RU2600012C1 - Method for feeding day-old chicks for egg production - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture, particularly to a method for feeding day-old chicks for egg production. Method involves feeding a colour fodder containing grain culture, wherein for the first three days of life chickens are given millet that is died in different colors: green, red, orange and natural colour. Then, starting from the fourth day and til the seventh day they are fed dry feedstuff in the granules with diameter of not more than 3 mm.

EFFECT: higher safety of chickens.

1 cl, 2 tbl

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to poultry farming.

In contrast to mammals, in birds, the visual and physical properties of food affect food intake more than taste or smell. She eats only what she sees, consumes food in certain daytime, even if it is freely available.

Sensitive receptors in birds are involved in three main stages of food intake: its recognition, pecking, and gastrointestinal digestion. In the stage of recognition of food, vision is of great importance. For example, green usually stimulates food intake in newly hatched chicks. Youngsters also show interest in this color, as well as in the specific shape and size of the feed particles, similar to small seeds.

All natural and some synthetic dyes can be used for coloring food products as an excitement of the taste center when added to human and animal and bird food.

In view of the fact that birds have developed color vision, it is possible to use dyes together with food in order to make it attractive, which will ultimately lead to more complete eatability, and at the same time reduce feed costs per unit of production and increase the profitability of production.

There is a known method of preparing food (patent No. 2373763), according to which a complex consisting of a multienzyme preparation “GIMIZIM” at the rate of 1 g per 1 kg of feed and dye “PONSO” at the rate of 1 liter of a 0.2% solution per 100 kg of feed. The invention allows to increase the productivity and safety of chickens, increase egg production, and also leads to a decrease in the production of eggs with damaged shells.

The disadvantage of this method is the relatively high cost of the components used for painting.

Known pet food and method of its production (RF patent No. 23338990). To colorize the food, the dye was applied to the outer surface of individual pieces of the product in order to improve its appearance.

A known method of manufacturing food for broiler chickens (RF patent No. 2289270), according to which a vitamin-pigmenting additive is introduced into the feed, moreover, pumpkin paste obtained by fermenting a lactic acid bacteria culture liquid in a concentration of 0.4-0.6%, which 5-7% of the weight of the feed is introduced into the feed before feeding.

The disadvantage is that the content of pumpkin paste in the feed should be exactly 5-7%, since if below 5% the pigmentation is low, if above 7% then the nutritional value of the feed will decrease and its moisture will increase.

A known invention relating to the field of production of dry feed and feeding colored feed containing grain crops, domestic animals, adopted as a prototype (RF patent No. 2411745). The dye used in the invention represents a failure of a mixture of synthetic dyes and consists of the following components, wt.%: Tartrazine 66-70%, yellow sun sunset 7-8%, karmuazin 19-21%, diamond blue 4-5%. EFFECT: invention makes it possible to obtain a stable brown coloring of feed.

However, the dosage of the synthetic dye, methylene blue, introduced in the feed in the amount of 0.025-0.1% by weight of the finished dry feed, is too large, which leads to cost overrun of the dye, an increase in the cost of finished products and is not acceptable for chickens.

In addition, methylene blue is prohibited for coloring dry pet food in accordance with SanPin 2.3.2.1293-03.

The technical result is to increase the feeding activity of chickens in the "critical" period of rearing with the aim of preserving the chickens.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of feeding day-old chickens of eggs of the egg direction, including feeding colored food containing cereals, according to the invention, in the first three days of life, the chickens are given colored millet in different colors: green, red, orange and in natural color, then starting from the fourth day to the seventh, dry feed is fed in granules with a diameter of not more than 3 mm.

The claimed method of manufacturing food for day-old chickens of egg direction differs in other terms, age data of the bird and the timing of the experiment, as well as the presence of an additional criterion, such as the diameter of the feed, and increased efficiency of use.

A comparative analysis of the claimed solutions with known technical solutions allows us to conclude that the claimed method of feeding chickens meets the criterion of "novelty."

With the introduction of colored feed for chickens, eatability increases due to increased activity to the color of the feed and the diameter of the granules.

The features that distinguish the claimed technical solution from the prototype are aimed at achieving the task and have not been identified in the study of patent and scientific and technical literature in this and related fields of science and technology and, therefore, meet the criterion of "inventive step".

The claimed technical solution meets the criterion of "industrial applicability", as it can be used in rearing chickens in industrial factories, as well as in private farms.

The method of feeding the daily chickens of hens of egg direction is as follows.

In the first days of life, chickens are given colored millet in different colors: green, red, orange and in natural color. The selected colors for staining millet due to the fact that conducted in many studies to monitor the reaction of chickens to the color of the feed, showed that these colors are most attractive for day-old chickens. Then, starting from the fourth day to the seventh, dry feed is fed with a diameter of not more than 3 mm. The bird spends more energy on eating non-granulated food than granular food. The diameter of medium-sized particles is about 8 thousand microns. The reduction in feed intake is proportional to the reduction in medium diameter particles. Each 100 μm reduction causes a 4% reduction in eatability. Small feed pellets are poorly absorbed, when interacting with saliva they turn into a sticky mass that sticks together, especially when the diet contains wheat or other cereal grains.

An example of a specific implementation of the method of feeding the daily chickens of hens of egg direction.

The experiment was carried out on chickens of the cross Loman Brown in a laboratory of the department of breeding agricultural animals and zootechnology of the Kuban State Agrarian University. To conduct an experiment on the study of the preference of colored food with different dyes, a group of chickens was grouped in the amount of 20 goals in a day old. The cell used was divided into sections according to the number of stained feeds. Colored food was in the troughs painted in the same color in order to attract chickens. In each color feeder was placed food treated with a specific dye. For the experiment, millet was previously dyed in green, orange, red and blue. In the experiment, 5 different food colors with one type of feed were used and one type of feed was used in its natural form.

From the moment of giving the feed, the completeness of the food intake was taken into account.

Table 1 shows data on the eatability of colored millet. In the course of the experiment, it was found that the best thing on the first day of chickens is eating millet, painted in red and orange.

The bird first collects feed particles in its beak, then with a sharp movement of the head forward it moves to the back of the mouth, where they are covered with viscous saliva before swallowing. Therefore, the feed size is affected by the size of its particles, structure, and any change in its integrity. Therefore, the second part of the experiment was the study of preference for chickens in the size of the granules. For this, in the experimental group, the colored millet was replaced with compound feed with various diameters. To do this, it was previously sieved on a sieve of different diameters: 0.5 mm, 1 mm, 2 mm and 3 mm compound feed for day-old chickens. The cell used was divided into sections according to the number of granule sizes. It was formulated 4 feeders with granule sizes: 0.5 mm, 1 mm, 2 mm and 3 mm.

The data in table 2 show that the maximum consumption of feed with a diameter of 1 mm, a minimum with a diameter of 3 mm.

In the course of the experiment, it turned out that the pellet size of 1 mm is preferable for chickens and with the help of different sizes of feed particles it is possible to attract the chickens to the feed and increase their nibble rate.

Analyzing visual observations, it can be assumed that the presented stimuli, namely color and food particles, stimulate search behavior in chickens. Thus, the proposed chickens stimuli motivate their feeding behavior.

Claims (1)

A method of feeding chickens of eggs of egg direction, including feeding colored food containing grain crops, characterized in that in the first three days of life the chickens are given millet dyed in different colors: green, red, orange and in natural color, then starting from the fourth day and for the seventh, they feed dry compound feed in granules with a diameter of not more than 3 mm.