RU2602730C1 - Method of measuring wind speed basing on doppler effect - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: radio engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to radio electronic equipment and can be used for remote probing of the atmosphere, particularly measuring speed, direction and turbulence of the wind in the vertical and horizontal section of the atmosphere. Method has the following sequence of actions: generated is radiation frequency of oscillations

, which are binary phase-modulated with a pseudorandom sequence with duration T with elementary signal

, herewith

where N is the discreteness of transmissions of measurement in time, simultaneously generated is a similar signal with frequency

, i.e. of type F

input reflected signals are in the form by frequency of

, and mixed with signals

, after which they are restored by a filter synchronously with a N-channel sequence of type 1-N and the results of these operations are assessed as per a preset algorithm, herewith allocated frequencies

are proportional to the wind speeds.

EFFECT: technical result is higher accuracy of measurement.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to electronic equipment and can be used for remote sensing methods of the atmosphere, in particular measuring the speed, direction and turbulence of the wind in a vertical-horizontal section of the atmosphere. Also, the invention can be used in sonar.

Measurements of wind speed and direction in the atmosphere have long been known, see, for example, N.A. Zaitseva “Aerology”, Leningrad, hydromethioisdate, 1990, pp. 46-42. Aerological probes (ARZ) and ground-based radars are used here.

Modern methods of measurement are the use of satellite navigation systems (GPS) GPS and GLONASS, the receivers of which are located on board the ARZ and transmit flight coordinates to the ground base station (radar), by the change of which they judge the strength of the wind, its direction and turbulence, see RF patent No. 2480791.

These two methods have two main disadvantages:

- requires ARZ and a rather expensive receiver SNRS,

- in conditions of very strong descending wind flows observed in Siberia, the Arctic and Antarctic, at which the wind speed reaches 300-400 km / h, the true wind speed (taking into account the lifting force of the ARZ) will be measured with a rather large error.

A common problem in measuring the true wind speed, which is necessary for flights of planes and helicopters and during rocket, including space, and artillery firing, is the cheapening of measurements and improving the accuracy of measurements, for example, according to the requirements of the aerospace industry of the Russian Federation, measuring wind speed in horizontal and vertical planes should not be worse than 0.1 m / s, and the measurement error in degrees in azimuth and target angle is not worse than 1 ° relative to the meridian.

A known method of determining wind speed, based on the detection of signals with a known Doppler frequency against a background of white noise with a multi-channel structure for estimating parameters from a single radar pulse, see “Proceedings of universities. Radioelectronics ”, 2014.“ ON THE RESULTS OF MODELING A MULTI-CHANNEL RADAR DETECTOR. ”Bychkov V.E., Mrachkovsky OD, Pravda V.I.

Disadvantage: circuitry complexity due to the presence of a large number of channels, up to several tens, therefore, high cost.

Also known is a method of measuring wind speed, see “Scientific Bulletin of MSTU GA” 2012. “PROSPECTS FOR THE COORDINATE-DOPLER METHOD FOR INCREASING THE ACCURACY OF MEASURING WIND SPEED IN THE ATMOSPHERE.” G.P. Trifonov.

Disadvantages: the method requires the use of ARZ and in addition to it an angular reflector attached to the housing of the ARZ, as well as the presence of ground-based radar tracking.

Known meteorological radar stations operating on the Doppler effect (hereinafter referred to as SID), for example, WSR-88D in the framework of the US NEXRAD program, see R. Dovian, D. Zrnich, book “Doppler radars and meteorological observations”, Leningrad, Gidrometeoizdat, 1988, p. 10-14, also see printout p. 13 “Radar method for measuring wind speed”.

The closest technical solution is the MP L Meteor 1500, also within the NEXRAD framework, in which the transmitter and receiver always work on the same phase reference as the basis for high-precision Doppler processing. This MRL allows you to track wind speed, wind rotation, turbulence or wind shear. Source of information see above.

Disadvantages: a large error in determining wind speed, the minimum range resolution G2.5M.

An object of the invention is to improve the measurement accuracy with minimal GMC.

The technical result is achieved by constructing a measurement based on phase-modulated signals.

To solve the problem is proposed.

, которые бинарно модулированы по фазе псевдослучайной последовательностью длительностью T с элементарным сигналом

, причем

где N - это дискретность посылок измерения во времени, одновременно вырабатывается аналогичный сигнал со смещением по частоте

, т.е. вида

, входные отраженные сигналы имеют вид по частоте

и смешиваются с сигналами

, после чего восстанавливаются фильтром синхронно с N-канальной последовательностью вида 1-N и результаты этих операций оцениваются по заданному алгоритму, причем выделяемые частоты

пропорциональны скоростям ветра.A method of measuring wind speed based on the Doppler effect using phase-modulated signals, characterized in that it has the following sequence of actions: an oscillation frequency is generated

which are binary phase modulated by a pseudo-random sequence of duration T with an elementary signal

, and

where N is the discreteness of the measurement bursts in time; at the same time, a similar signal with a frequency offset is generated

, i.e. kind of

, the input reflected signals have the form of frequency

and mixed with signals

, after which they are restored by the filter synchronously with an N-channel sequence of the form 1-N and the results of these operations are evaluated according to a given algorithm, and the frequencies allocated

proportional to wind speeds.

The drawing shows a structural diagram of a device that implements this method, which shows:

B - transmitting channel

C - receiving channel

D - processing channel

1. clock generator

2. pseudo-random sequence generator (GLP)

3. modulator

4. reference frequency generator

5. shift register

6. recovery filters (1 ... N)

7. first mixer

8. second mixer

9. solver

10. receiving amplifier

11. transmitting amplifier

12. generator

A1. radiating antenna

A2. receiving antenna

The electrical block diagram of this method has the following connections.

The output of the clock generator 1 is connected to the synchro inputs of the GLP 2 and shift register 5.

The output of the GLP 2 is connected to the first input by the modulator 3 and with the signal input of the shift register 5.

соединен с вторым входом модулятора 3 и через первый смеситель 7 с первым входом второго смесителя 8, с вторым входом которого соединен выход усилителя 10, а выход второго сумматора 8 соединен с сигнальными входами восстановительного фильтра 6, с задающими входами которого соединены выходы 1-N регистра 5.The output of the generator 4 reference frequency

connected to the second input of the modulator 3 and through the first mixer 7 to the first input of the second mixer 8, with the second input of which the output of the amplifier 10 is connected, and the output of the second adder 8 is connected to the signal inputs of the recovery filter 6, with the input inputs of which the outputs 1-N of the register are connected 5.

The output of the generator 12 is connected to the second input of the first mixer 7 and to the inputs of the phase reducer 6.

The output of the recovery filter 6 is connected to the RU 9, the outputs of which are the outputs of the device. The output of the modulator 3 through the amplifier 11 is loaded on the transmitting antenna A1.

The device according to this method works as follows.

, эта последовательность поступает на модулятор фазы 3, где модулирует опорную частоту

, поступающую на этот модулятор, выход которого через усилитель 11 поступает на излучающую антенну А1, где в виде фазокодомодулированного сигнала (ФКМС 1) излучается в пространство с частотой

.The transmitting channel generates a pseudo-random sequence by the generator GPP 2, which is synchronized by the clock frequency

, this sequence goes to the phase 3 modulator, where it modulates the reference frequency

coming to this modulator, the output of which through the amplifier 11 goes to the radiating antenna A1, where in the form of a phase-modulated signal (FCMS 1) is radiated into space with a frequency

.

с частотой

, которая в виде ФКМС 2 через усилитель 10 поступает на вход 2 второго смесителя 8, на первый вход которого поступает частота

с выхода первого смесителя 7. Эта результирующая частота с выхода второго смесителя поступает на обрабатывающий канал Д.The receiving channel C receives the radiation frequency through the antenna A2

with frequency

, which in the form of PCMS 2 through the amplifier 10 enters the input 2 of the second mixer 8, the first input of which receives the frequency

from the output of the first mixer 7. This resulting frequency from the output of the second mixer is fed to the processing channel D.

The processing channel D includes a shift register 5, N channel phase 6 reducing agent and a resolver 9 (RU).

и на выходах регистра получаем 1-N последовательно сдвинутых сигналов, которые поступают на первые выходы 1-N восстановителей фазы 6, на вторые входы 1-N которого поступают сигналы с второго смесителя 8. На выходах 1-N восстановителей фазы 6 получаем частоту

, которая обрабатывается РУ 9, убирая частоту

и выделяя тем самым последовательно 1-N частот Доплера, которые и несут необходимую информацию о скорости ветра.From the generator GPP 2 of the transmitting channel, the pseudo-random sequence arrives at the signal input of the shift register 5, synchronizes with the frequency

and at the outputs of the register we get 1-N sequentially shifted signals that go to the first outputs of 1-N phase 6 reducers, the second inputs 1-N of which receive signals from the second mixer 8. At the outputs of 1-N phase 6 reducers we get the frequency

, which is processed RU 9, removing the frequency

and thereby highlighting sequentially 1-N Doppler frequencies, which carry the necessary information about the wind speed.

Claims (1)

A method of measuring wind speed based on the Doppler effect using phase-modulated signals, characterized in that it has the following sequence of actions: an oscillation frequency is generated

which are binary phase modulated by a pseudo-random sequence of duration T with an elementary signal

, and

where N is the discreteness of the measurement bursts in time; at the same time, a similar signal with a frequency offset is generated

, i.e. type f

input reflected signals have a frequency view

and mixed with signals

, after which they are restored by the filter synchronously with an N-channel sequence of the form 1-N and the results of these operations are evaluated according to a given algorithm, and the frequencies allocated

proportional to wind speeds.

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