per unit time, repair costs; 9 - signal generator specific in time, or per unit of time, costs of renovation or overhaul; 10 - signal generator specific time, or per unit time, transport costs; 11 - signal generator of the total feed consumption in time (for time t) or the first integration element; 12 - shaper signal live weight of the animal or bird in time (for time t) or the second integration element; 13 - shaper of the signal of the cost of thermal energy over time (for time t) or the third integration element; 14 - shaper of the signal of the cost of electric energy (for time t) or the fourth integration element; 15 - driver signal of labor costs of personnel in time (for time t) or the fifth integration element; 16 - signal generator of depreciation expenses in time (for time t) or the sixth integration element; 17 - signal generator repair costs in time (for time t) or the seventh integration element; 18 - shaper signal costs for renovation or overhaul in time (for time t) or the eighth integration element; 19 - shaper signal transport costs in time (for time t) or the ninth integration element; 20 - a block of signal setters for specific market prices that make up the cost of production during the period of the technological process; 21 is a block of multiplication elements; 22 - the first element of division; 23 - the first element of differentiation in time; 24 - the second element of differentiation in time; 25 is a first comparison diagram; 26 - the first driver for the economic conversion rate at constant instantaneous, or per unit time, operating costs of the signal of the technologically optimal moment of time (t ^tech _opt ); 27 - the first adder; 28 - second adder; 29 - element of subtraction; 30 - the third element of differentiation in time; 31 - the fourth element of differentiation in time; 32 is a second comparison diagram; 33 - the second driver for profit-signal economically optimal point in time (t _ek ^opt ); 34 - the second element of division; 35 - the fifth element of differentiation in time; 36 - the sixth element of time differentiation; 37 is a third comparison chart; 38 - the third driver for the economic conversion rate of the signal economically optimal point in time (t ^ek _opt ); 39 - two-input controlled key; 40 - control element two-input controlled key; 41 - technological equipment for automatically replacing the feeding regimen ad libitum with the regime of dosed limited feeding and for signaling this to maintenance personnel.

The basis of the operation of the device for determining the economically and technologically optimal time points of replacing the feeding regime of animals or poultry ad libitum with the regime of their limited feeding is as follows. In FIG. 1 the time dependence of the total feed consumption K ^Σ (t), kg, when it is multiplied by the unit price of feed C _K ^beats , rubles / kg, turns into the time dependence of the total cost of the consumed feed С _К ^Σ (t) = К ^Σ (t) × C _K ^ud , rubles During normalization, when reduced to a single norm, these curvilinear dependencies coincide, which is proved in FIG. 1. The same thing happens with the curved lines of the growing live weight of an animal or bird M _br ^Σ (t), kg, and the corresponding estimated cost of production at selling prices C _r ^Σ (t) = M _br ^Σ (t) × Ts of _meat ^ud , rub . Therefore, the position of the time dependence of the result of dividing the feed consumption K ^Σ (t) by the resulting increase in live weight M _br ^Σ (t), i.e. the time dependence of the technological feed conversion coefficient KK ^techn (t) corresponds to the position of the time dependence of the result of dividing the total cost of the consumed feed C _K ^Σ (t) = K ^Σ (t) × C _K ^beats by the estimated cost of production in the sale prices Ts _r ^Σ (t) = M _br ^Σ (t) × Ts _meat ^beats

We will name the last result of dividing the cost of feed consumed by the cost of products received at sales prices, provided that all others are equal to zero, except for the cost of feed, which constitute the cost of production, if the operating costs are equal to zero, in this particular case, the technological feed conversion coefficient of the feed is KK ^ec (t) under the condition of 3 _ex ^Σ (t) = 0. When differentiating between the time ratios: d (KK ^techn (t)) / dt and d ( KK ^ek (t)) / dt under the condition of 3 _ex ^Σ (t) = 0, - the minimum values of both obtained time dependences are achieved when the technologically optimal time instant t ^tech _opt , days is the same for both dependencies. In practice, operating costs are always present and never equal zero. For example, at constant instantaneous, or per unit time, operating costs, the total time-based operating costs in FIG. 1 linearly grow with the passage of time t, days, and are represented by a linear dependence of 3 _ex ^Σ (t). When adding feed costs to operating costs, the cost of production is C ^Σ _cost (t).

Now, without any additional conditions, the economic coefficient introduced here for converting the cost of production to the cost of production at sales prices KK ^ec (t) is equal to the ratio of the cost of production C ^Σ _cost (t) to the cost of production at sales prices Ts _r ^Σ (t). When differentiating such a new dependence, various positions of the minimum value of the indicated relation in time are possible, i.e. economically optimal point in time of conversion, conversion of production costs to the cost of production at sales prices, when this conversion is the most cost-effective, economically efficient:

- with a linear dependence of the total operating costs on time W _{e ex} ^Σ (t) = const × t it will be a point in time that coincides with the technologically best moment in time t ^ek _opt = t ^tech _opt at instant (per unit time) constant operating costs Z _epl ( t) = const;

- with a nonlinear increase in the total operational costs Z _ou ^Σ ₁ (t), starting at time t _1, the economically best time t ^eq _opt1 occurs earlier technologically optimal, due to the change in the position economic optimum (minimum first derivative economic conversion rate);

- with a nonlinear decrease in the total operating costs speed temporary growth W _ou ^Σ ₂ (t), starting at time t _2, the economically best time t ^eq _opt2 occurs later technologically optimal, due to the change in the position economic optimum (minimum first derivative economic factor conversions).

It is understood that a linear or non-linear change in instantaneous or time unit operating costs in time and in accordance with the kind of the time dependence of the change in temporal position of economic optimum efficiency of feeding process t ^eq _opt deviates from the temporal position: the best process performance the same process t ^tehn _wholesale . This means the need to monitor the temporal position t ^eq _opt to find opportunities to increase the economic efficiency of feeding process.

Poultry technologists, for example, are primarily interested in knowing the biological effectiveness of conversion, the conversion of chemical feed into the biological productivity of the broiler organism. Therefore, they are only interested in feed consumption and live weight of poultry, and the economic or economic components of profit, the cost of production at selling prices, the cost of production are secondary with a purely technological approach.

Cost components are feed costs and operating costs. Thus, operating costs are not taken into account in determining the technological feed conversion ratio: the amount of feed consumed is simply divided by the resulting increase in live weight. Such an optimal curve of the first derivative of the conversion coefficient, i.e. the ratio per unit time of the feed mass to the live weight of the product at sales prices, has the lowest location on the graph (Fig. 1), and at the minimum point t ^tech _{opt the} ratio of the cost of feed and the cost of production at sales prices is minimal.

This means that the reciprocal is the largest instantaneous, or per unit of time, value at the same optimum point. For this reciprocal of the ratio of the cost of production at selling prices to the cost of feed, this maximum is the largest in comparison with the same economic relations, which are called the economic conversion coefficient, which in the denominator in the general case has non-zero operating costs.

As you know, profit is the difference between the denominator and the numerator of the inverse ratio, i.e. economic conversion rate. Consequently, the temporary provisions of the minima of the economic coefficients of the conversion of the cost of production to the cost of production at selling prices coincide with the temporary provisions of the corresponding time dependencies of profit, in rubles / unit. time (Fig. 2).

For example, theoretical technological instantaneous (per unit time) profit excluding operating costs P ₁ (t) | _{Sexpl1 (t) = 0 is} always greater than instantaneous economic profit, taking into account these costs, for example, by the value of constant operating costs C _expl2 (t) = const in the time of the feeding process, П ₂ (t) | _{Sexpl2 (t) = const} for the same value of operating costs constant per unit time C _exp2 (t), as in FIG. 2 show two corresponding dependencies. Under this condition, the constant over time instantaneous (per unit time) operating costs With _expl2 (t) = const technologically and economically optimal point in time the same t _tech ^opt .

If the instantaneous (per unit time) operating costs C _exp3 (t) = a × t linearly increase with time, then the result of subtracting them from the real dependence P ₂ (t) | _{Saxpl2 (t) = const} is equal to P ₃ (t) | _{Saxpl3 (t) = at} with a maximum at the point of economic optimum t _ect ^opt ₃ that does not coincide with the point (with time) of the time of the technological optimum t _tech ^opt . The moment of economic maximum t _ect ^opt ₃ occurs earlier than the technological t _tech ^opt , which is explained by the inexpediency of continuing to feed ad libitum under the conditions of the already increasing operating costs With _exp3 (t) = a × t.

If the operating costs C _exp4 (t) = - d × x × t + b linearly increase with time, then the result of subtracting them from the real dependence P ₂ (t) | _{Saxpl2 (t) = const} is equal to P ₄ (t) | _{Saxpl4 (t) = - dxt + b} , with a maximum at the point of economic optimum t _ect ^opt ₄ that does not coincide with the point, or with a point in time of the technological optimum t _tech ^opt . The moment of economic maximum t _ect ^opt ₄ comes later _{than the} technological t _tech ^opt , which is explained precisely by the need to continue feeding ad libitum in the face of decreasing operating costs C _explo4 (t) = - d × x × t + b.

The economic benefits of managing a feeding regimen at economically optimal times and the economic losses when managing a technologically optimal moment of time are as follows.

Let the profit conditions P ₃ (t) | _{Sexpl3 (t) = at the} replacement of the feeding regimen ad libitum occurred at the economically best point in time t _ect ^opt ₃ , i.e. in t. A. Feed costs decreased, and the profit curve went along the AC line. When integrated over time, the area of the figure ACEFDBA (the proportions of this figure are shown conditionally) over the previous profit curve P ₃ (t) | _{Sexpl3 (t) = at} is the total monetary gain from including limited feeding at the economically best point in time t _ect ^opt ₃ .

If, for the same curve of the profit line, P ₃ (t) | _{Sexpl3 (t) = at} include dose restriction of feed in the technologically optimal moment of time t _tech ^opt , i.e. in t. B, then the process of making instant profit will go along the line of BF. The resulting cash prize will correspond to the area of the BEDB figure (the proportions of this figure are shown conditionally), i.e. a smaller part of the additional benefits when managing at the economically best point in time t _ek ^opt ₃ .

Similarly, with a delay of the economically optimal moment of time t _ect ^opt ₄ according to the profit curve P ₄ (t) | _{Sexpl4 (t) = - dxt + b is the} net economic (monetary) advantage when managing at the economically best point in time t _ect ^opt ₄ compared to switching on the feed restriction mode at the technologically optimal moment of time t _tech ^opt corresponds to the area of the figure JKIHJ (proportions of this figure shown conditionally). Moreover, the inclusion of the restricted feeding regime at the time t _tech ^opt leads to the resulting financial loss corresponding to the area of the GJHG figure (the proportions of this figure are shown conditionally), which is explained by the restriction of the number of feeds in the feed, namely, when the feed conversion ratio is still very close to the highest . As a result, productivity decreases, the cost of production at sales prices decreases correspondingly to this drop, and the profit line follows the lower path GH, which lies below the economically optimal path GJH.

Thus, the formation of signals by the device of economically optimal times to replace the feeding regimen ad libitum with the regime of dosed limited feeding is an economic or economic necessity, since it significantly increases the accuracy of controlling the agricultural technological process of feeding animals or birds, and the technical solution of the device involves the use of only technical means of automatic agricultural production management.

A device for implementing the method includes a time controller 1, a feed consumption sensor 2, an animal or poultry broiler live weight sensor 3, a thermal energy consumption sensor 4, an electric energy consumption sensor 5, while a specific time signal generator, or per unit, is introduced into the device time, labor costs of personnel 6, the unit of signal specific for time, or per unit of time, depreciation expenses 7, the unit of signal specific for time, or per unit of time, repair costs 8, the unit of signal specific for time, or e the unit of time, the cost of renovation or major repairs 9, the signal unit of the unit for time, or per unit of time, the transport of expenses 10, the driver of the signal of the total feed consumption by time or the first integration element 11, the driver of the signal of live weight of an animal or broiler time or the second integration element 12, the shaper of the signal of the cost of thermal energy in time or the third element of the integration 13, the shaper of the signal of the cost of electric energy in time or the fourth element of int 14, the driver of the labor time signal or the fifth integration element 15, the driver of the depreciation expense time or the sixth integration element 16, the driver of the repair time signal or the seventh integration element 17, the driver of the signal for renovation or overhaul time or the eighth element of integration 18, the shaper of the signal of transport costs in time or the ninth element of integration 19, the unit of the unit of signals of specific market prices, which constitute the cost of production during the period of operation of the technological process 20, the block of multiplication elements 21, the first element of division by 22, the first element of differentiation by time 23, the second element of differentiation by time 24, the first comparison circuit 25, the first shaper by the economic conversion rate for constant instantaneous, or per unit of time, operating costs of the signal of the technologically optimal moment of time 26, the first adder 27, the second adder 28, the subtraction element 29, the third a time differentiation element 30, a fourth time differentiation element 31, a second comparison circuit 32, a second profit driver of a signal of an economically optimal moment of time 33, a second division element 34, a fifth time differentiation element 35, a sixth time differentiation element 36, a third scheme 37, the third driver for the economic conversion coefficient of the signal economically optimal point in time 38, two-input controlled key 39, control two-input controlled key 40, technological equipment for automatically replacing the feeding mode ad libitum with the mode of dosed limited feeding and for signaling about this to the maintenance personnel 41, the output of the time setter 1 being connected to the first inputs of the signal shaper of the total feed consumption by time or the first integration element 11, the signal shaper live the mass of the animal or broiler bird in time or the second integration element 12, the shaper of the signal of the cost of thermal energy in time or the third element and integration 13, the driver of the signal of the expenditure of electrical energy in time or the fourth integration element 14, the driver of the signal of the labor costs of the staff in time or the fifth integration element 15, the driver of the signal for depreciation costs in the sixth element of integration 16, the driver of the signal for repair costs in time or the seventh element integration 17, the driver of the signal of expenses for renovation or overhaul in time or the eighth element of integration 18, a signal carrier of transport expenses by time or the ninth integration element 19, the second inputs and outputs of which are connected respectively to the outputs of the feed consumption sensor 2, live weight sensor of an animal or poultry broiler 3, heat energy consumption sensor 4, electric energy consumption sensor 5, signal transmitter specific in time, or per unit of time, labor costs of personnel 6, a unit of signal specific time, or per unit of time, depreciation expenses 7, a unit of signal specific time, or per unit of time, repair costs 8, the unit specific signal time, or per unit of time, the cost of renovation or overhaul 9, the unit specific signal time, or unit time, transport costs 10 and to the corresponding inputs of the block of multiplication elements 21, the other inputs of which connected to the corresponding outputs of the unit of signal setters of specific market prices components of the cost of production during the period of the technological process 20, the outputs of the signal shaper of the total feed consumption over time and either the first integration element 11 and the live-load signal of the animal or poultry broiler in time or the second integration element 12 are additionally connected to the first and second inputs of the first division element 22, the output of which is connected to the input of the serial connection of the first time differentiation element 23, the second element of time differentiation 24, the first comparison circuit 25, the first driver for the economic conversion rate at constant instantaneous, or in units time, operational costs of the signal of the technologically optimal time 26, the additional input of the first comparison circuit 25 is connected to the zero bus of the device, the corresponding eight outputs of the block of multiplication elements 21 are connected to the corresponding inputs of the first adder 27, the output of which is connected to the first input of the second adder 28, the second the input and output of which are connected respectively with the ninth output of the block of multiplication elements 21 and with the connection of the first inputs of the subtraction element 29 and the second division element 34, the combination of the second inputs of which is the tenth output of the block of multiplication elements 21, and the outputs of the subtraction element 29 and the second division element 34 are connected to the corresponding inputs of the serial connections of the third time differentiation element 30, the fourth time differentiation element 31, the second comparison circuit 32, the second shaper profit signal economically optimal point in time 33 and the fifth element of differentiation by time 35, the sixth element of differentiation by time 36, the third scheme with avonii 37, the third driver for the economic coefficient of the signal conversion of the economically optimal moment of time 38, the additional inputs of the second comparison circuit 32 and the third comparison circuit 37 are connected to the zero bus of the device, the outputs of the second driver for the profit signal of the economically optimal time 33 and the third driver for the economic coefficient signal conversions of an economically optimal moment of time 38 are connected to the corresponding inputs of a two-input controlled key 39, controlling th input and output of which are respectively connected to the output of the two-way control key control 40 and to the input of process equipment for the automatic replacement of the regime of feeding ad libitum on a limited metered feeding mode and for signaling about 41 attendants.

The device operates as follows. The elements of the device carry out both the measurement of material signals and the calculation of various economic and mathematical values, and produce on this basis the formation of the corresponding material signals. That is, actions are performed on material objects using material objects. They are defined, determined, compared with each other and all the necessary signals are generated. The actions of the circuit elements of the device are reflected in their names and do not need much additional comments. For example, in the top diagram of FIG. 6 input of the first element of division 22 is the signal value of the total value of the spent feed With _K ^Σ (t). The second input of the first element of division 22 receives a signal of the value of the obtained products at sales prices Ts _p ^Σ (t). Dividing by gives the output of the first dividing element 22 signal KK ^ek (t) | _{ZeksplΣ (t) = 0} , i.e. signal of the economic conversion rate in the particular case of zero operating costs. This signal corresponds to the technological coefficient of feed conversion (÷ KK ^techn (t)), taking into account the proportion of unit prices for feed and products in sales prices. Therefore, after double time differentiation in the first time differentiation element 23 and in the second time differentiation element 24, determining the instant of transition of the signal of the second derivative through zero in the first comparison scheme 25, it is formed in the first driver by the economic conversion coefficient at constant instantaneous values (per unit time) operating costs of the signal technologically optimal point in time (t ^tech _opt ) 26 signal technologically optimal time t ^technical _opt .

The inputs of the first adder 27 are signals of total labor costs З _labor ^Σ (t), rubles, total transportation costs З _transp ^Σ (t), rubles, total depreciation, З _amort (t), rubles, total repair costs З _repair ^Σ (t), rub .; total costs of renovation (overhaul) _Zrenov ^Σ (t), rubles, for the maintenance of the broiler population in the house. At the output of the first adder 27, a signal is generated of the total operating costs over time t of _ex 3 ^Σ (t), rubles, for servicing the broiler population in the house or the number of animals in the room. At the output of the second adder 28, a signal is total during t cost livestock products broilers in the house or animal indoors C ^Σ _{the Cost} (t) = C _K ^Σ (t) + W _ou ^Σ (t) = K ^Σ (t) × U _K ^beats + 3 _labor ^Σ (t) + 3 _transp ^Σ (t) + 3 _amort ^Σ (t) + 3 _repair ^Σ (t) + 3 _Renov ^Σ (t), rub. The signal of the unit price of one kilogram of feed CC ^beats , rubles / kg, is generated in the unit of signal setters for unit market prices of cost components; products during the period of the technological process 20, as well as other signals of unit prices. This signal is subtracted in the subtraction element 29 from the signal Ц _р ^Σ (t), and a signal of total profit П ^Σ (t) is obtained, which, after differentiation in the third time differentiation element 30, becomes an instant profit signal П (t). The second time differentiation fourth cell differentiation by time 31 makes it possible to determine the shift obtained at the output signal of the second derivative with respect to time passes through zero by the second comparison circuit 32, and the output of the second shaper economically optimal point in time (t ^eq _opt) at signal gains 33 the first signal is formed economically optimal point in time t ^ek _opt . Also, the signal total over time t of the cost of production C ^Σ _cost (t) is fed to the top according to the scheme of FIG. 6, the input of the second division element 34, to the other input of which the signal Ts _p ^Σ (t) is supplied. At the output of the second division element 34, a signal of the economic coefficient of conversion of KK ^ec (t) arises in the general case, taking into account operating costs with any time dependence. After the double differentiation with respect to time in the fifth cell differentiation with respect to time 35 and the sixth element of differentiation with respect to time 36 and comparing the result with zero in the third scheme comparison 37 in the second shaper economic factor signal conversion economically optimal point in time (t _eq ^opt) 38 is formed a second the signal t _ek ^opt , the value of which is equal to the value of the first signal of the economically optimal point in time t ^ek _opt . It remains with the help of a two-input controlled key 39 to select from these two essentially identical and equal signals by means of a two-input controlled key 40 control a single signal for controlling technological equipment for automatically replacing the feeding regimen ad libitum with the regime of dosed limited feeding and for signaling this to the maintenance personnel 41.

At the same time, the accuracy of managing the agricultural production process is significantly increased, feed consumption is reduced, and at the same time, the highest comprehensive technical and economic efficiency of animal and poultry feeding processes in the industries of livestock and poultry farming is achieved. The technical result of the use of the invention is to expand the arsenal of funds for a similar purpose.

Explanatory figure captions

FIG. 1. Illustration of the procedure for determining the economically and technologically optimal time points for replacing the feeding regime of animals or poultry ad libitum with the regime of their limited feeding with the non-linear nature of the temporary change in the total operating time over time: t ₁ is the time moment of the start of the additional non-linear increase in operating costs 3 _explo ^Σ ₁ ( t); t ₂ - the time point of the beginning of the additional nonlinear decrease in operating costs W _epl ^Σ ₂ (t); t ^ek _opt1 is the economically optimal time point for replacing the feeding regime of animals or poultry ad libitum with the regime of their limited feeding with an additional nonlinear temporary increase in the accumulated operating costs З _explo ^Σ ₁ (t); t ^ek _opt ^lin - economically optimal time point for replacing the feeding regime of animals or poultry ad libitum with the regime of their limited feeding with a linear temporary increase in the accumulated operating costs З _explo ^Σ _lin (t); t ^ek _opt2 - economically optimal time point for replacing the feeding regime of animals or poultry ad libitum with the regime of their limited feeding with an additional nonlinear decrease in operating costs W _ex ^Σ ₂ (t); t ^tech _opt or t ^ek _opt at 3 _ex (t) = 0 is the technologically optimal moment in time of regime change: feeding animals or birds ad libitum to the regime of their limited feeding with the theoretical absence of operating costs, which practically cannot be. It can be seen that the smaller the non-linearity of operating costs, the more economically optimal the time point for changing the feeding regime approaches technologically optimal. And, on the contrary, the greater the non-linearity of operating costs, the greater the time interval between the times of economically and technologically best management of the replacement of feeding regimes.

FIG. 2. Illustration of the economic gains and losses of the instantaneous, or per unit of time, profit of the technological process of raising animals or poultry when replacing the feeding regime of animals or poultry ad libitum with the mode of their limited feeding with a linear change in instantaneous, or per unit of time, operating costs at the technologically optimal moment time t _tech ^opt at 3 _ex (t) = 0, i.e. excluding operating costs, and at economically optimal times t _ek ^opt ₃ and t ^ek _opt4 . It can be seen that the economic gains and losses depend strongly on the time at which the transition to limited feeding is economically or technologically optimal. Also, economic gains and losses strongly depend on the accuracy of accounting for all components of the cost price, which are associated with the economically optimal time moments of the transition to limited feeding, and not only on the account of its main component - the cost of feed consumed by the livestock, with which the technologically optimal time moment of the transition to limited feeding.

FIG. 3. An illustration of the graphs of the functions of time, or per unit time, dependencies of operating costs _Eexp (t) and profit P (t) by means of the Mathcad-13 mathematical processor. The displacements of the optimums of the function of the instantaneous (per unit time) production profit to the left and right along the time axis from the position of the technologically optimal moment of time are demonstrated;

a) an earlier compared to the technologically optimal point in time (at x = 5) replacing the feeding regimen ad libitum with the regime of dosed limited feeding, the economically optimal point in time (at x = 3,55) the personnel made a decision on the advisability of changing the feeding regimen of animals or poultry. Profit per unit time (instantaneous profit) P (t) is conditionally 12.24 "rubles / unit. time ";

b) a later than the technologically optimal point in time (at x = 5) replacing the feeding regimen ad libitum with the regime of limited dosage feeding, the economically optimal point in time (at x = 5.99) when the staff decides whether it is necessary to change the feeding regimen of animals or poultry. Profit per unit time (instantaneous profit) P (t) is conditionally 6.10 "rubles / unit. time. "

FIG. 4. The three results of integration through the mathematical processor Mathcad-13 instant profit P (t), rub / unit time, and obtain the total profit P ^Σ (t) under the condition of constant per unit time (instantaneous) operating costs:

a) the argument "x" grows from zero to one, P ^Σ (t) = 4.67 "rubles."

b) the argument "x" grows from zero to two, P ^Σ (t) = 17.33 "rubles."

c) the argument "x" grows from zero to three, P ^Σ (t) = 36.0 "rubles."

FIG. 5. Illustration, using the mathematical processor Mathcad-13, of an additional integration result with the upper integration limit x = 10: П ^Σ (t) = 166.67 rubles.

FIG. 6. Functional diagram of a device for determining the economically and technologically optimal time points for replacing the feeding regime of animals or poultry ad libitum with the regime of their limited feeding: 1 - time clock (t); 2 - feed flow sensor; 3 - sensor live weight of an animal or broiler bird; 4 - thermal energy consumption sensor; 5 - electric energy consumption sensor; 6 - signal generator specific in time, or per unit of time, labor costs of staff; 7 - signal generator specific time, or per unit time, depreciation costs; 8 - signal generator specific time, or per unit time, repair costs; 9 - signal generator specific in time, or per unit of time, costs of renovation or overhaul; 10 - signal generator specific time, or per unit time, transport costs; 11 - signal generator of the total feed consumption in time (for time t) or the first integration element; 12 - shaper signal live weight of the animal or bird in time (for time t) or the second integration element; 13 - shaper of the signal of the cost of thermal energy over time (for time t) or the third integration element; 14 - shaper of the signal of the cost of electric energy (for time t) or the fourth integration element; 15 - driver signal of labor costs of personnel in time (for time t) or the fifth integration element; 16 - signal generator of depreciation expenses in time (for time t) or the sixth integration element; 17 - signal shaper repairs costs in time (for time t) or the seventh integration element; 18 - shaper signal costs for renovation or overhaul in time (for time t) or the eighth integration element; 19 - shaper signal transport costs in time (for time t) or the ninth integration element; 20 - a block of signal setters for specific market prices that make up the cost of production during the period of the technological process; 21 is a block of multiplication elements; 22 - the first element of division; 23 - the first element of differentiation in time; 24 - the second element of differentiation in time; 25 is a first comparison diagram; 26 - the first driver for the economic conversion rate at constant instantaneous (per unit time) operating costs of the signal of the technologically optimal moment of time (t ^tech _opt ); 27 - the first adder; 28 - second adder; 29 - element of subtraction; 30 - the third element of differentiation in time; 31 - the fourth element of differentiation in time; 32 is a second comparison diagram; 33 - the first driver for profit signal economically optimal point in time (t _ek ^opt ); 34 - the second element of division; 35 - the fifth element of differentiation in time; 36 - the sixth element of time differentiation; 37 is a third comparison chart; 38 - the second driver for the economic conversion rate of the signal economically optimal point in time (t ^ek _opt ); 39 - two-input controlled key; 40 - control element two-input controlled key; 41 - technological equipment for automatically replacing the feeding regimen ad libitum with the regime of dosed limited feeding and for signaling this to maintenance personnel.

Claims (1)

The device for determining the economically and technologically optimal time points for replacing the feeding regime of animals or poultry ad libitum with the regime of their limited feeding comprises a time clock, a feed consumption sensor, a live or animal weight sensor, a heat energy consumption sensor, an electric energy consumption sensor, characterized in that the device entered the signal specific unit per unit time of labor costs, the unit specific signal per unit time depreciation costs, the unit signal specific time unit of repair expenses, signal generator of unit costs per unit of time for renovation, signal unit of unit costs per unit of time of transportation expenses, signal generator of feed consumption time or the first integration element, signal generator of live weight of an animal or bird by time or second integration element, former the signal of the cost of thermal energy in time or the third element of integration, the driver of the signal of the cost of electric energy in time or the fourth element of integration time, a time driver for the labor time signal or the fifth integration element, a time driver for the depreciation expense or the sixth integration element, a driver for the repair time signal or the seventh integration element, a driver for the time renovation signal or the eighth integration element, transport signal generator time costs or the ninth integration element, a unit of signal setters for specific market prices comprising cost and products during the duration of the technological process, a block of multiplication elements, a first element of division, a first element of differentiation in time, a second element of differentiation in time, a first comparison scheme, a first driver for the economic conversion rate at constant instantaneous, or per unit time, operating costs a signal of a technologically optimal point in time, the first adder, the second adder, a subtraction element, a third time differentiation element, a fourth element differentiation in time, the second comparison scheme, the second driver for the profit signal of the economically optimal time, the second element of division, the fifth element of the differentiation in time, the sixth element of the differentiation in time, the third comparison circuit, the third driver for the economic coefficient of conversion of the signal of the economically optimal time, two-input controlled key, two-input controlled key control element, technological equipment for automatic change of mode to feeding to the mode of dosed limited feeding and for signaling about this to the service personnel, the output of the time setter being connected to the first inputs of the signal generator of the total feed consumption in time or the first integration element, the signal shaper of live weight of the animal or bird in time or the second integration element, the shaper the signal of the cost of thermal energy in time or the third integration element, the driver of the signal of the cost of electric energy in time or four a fastened integration element, a driver of the labor time signal or the fifth integration element, a driver of the depreciation expense signal for the time or the sixth integration element, a driver of the repair time signal or the seventh integration element, a driver of the renovation signal for the time or the eighth integration element, driver a signal of transport expenses in time or the ninth integration element, the second inputs and outputs of which are connected s, respectively, to the outputs of the feed consumption sensor, animal or poultry live weight sensor, thermal energy consumption sensor, electric energy consumption sensor, personnel specific signal per unit time, personnel depreciation specific signal unit, depreciation specific unit per time signal, repair unit specific signal per time unit expenses, a signal setter per unit time of renovation costs, a signal setter per unit time of transportation costs and to the corresponding inputs of the block multiplication elements, the other inputs of which are connected to the corresponding outputs of the unit of signal setters for specific market prices of the components of the production cost during the period of the technological process, the outputs of the signal shaper of the total feed consumption in time or the first integration element and the shaper of live weight of the animal or bird in time or second the integration element is additionally connected respectively to the first and second inputs of the first division element, the output of which connected to the input of the serial connection of the first element of differentiation in time, the second element of differentiation in time, the first comparison circuit, the first driver of the signal according to the economic conversion coefficient at constant instantaneous, or per unit time, operating costs of the signal of the technologically optimal time, an additional input of the first comparison circuit connected to the zero bus of the device, the corresponding eight outputs of the block of multiplication elements are connected to the corresponding input the odes of the first adder, the output of which is connected to the first input of the second adder, the second input and output of which are connected respectively to the ninth output of the block of multiplication elements and to the connection of the first inputs of the subtraction element and the second division element, the connection of the second inputs of which is the tenth output of the block of multiplication elements, and the outputs of the subtraction element and the second pressure element are connected to the corresponding inputs of the serial connections of the third time differentiation element, the fourth di time framing, the second comparison circuit, the second driver for profit signal of the economically optimal time and the fifth element of differentiation in time, the sixth differentiation element in time, the third comparison circuit, the third driver for the economic coefficient of signal conversion of the economically optimal time, additional inputs of the second circuit comparison and the third comparison circuit are connected to the zero bus of the device, the outputs of the second driver for profit signal economical The sockets of the optimal moment of time and the third driver in terms of the economic conversion coefficient of the signal of the economically optimal moment of time are connected to the corresponding inputs of the two-input controlled key, the control input and output of which are connected respectively to the output of the control element of the two-input controlled key and to the input of technological equipment for automatically changing the feeding mode to mode of dosed limited feeding and to signal this to the maintenance personnel.

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