RU2597402C1 - Mining-transportation system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to a complex for open excavation of deep pits, in particular kimberlite pipes. Mining-transportation complex contains a fixed frame (1), movable frame (2), boom (3), rotor wheel (4) and monorail path (5). Fixed frame (1) is made in form of an arch, ends of which are rigidly fixed on the day surface soil (6). Mobile frame (2) is made in form of an arch, which in the middle of its length by means of suspension assembly (8) is hinged to fixed frame (1) to turn relative to fixed frame (1). At the ends of mobile frame (2) rests on two trolleys (9). Trolleys (9) are installed with possibility of movement on horizontally located monorail path (5). In the plan, monorail path (5) has the shape of circle. Boom (3) is arranged vertically. One end of boom (3) is connected with movable frame (2) with possibility of movement on guides (10) of movable frame (2). Rotor wheel (4) with buckets (11) are fixed at the other end of boom (3). Fixed (1) and movable (2) frames are equipped with belt conveyors, and boom (3) and suspension unit (8)-screw conveyors.

EFFECT: technical result is ore excavation without explosion from deep open pits and its transportation to the level of day soil without use of motor transport.

1 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to mining, and in particular to complexes for open pit mining of deep pits, mainly kimberlite pipes, and can be used to extract ore from the pit and transport it to the earth's surface.

The drilling and blasting method of developing diamond deposits has a serious negative impact on the integrity of diamonds and on the environment. In this regard, the problem of increasing the efficiency and environmental safety of the development of kimberlite deposits arose.

Known rotary excavator containing a movable frame, equipped with two conveyor belts and resting at the ends on two wheeled trolleys mounted on two parallel rails, as well as a rotor wheel with buckets with a horizontal axis of rotation, equipped with a drive for its rotation and mounted to move along the length of the movable frames [Patent No. 1083517, Canada, IPC B65G 3/02, Bucket wheel reclaimer / Conelly Frank X., patentee - Granted to Litton Systems, Inc., claimed. 03/21/1978, publ. 08/12/1980].

A disadvantage of the known bucket wheel excavator is that its movable frame is made in the form of a beam of rectangular cross section. This does not allow to make a beam of large length. When the length of the beam is larger than the diameter of the kimberlite pipe, its unacceptably large deflection will occur in the middle of the beam under its own weight and the weight of the rotor wheel.

In addition, a disadvantage of the known excavator is that its movable frame passes inside the Central axial hole of the rotor wheel. This design does not allow during operation to lower the rotor wheel below the movable frame. For this reason, it is not possible without reinstalling the rail tracks to select an ore horizon with a height greater than the radius of the rotor wheel. When using such an excavator to develop a deep pit, frequent reinstallation of rail tracks and a movable frame with trolleys in height will be required. This reduces labor productivity and increases the complexity of the process. At the same time, each time to install rail tracks at a new underlying level, it will be necessary to complete a berm of the required width. As a result, the slope angle of the pit wall will be no more than 45 degrees, and the maximum depth of the pit will be approximately equal to half its diameter at the level of daytime soil. For this reason, a well-known excavator cannot be used to produce ore from kimberlite pipes, which, as a rule, are of great depth. This narrows the technological capabilities of the bucket wheel excavator.

Also known is a mining-transporting complex comprising a movable frame equipped with a conveyor belt and resting at the ends on two carts, as well as a rotor wheel with buckets with a horizontal axis of rotation, equipped with a drive for its rotation and fixed on the end of the boom, while the other end of the boom is connected to a movable frame, and the boom itself is equipped with a conveyor that moves the ore from the zone of rock unloading from the bucket of the rotor wheel to the zone of ore loading onto the conveyor belt of the moving frame [Patent No. 1450481, France, IPC E02F 5 / 26, Excavateur a rotor / Naret G. B., etc., patent holder - Vsesojuzny Nauchno-Issledovatelsky Institut Zemleroinogo Mashinostroenia, stated. 03/31/1965, publ. 07/18/1966], adopted by us for the prototype.

A disadvantage of the known mining and conveying complex is that its movable frame is made in the form of a beam of rectangular cross section. This does not allow to make a beam of large length. When the length of the beam is larger than the diameter of the kimberlite pipe, its unacceptably large deflection will occur in the middle of the beam under its own weight and the weight of the rotor wheel.

A disadvantage of the known mining and conveying complex is also that the boom is connected to the movable frame by means of a support of rotation with the possibility of rotation relative to the movable frame in the horizontal plane at a certain angle. Said rotation support is located in the middle of the movable frame. Thus, in the process of ore mining, the boom oscillates at a certain angle relative to its central position perpendicular to the axis of the movable frame. The carts on which the movable frame rests at its ends are tracked. Using these trolleys, the movable frame, together with the boom and the rotor wheel, moves in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the movable frame. Thus, due to the movement of the movable frame and the oscillatory movement of the boom, the rotor wheel selects the ore, forming a channel with parallel side walls. Therefore, the known mining and conveying complex cannot be used to extract ore from quarries having a plan in the form of a circle, for example kimberlite pipes. This narrows the technological capabilities of the excavator.

The problem to which the invention is directed is expanding the technological capabilities of the mining and conveying complex by providing the possibility of mining ore from deep quarries having a circular shape in plan, for example kimberlite pipes.

To solve this problem, a mining-transporting complex containing a movable frame equipped with a conveyor belt and resting at the ends on two trolleys, as well as a rotor wheel with buckets with a horizontal axis of rotation, equipped with a drive for its rotation and fixed at the end of the boom, with the other end of the boom connected to the movable frame, and the boom itself is equipped with a conveyor transporting the ore from the zone of rock unloading from the rotor wheel buckets to the ore loading zone to the conveyor belt of the moving frame, according to the invention , is additionally equipped with a fixed frame made in the form of an arch, the ends of which are rigidly fixed on the surface of the soil, and equipped with a conveyor belt that moves the ore from the middle of the fixed frame to one of its ends, and the movable frame is made in the form of an arch, which is in the middle of its length by means of a suspension unit, it is suspended from a fixed frame with the possibility of rotation relative to the fixed frame. While the movable frame is made with the possibility of changing its length. Guides for moving the boom are fixed on the movable frame along its length. The zone of ore unloading from the conveyor belt of the movable frame is located in the middle of its length. The suspension unit is made with the possibility of changing its length and is equipped with a screw conveyor, also made with the possibility of changing its length. The carts of the movable frame are mounted with the ability to move along a rail made in the form of a horizontally mounted collapsible monorail, having a plan view of a circle. The boom is located vertically, made with the possibility of movement along the guides of the movable frame and with the possibility of changing its length, while the boom conveyor is made auger and with the possibility of changing its length.

Additionally, the mining and conveying complex is equipped with an ore crushing unit located on the boom in the area of ore unloading from the bucket of the rotor wheel.

The technical result of the proposed invention is to provide the possibility of non-explosive mining of ore from deep quarries and its transportation to the level of daytime soil without the use of road transport and without the construction of roads on the pits.

The invention is illustrated by drawings:

in FIG. 1 shows a diagram of the development of a kimberlite pipe using the proposed mining-transporting complex, cross section;

in FIG. 2 - mining and conveying complex, top view;

in FIG. 3 - remote element B of FIG. one;

in FIG. 4 is a section BB of FIG. 3;

in FIG. 5 - mining-transporting complex, axonometry;

in FIG. 6 is a cross section of a fixed frame.

The mining and conveying complex comprises a fixed frame 1, a movable frame 2, an arrow 3, a rotor wheel 4 and a monorail 5.

The fixed frame 1 is made in the form of an arch, the ends of which are rigidly fixed to the surface of the daytime soil 6. The fixed frame is equipped with a conveyor belt that moves the ore from the middle of the fixed frame 1 to one of its ends. Near this end, an enrichment plant 7 is located on the surface of the earth.

The movable frame 2 is made in the form of an arch, which is suspended in the middle of its length by means of a suspension unit 8 to the fixed frame 1 with the possibility of rotation relative to the fixed frame. The movable frame 2 is configured to change its length. For this, it can be made telescopic or collapsible. To reduce the length of the telescopic movable frame, its links enter one another, and to reduce the length of a collapsible movable frame, one of its links is removed. At the ends of the movable frame 2 is supported by two trolleys 9. The trolleys 9 are mounted to move along a horizontally located monorail 5. The monorail 5 is made collapsible from separate rails. In terms of monorail 5 has the form of a circle. For this, the rails in the horizontal plane are bent along an arc of a circle. For the manufacture of a monorail of the desired diameter, a set of rails of a certain curvature is used.

The movable frame 2 is equipped with a conveyor belt. The ore discharge zone from the conveyor belt of the movable frame 2 is located in the middle of its length. On the movable frame 2 along its length guides 10 are fixed for moving the boom 3.

Arrow 3 is located vertically. Arrow 3 is configured to change its length. For this, it can be made telescopic or collapsible. To reduce the length of the telescopic boom, its links enter one another, and to reduce the length of the collapsible boom, one of its links is removed. At one end, the boom 3 is connected to the movable frame 2 with the possibility of moving along the guides 10 of the movable frame 2. At the other end of the boom, a rotor wheel 4 with buckets 11 with a horizontal axis of rotation is provided, equipped with a drive for its rotation. Buckets 11 of the rotor wheel are equipped with high-strength teeth and are designed to work in harsh conditions of the far north. In the zone of unloading ore from buckets 11 of the rotor wheel on the boom 3 there is an ore crushing unit 12.

The boom 3 is equipped with a screw conveyor 13, moving the ore from the zone of unloading ore from the buckets 11 of the rotor wheel 4 to the loading area on the belt conveyor of the movable frame 2. The screw conveyor 13 of the boom 3 is configured to change its length.

The suspension unit 8 is made with the possibility of changing its length. For this, it can be made telescopic or collapsible. The suspension unit is equipped with a screw conveyor, also made with the possibility of changing its length.

The complex works as follows.

A fixed frame 1 is installed above the site of the future development of the kimberlite pipe, the ends of which are rigidly sealed on the surface of the daytime soil 6.

Initially, the monorail 5 is laid on the surface of daytime soil 6 around the place of development of the kimberlite pipe around a larger diameter circle. A movable frame 2 is mounted on the monorail 5 on the bogies 9. In the middle, the movable frame 2 is suspended from the fixed frame 1 using the suspension unit 8.

The boom 3 is suspended from the movable frame 2 so that it can move along the guides of the movable frame 2. At the other end of the boom 3, the rotor wheel 4 is fixed with a drive for its rotation.

The ore mined by the buckets 11 of the rotor wheel 4 is fed to the ore crushing unit 12 and then to the screw conveyor 13 of the boom 3. From the screw conveyor 13 of the boom, the ore is poured onto the conveyor belt of the movable frame 2. The latter conveys the ore to the middle of the movable frame 2, from where the auger the conveyor of the suspension unit lifts it to the conveyor belt of the fixed frame 1. The latter transports the ore to the end of the fixed frame 1 to the place of its supply to the processing plant 7.

As ore is being mined, the boom 3 together with the rotor wheel 4 moves along the guides 10 of the movable frame 2, and the movable frame 2 itself rotates relative to the stationary frame 1. Due to these movements, the first ore horizon is selected with a depth of half the diameter of the rotor wheel 4 and a diameter slightly smaller the diameter of the monorail 5. After that, increase the length of the boom 3 by half the diameter of the rotor wheel 4. The length of the screw conveyor 13 of the boom is also increased by the same amount. In a similar way, ore is selected from the second horizon. Then again increase the length of the boom 3 and choose ore from the third horizon and so on. In a similar way, the length of the boom 3 is increased to its maximum values. As a result, they excavate a pit in the form of a truncated cone, as close as possible to the shape of a cylinder, i.e. with the maximum possible slope angles of the sides of the pit.

After that, a new monorail 14 of smaller diameter is laid at the bottom of the resulting pit. The length of the movable frame 2 is reduced and installed on a new monorail path 14. Accordingly, the length of the conveyor belt of the movable frame 2 is reduced, and the length of the suspension unit 8 and its screw conveyor is increased. The length of the arrows is again shortened to the minimum values. Similarly to the development of the first pit, the second pit is selected in the form of a truncated cone with smaller base diameters.

After that, at the bottom of the second pit, a new monorail 15 of even smaller diameter is laid. Reduce the length and reinstall the movable frame 2 and choose a third foundation pit of even smaller diameter.

So, gradually, choose several pits, sinking to the maximum possible depth.

Claims (2)

1. A mining-transporting complex comprising a movable frame equipped with a conveyor belt and supported at the ends by two bogies, as well as a rotor wheel with buckets with a horizontal axis of rotation, equipped with a drive for its rotation and fixed on the end of the boom, while the other end of the boom is connected to movable frame, and the boom itself is equipped with a conveyor moving ore from the zone of rock unloading from the bucket of the rotor wheel to the loading area on the conveyor belt of the moving frame, characterized in that it is additionally equipped a movable frame made in the form of an arch, the ends of which are rigidly fixed on the surface of the soil, and equipped with a conveyor belt that moves the ore from the middle of the fixed frame to one of its ends, the movable frame is made in the form of an arch, which is in the middle of its length using the suspension unit suspended from the fixed frame with the possibility of rotation relative to the fixed frame, while the movable frame is made with the possibility of changing its length, guides for moving the boom are fixed on the moving frame along its length, zone ore unloading from the conveyor belt of the movable frame is located in the middle of its length, the suspension unit is made with the possibility of changing its length and is equipped with a screw conveyor, also made with the possibility of changing its length, the carts of the movable frame are mounted with the ability to move along a horizontally mounted collapsible monorail, having a plan view of a circle, and the boom is vertically arranged to move along the guides of the movable frame and with the possibility of changing its lengths While the boom conveyor screw and is configured with the possibility of changing its length. 2. The mining-transporting complex according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with an ore crushing unit located on an arrow in the zone of unloading ore from the bucket of the rotor wheel.

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