RU2593731C1 - Electromagnetic valve - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electrical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to electrically driven valves and can be used in power engineering industry in aircraft. Electrically driven valve comprises body with the main seat, an electromagnet. In body there are main and unloading gates. Armature is articulated with the main gate with annular groove. On the other end of the main bolt unloading seat. In the anchor there is a through axial stepped hole with in its central part. Note here that opening of small diameter is guiding surface for unloading of the seat. Unloading gate is located in the hole of larger diameter to displace axially. Plane stage interacts with discharge gate for its separation from the seat. On external surface of anchor projecting from the electromagnet, there is a groove for engagement with the main gate. In annular groove of the main bolt there is a locking ring. Between the armature and the main gate a damping spring.

EFFECT: higher stability of parameters (actuation time, tightness) and its repairability.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to electromagnetic valves (EC) and can be used in power engineering, for example in aircraft.

ECs consisting of a housing, an electromagnet with an anchor, spring-loaded main and discharge locks (for example, USSR author's certificate No. 469851, class F16K 31/02 with a priority of May 30, 73), in which the housing is equipped with an additional cavity, are widely known which is a spring-loaded locking element made by a shank passed into the cavity of the main shutter, which provides shock-free braking of the valve.

The disadvantage of such EC is the unproductive discharge of the working fluid when the valve is opened in the drainage (atmosphere) to create a pressure drop on the main shut-off element to open it.

Known EC with unloading by contour that does not have this drawback (see the book by A. L. Przhialkovsky and S. Kh. Schuchinsky "Electromagnetic valves", Leningrad, Publishing house "Engineering", 1967, p. 34, Fig. 14), taken as a prototype of the invention, in which the main shutter is installed in the EC housing, blocking the outlet and dividing the valve into two cavities: inlet and discharge, which are connected by a bypass hole. In the discharge cavity there is a spring-loaded anchor with a discharge valve rigidly mounted on the end and connected semi-rigidly to the main valve via a pin, and the discharge valve seals the valve exit through the discharge valve made on the main valve. When voltage is applied to the coil of the electromagnet, the armature with the discharge gate moves, compresses the spring and opens the passage for the working fluid to exit the valve through the seat of the discharge gate made on the main gate. The pin mounted in the anchor moves inside the groove of the main bolt until it contacts the wall of the groove.

The pressure of the working fluid in the discharge cavity of the electromagnet drops, the main valve rises, opening the main passage for the working fluid to exit the valve and allowing the anchor to select the entire stroke. When removing the voltage from the coil of the electromagnet, the spring is unclenched, and the anchor with the discharge valve installed on its end sits on the discharge saddle, made on the main bolt. The valve is closed, the ends of the pin occupy an intermediate position in the groove of the main locking element. In the absence of pressure of the working fluid, the main valve is detached from the seat with a pin.

This design is workable, but has several disadvantages:

- the course of the anchor of this design depends on the depth of introduction of the seats into the sealing surfaces of the discharge and main valves. Due to the fact that the unloading shutter is installed at the end of the anchor, when the unloading saddle is closed, the imprint depth on the sealing surface of the unloading shutter increases from increased contact force on the saddle due to the influence of the armature mass. An increase in the course of the anchor increases the opening time of the EC;

- deformation - crushing of the cylindrical surface of the pins when opening the valve (due to the high specific pressure on the contact area of the main shutter and the cylindrical surface of the pin), which leads to instability of the EC parameters, namely resistance and response time due to changes in the main shutter stroke;

- the appearance of multiple prints of the saddle on the contact surface of the discharge gate due to the cantilever location of the discharge gate at the end of the armature and, as a result, the appearance of leaks on the discharge gate. The console increases the deviation from the valve axis together with a chain of misalignments of the contacting surfaces: electromagnet frame sleeves, anchors, seats with gaskets, discharge gate seats, main shutter and body, as well as gaps between them;

- poor repairability of the EC due to the need to replace a large number of components and parts due to the impossibility of finalizing the contacting surface of the discharge gate to remove fingerprints and other defects due to the fastening of the discharge gate and pin in the anchor.

The present invention aims to eliminate these disadvantages and, ultimately, to stabilize the parameters of the EC and its maintainability.

For this, in contrast to the known valve design, a through axial step hole with a step in its central part is made in the anchor, while the small diameter hole is a guiding surface for the discharge seat, the discharge valve is located in the larger diameter hole with the possibility of axial movement. The plane of the step — the shoulder interacts with the discharge gate to tear it away from the saddle, and on the outer surface of the armature protruding from the electromagnet, a groove is made for kinematic communication with the main gate, in the annular groove of which a snap ring is installed, and a damping spring is installed between the armature and the main gate .

A damping spring provides braking of the armature when closing the EC. The use of a retaining ring for the kinematic connection of the armature and the main shutter increases the contact area between the surfaces when opening the EC, which leads to stabilization of the parameters when the EC is triggered.

When closing the EC, the anchor has the possibility of axial movement relative to the discharge gate located on the seat and moves further towards the closing side, compressing the damping spring installed between it and the main gate, as a result of which the kinetic energy of the armature does not affect the depth of the seat penetration into the contact surface of the discharge gate . Free installation of the discharge gate in the anchor makes the EC repairable during manufacture without replacing a large number of parts.

The location of the discharge valve with a seat in one guide hole and in the Central part of the anchor eliminates the possibility of creating multiple prints on the contact surface of the discharge valve and leakage.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, which provides a General view of the electromagnetic valve.

The solenoid valve consists of a housing 1 with a main seat 2 and tips 3 and 4, an electromagnet 5 with a frame 6 and a bypass hole 7, and a stop 8, a main shutter 9 with a retaining ring 10 in the groove 11 and an unloading saddle 12 and a sealing ring 13, anchors 14, in which in the central part of the interaction with the cylindrical guide of the coil of the electromagnet there is a through axial two-stage hole with a step — a shoulder 15 having a small diameter hole 16 for guiding the saddle of the unloading 12 and the unloading lock 17, loosely located in a large hole 18 with the possibility of axial movement, the spring 19 and the damper spring 20. The main shutter 9 is equipped with a skirt 21 located in the guide sleeve 22, made on the frame 6 of the electromagnet 5, on the inner surface of the skirt 21 there is a groove 11 in which is installed a locking ring 10, on the outer surface of the anchor a groove 23 is made for interaction with the locking ring 10.

When the working fluid is fed through the tip of the electromagnetic valve, it enters through the bypass hole 7 into the discharge cavity, which is separated from the output cavity by the main valve 9 with the seat 2 and the discharge valve 17 on the seat 12, made on the main valve 9. When applying voltage to the electromagnetic armature 14 attracted to the foot 8 and step 15 tears off the discharge gate 17 from the saddle of the discharge 12 and compresses the spring 19. The pressure of the working fluid in the discharge cavity drops and there is a force from the input pressure on the area, faceted limited by a seat 2 and a sealing ring 13, which tears off the main valve 9 from the seat 2. The valve is open. In the absence of the input pressure of the working fluid, the anchor 14 tears off the main shutter 9 from the saddle 2 using the retaining ring 10.

When removing stress, the unloading lock 17 under the action of the spring 19 sits on the unloading saddle 12 and blocks the outlet of the working fluid from the unloading cavity. The pressure in the discharge cavity becomes equal to the inlet pressure, a drop appears on the main valve 9, in addition, the armature 14 continues to move by inertia until it contacts the retaining ring 10, compressing the damper spring 20, and helps the main valve 9 to sit on the seat 3. The valve is closed . Anchor 14 from the force of the damper spring 20 moves in the opposite direction before the interaction of the shoulder 15 with the discharge gate 17.

The use of the invention improves the stability of the parameters of the electromagnetic valve and its maintainability.

Claims (1)

An electromagnetic valve, comprising a body with a main seat, an electromagnet located in the body of the main and unloading valves, as well as an anchor kinematically connected to the main valve having an annular groove at the other end of which an unloading seat is made, characterized in that the end-to-end axial a stepped hole with a step in its central part, while the small diameter hole is a guiding surface for the discharge seat, the discharge valve is located in the larger hole With an axial displacement meter, the step plane interacts with the discharge gate to tear it off the saddle, and on the outer surface of the armature protruding from the electromagnet, a groove is made for kinematic connection with the main gate, in the annular groove of which a retaining ring is installed, and between the anchor and the main a damping spring is installed by a shutter.

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