RU2593164C2 - "skid", "ridge" tyres - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: main structural element is rubber-cord with V-shaped grooves of outer surface in contact with road. On outer surface of tire thread there is steel skids arranged at an angle to vertical axis of tire.

EFFECT: higher adhesion with icy road due to friction forces arising in the area of steel skids contact with road surface.

1 cl, 6 dwg

Description

1 area of use

The following design of winter tires is proposed for use in automotive technology.

It is possible to use these structural units in other branches of transport operating in winter conditions or on roads similar to winter ones.

2. The level of technology for the use of winter tires

The main difficulty in operating vehicles in winter conditions is wheel slippage on an icy road (reduction of tire “grip” with the road).

To reduce the negative impact of road icing on the operational characteristics of vehicles, basically 2 methods are used:

2.1 the use of reagents to increase the friction force of the wheel with the road,

2.2 equipping vehicles with studded tires, allowing to increase the “gearing” of the wheels with the icy road.

3. Description of the proposed design

The proposed design of winter tires provides for the presence on the outer surface of "runners" located at an angle of 15-60 degrees to the vertical axis of the outer surface of the tire wheels (figure No. 3 and No. 4 pos. No. 2).

The angle of the "runners" (angle figure No. 6) depends on the speed and weight characteristics required for this type of transport.

With a light weight load and the required high speed characteristics for this type of transport, the angle is minimal;

With a high weight load on the tire and not requiring high speeds - the angle is maximum.

When the vehicle is moving, in addition to the frictional force at the contact point of the tire with the road, there is a reactive repulsive force (forces R1 and R2, figure No. 6) acting on the "runners" installed on the tire (breaking into the ice cover of the road) (figure No. 6, pos. 2 )

This will allow you to get a “skating” effect (similar to running on skates), which will not only increase the “grip” of tires with the icy road, but also allow you to perform traffic at a higher speed (compared to conventional all-weather and studded tires).

A schematic diagram of the forces acting on the tire when the vehicle is moving is shown in the graphic part (figure No. 6, projections of the forces R1 and R2 in the X and Y axes).

4. The difference between the proposed tires from analog

As an analogue, the winter studded tire Kama Euro-518 (figure No. 1 and No. 2) was taken.

Technical data of the tire are given in the graphic part (figure No. 1).

Unlike the analogue, in which the "spikes" are mainly used to increase the "grip" (reduce wheel slippage on the road), the "runners" proposed in the design of the tire not only increase the "grip" of the tire with the roadbed, but also allow the use of skid slip on an icy road (ridge effect).

The principle of operation "runner" is similar to that for a sports skate:

4.1 crawling under the influence of gravity attributable to the element of the wheel, crashes into ice, thereby increasing the "grip" of the tire with a sheet of icy road,

4.2 when the wheel rotates, a "snake" crashed into ice moves linearly along the road (that is, slides),

4.3 the presence of a number of "runners" on the surface of the tire, arranged in the form of a "herringbone", makes the process of "ridge" sliding continuous,

4.4, when the wheel brakes on a “run-in” crashed into ice, a constant “reactive” force is created, directed against the traction force acting on the wheel, which, together with the friction force of the tire rubber in contact with the roadbed, allows the vehicle to brake.

Thus, transport stops faster.

In the case of an analogue, when braking, the tire has a constant friction force of the rubber in contact with the road section of the road and periodically arising reactive force (directed against the traction force acting on the wheel) from the studs that come into contact with the road surface.

The number of "runners" mounted on the tire depends on the speed and weight characteristics of this type of transport. The minimum number of "runners" is determined based on the following parameters:

1. Contact with the road surface is carried out by one "snake".

2. The weight load on the tire must be such that the "runner" allows you to slide on the road without unnecessarily deepening the "runner" in the roadbed (lack of the effect of "tying" the skate on loose ice).

3. The maximum number of installed "runners" and the width of the "runner" must ensure that the following conditions are met:

3.1 the distance between the "runners" and the depth of their embedment into the tires (based on the strength and plastic properties of the rubber) should ensure that they work without "flying out" of the "runner" from the tire, including when driving over rough roads,

3.2 the total width of the "runners" in contact with the road at the moment does not allow them to fall into the roadway to the effect of "tying" the ridge on loose ice.

5. Range of application of the proposed tires

It is proposed to use winter "ridge" tires for any type of transport operating in the conditions of an icy roadbed

Brief Description of the Drawings

The graphic part is presented on 7 sheets:

1. Figure No. 1 and No. 2 - technical parameters of the analogue (studded winter tire Kama EURO-518), taken from the Internet.

2. Figure No. 3 - a general view of the “skid” (“ridge”) tire is presented in the form of a schematic axonometric figure.

3. Figure No. 4 is a top view of the ridge tire.

4. Figure No. 5 is a schematic diagram of the installation of steel "runners" in the rubber cord of the tire.

5. Figure No. 6 — a diagram of the action of forces on a “runner” installed in a tire. A schematic diagram of the main forces acting on a “runner” during transport is shown using the principles of kinetostatics.

Explanation of the symbols used in the drawings:

α - installation angle "runner" relative to the axis of symmetry of the tire (along its width);

R1 - reactive force acting on the "snake" No. 1;

R2 - reactive force acting on the "snake" No. 2;

FT - engine traction force;

Rx Ry - projection of reactive forces on the X and Y axis;

Fx; Fy - projection of the total force acting on the wheel when the vehicle is moving, on the X and Y axes;

1 - rubber cord tires;

2 - steel "snake";

3 - V-shaped grooves of the tread;

4 - steel spike.

Fx = R1x + R2x + FT

Fy = R1y + R2y

Claims (1)

Winter tire for transport, the main structural element of which is a rubber cord with V-grooves of the outer surface in contact with the road, characterized in that it contains steel runners located at an angle to the vertical axis of the tire on the outer surface of the tread in contact with the road, allowing in the mechanics of the rectilinear motion of a vehicle, the reactive forces arising from the insertion of runners into an icy road surface.

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