RU2601334C1 - Tube drier - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention can be used in oil refining, petrochemical, chemical and gas industry. Tube drier - horizontal tube shell includes a housing, heat exchange tubes, loading and unloading chambers, drive, nozzle for inlet and outlet of raw material, product, heat carrier. One end of tube shell is connected to a distribution chamber, other end to a separation chamber, and inside heat exchange tubes there are rotating flexible metal spirals, to ends of which are rigidly fixed: on one side - pipes with slots, on other - metal rods fixed in bearings of cover of separation chamber, wherein tubes with slots are arranged in distribution chamber and are connected by means of gear transmission with drive.

EFFECT: invention shall provide high heat transfer efficiency due to direct contact of flue gases with raw material in pipes with intense mixing of product by rotating flexible metal spirals and effective heat exchange in flue gases flowing around pipes in counter flow in annular space.

1 cl, 4 dwg

Description

Currently, the problem of processing oily sludge, tar sands, oil shale, etc. is very urgent. The peculiarity of their processing technology is that the feedstock contains from 30% to 70% of mineral substances: sand, clay, silt, etc. The task is that after heat treatment of oil-containing sludge, the residue - the mineral part, mixed with heavy hydrocarbons, after drying, is a solid phase that can be used in the production of building materials and road surfaces.

Known [1] are dryers of a roll-ribbon type (Fig. 1) for drying pasty materials, in which a loading chamber 1, a forming roll 2 heated by hot air from the inside, and a drying chamber 4 are used. Partially dried material is removed from the roller by a comb knife 3 and falls on the conveyor belt 5, which moves along the chamber, where it is dried to a predetermined humidity.

The disadvantages of these devices are:

- low heat transfer efficiency;

- low productivity;

- high energy costs;

- large required area.

Known [2] drum dryers (Fig. 2), including a horizontal hollow drum 6, mounted at a small angle α to the horizon on the roller bearings. The drum 6 is driven into rotation from the drive 8 by means of a gear transmission 7. Wet material is introduced into the drum 6 through the loading chamber 1. When the drum is rotated, the dried material is poured and moves to the unloading chamber 9. The material is dried as a result of the interaction of flue gases that come from fireboxes into the drum 6. For more effective contact of the material with the combustion products, various partitions are installed on the walls of the drum. The movement of material and flue gases can be straight-through or countercurrent. Exhaust gases are sucked off by a fan through a cyclone.

The disadvantage of these devices are:

- low heat transfer efficiency;

- low productivity;

- high energy intensity;

- the tendency to clog the inner surface of the drum with the source material.

Known [2] drum rotary vacuum dryers (Fig. 3), designed for drying bulk or paste-like explosive and fire hazardous products. Drum rotary dryers - batch apparatus.

In a horizontal cylindrical housing 10 with a steam jacket heated by steam, a hollow inside rotor with blades - strokes 11 is installed. The rotor rotates with the help of a drive 8, consisting of 2 face gears and an electric motor.

Heating and drying of the product occurs as a result of the contact of the product with the heated surfaces of the housing and the rotor while stirring the product in the apparatus.

The disadvantages of these devices are:

- low heat transfer efficiency;

- significant unit capital and operating costs;

- low operational reliability.

A “tube dryer” is proposed, which is a horizontal shell-and-tube apparatus (Fig. 4), including a housing 10, heat transfer tubes 12, a loading 1 and an unloading 9 chamber, a gear transmission 7, a drive 8, a fitting for supplying and discharging raw materials, product, and coolant. A distribution chamber 14 is attached to one end of the shell-and-tube apparatus, a separation chamber 15 is attached to the other end, and rotating flexible metal spirals 13 are placed inside the heat exchange tubes, the ends of which are rigidly attached: on the one hand, pipes with slots 16, on the other, rods 17, fixed in the bearings of the cover of the separation chamber 18, while the pipes with slots are placed in the distribution chamber 14 and connected using a gear 7 with a drive 8.

Tubular drying works as follows: the suspension enters from above into the loading chamber 1, is captured by rotating spirals 13 and sent to pipes 12, heated externally by hot flue gases from the furnace, entering the annulus, part of the flue gases enters the distribution chamber 14 and through cuts in the pipes , rotating flexible spirals passes into the pipes, moves in the same direction as the product, overtaking the solid and liquid parts of the raw material, facilitating its mixing, which increases the heat transfer efficiency chi. At the outlet of the pipes, flue gases and vapors of raw materials are separated from the solid phase in the separation chamber 15 and are removed from the apparatus through a fitting in the separation chamber. The dried solid residue is discharged through a nozzle in the discharge chamber 9.

Thus, the proposed dryer design implements: high heat transfer efficiency due to direct contact of flue gases with raw materials in the pipes with intensive stirring of the product by rotating spirals and at the same time effective heat exchange of pipes when flowing externally with flue gases in countercurrent in the annular space of the apparatus.

The technical result achieved by using the proposed design of the dryer is as follows:

- reduced power consumption, metal consumption and installation dimensions;

- increased operational reliability due to self-cleaning pipes;

- reduced the required area of the apparatus.

The invention can be used in the refining, petrochemical, chemical and gas industries.

Captions

FIG. 1. Roller-belt dryer.

1 - boot camera; 2 - forming roller; 3 - comb knife; 4 - a drying chamber; 5 - belt conveyor.

FIG. 2. Drum dryer.

1 - boot camera; 6 - drum; 7 - gear transmission; 8 - drive; 9 - unloading chamber.

FIG. 3. Drum rotary vacuum dryer.

1 - boot camera; 8 - drive; 9 - unloading chamber; 10 - case; 11 - rotor with strokes.

FIG. 4. Tubular dryer.

1 - boot camera; 7 - gear transmission; 8 - drive; 9 - unloading chamber; 10 - case; 12 - heat transfer pipes; 13 - flexible spirals; 14 - distribution chamber; 15 - separation chamber; 16 - pipes with slots; 17 - rods; 18 - cover of the separation chamber.

I is the input of the suspension; II - the yield of the finished product; III - the entry of combustion products into the annulus; IV - input of combustion products into the pipes; V is the yield of combustion products; VI - output of combustion products and liquid vapor.

Literature.

1. A.N. Planovsky, P.I.Nikolaev. Processes and devices of chemical and petrochemical technology. Gostoptekhizdat, Moscow, 1960, p. 502, 503.

2. A.I. Skoblo, Processes and devices for oil and gas refining and petrochemicals. Nedra Publishing House Moscow, 2000, p. 354, Yu.K. Molokanov A.I. Vladimirov, B.A. The Nutcrackers.

Claims (1)

Tubular dryer - a horizontal shell-and-tube apparatus, including a housing, heat transfer pipes, loading and unloading chambers, a drive, a nozzle for supplying and discharging raw materials, product, coolant, characterized in that a distribution chamber is attached to one end of the shell-and-tube apparatus, and a separation chamber is connected to the other end and rotating flexible metal spirals are placed inside the heat exchange tubes, to the ends of which are rigidly attached: on the one hand - pipes with slots, on the other - metal rods fixed in bearings of the lid of the separation chamber, while pipes with slots are placed in the distribution chamber and are connected by a gear transmission to the drive.

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