RU2591946C2 - Method of producing gel-like water-containing explosive composition - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: blasting.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to water-containing industrial explosives based on gel-like matrix sensitised with pyroxiline powder or a powerful explosive substance. Method of making explosive composition involves preparation of aqueous solution of oxidants, introduction of polyacrylamide with formation of pregelatinised solution of oxidants, introduction of structuring additive, introduction of powder or a powerful explosive filling of shell, structuring charge. Prior to introduction of powder or a powerful explosive, aluminium powder, whose particles have a hydrophobic coating, is added gel solution of oxidants. Production is performed in a mixer of gravity type. Mixing of pregelatinised solution of oxidants with aluminium powder is carried out until a homogeneous mass is obtained and dust formation stops. Structuring additive used is potassium dichromate and sodium thiosulphate or iron (ii) salt with sodium thiosulphate. One of components of additive is introduced in an aqueous solution of oxidants or pregelatinised solution of oxidants, and second component is added in pregelatinised solution of oxidants after complete distribution of first component in solution.

EFFECT: method provides safe technology of manufacturing of gel-like compositions with improved detonation characteristics.

4 cl

Description

The invention relates to the field of aqueous industrial explosive compositions based on a gel-like matrix sensitized with pyroxylin gunpowder or a powerful explosive (BB).

A known method of manufacturing a powder composition with increased detonation abilities, in which to increase the detonation ability, hexogen-containing explosive compositions are additionally introduced. A method of manufacturing such a composition includes the preparation of a gel-like solution of oxidizing agents, the introduction of structuring agents into it, and the introduction of both gunpowder and hexogen-containing explosives (Pat. RF No. 2243200 dated 12/27/2004).

The specified manufacturing method allows the manufacture of gel-like powder compositions of good quality, the technology for their manufacture is simple and reliable. The disadvantage of this method is its use only for the manufacture of powder compositions in which powerful, extremely hazardous hexogen-containing components are introduced to increase the detonation ability.

Also known is a method of manufacturing charges of a gel-like water-containing composition, including the manufacture of an aqueous solution of oxidizing agents, the introduction of polyacrylamide with the formation of a gelled solution of oxidizing agents, the introduction of a structuring additive, consisting of two components, the interaction of which forms a structuring agent - a 3-valent chromium or iron ion, while one of the components is introduced into the gelled solution of oxidizing agents, and the second component is introduced into the gelled solution of oxidizing agents after Nogo distribution of the first component in the solution gelled before or after the administration of the sensitizer, the introduction of a sensitizer, filling the shell, the charge structuring. As a sensitizer in this method, aluminum powder can be used, the particles of which have a hydrophobic coating, for example, aluminum powder of the PAP grade, or pyroxylin powder, or powerful explosives (US Pat. No. 2253642 of December 5, 2003). Moreover, compositions containing aluminum powder, the particles of which have a hydrophobic coating, have a slightly greater shock-wave sensitivity and detonation ability than compositions containing gunpowder or powerful explosives.

The specified manufacturing method allows to obtain gel-like explosive compositions with increased strength and uniformity of mass composition while maintaining high physico-chemical and detonation characteristics. The disadvantage of this method is the impossibility of producing high-quality explosive composition based on pyroxylin powder or powerful explosives, in which aluminum powder is introduced into the gel-like solution, the particles of which have a hydrophobic coating.

The purpose of the present invention is the provision of safe technology for the manufacture of gel-like compositions with enhanced detonation characteristics by introducing aluminum powder into the composition containing gunpowder or powerful explosives, the particles of which have a hydrophobic coating.

The goal is solved by the fact that in the method of manufacturing charges of a gel-like water-containing explosive composition, including the preparation of an aqueous solution of oxidizing agents, the introduction of polyacrylamide, the introduction of a structuring additive, before the introduction of gunpowder or a powerful explosive, the gel-like solution of oxidizing agents is sensitized by introducing aluminum powder, the particles of which have a hydrophobic coating. Hexogen-containing or octogen-containing explosives are used as a powerful explosive. The manufacture of the composition is carried out in a gravitational type mixer.

Screw mixing is less efficient.

Mixing a gel-like solution of oxidizing agents with aluminum powder is carried out until a homogeneous mass is obtained and the dusting of aluminum powder is stopped. A structuring additive is introduced, consisting of two components - potassium dichromate and sodium sulfate, or a salt of ferrous iron and sodium sulfate, as a result of the interaction of which a structuring agent is formed - a trivalent chromium or iron ion. In this case, one of the components is introduced into an aqueous solution of oxidizing agents or into a gelled solution of oxidizing agents, and the second component is introduced into a gelled solution of oxidizing agents after the complete distribution of the first component in the gelled solution before or together with the introduction of a sensitizer.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that to achieve the stated goal - to develop a method for the manufacture of gel-like compositions with enhanced detonation characteristics, it is necessary to use a gel-like solution of oxidizing agents sensitized with aluminum powder instead of a relatively inert gel-like solution, the particles of which have a hydrophobic coating. The introduction of such aluminum powder under certain conditions of mixing will create a gel-like mass with high detonation ability (Annikov V.E., Akinin N.I., Mikheev D.I., Rotenberg E.V. Environmental safety assessment for the disposal of artillery ammunition. Explosive business. Issue No. 111/68 .. M: CJSC “MVK on explosive business”, 2014, p. 275-282) and shock-wave sensitivity.

To obtain this result, mixing the gel-like solution with aluminum powder should be carried out in a gravitational type mixer, only under such conditions a mass is formed containing microbubbles of gas together with aluminum particles, which provide a composition with high detonation characteristics. The mixing time plays an essential role in this, it should not be too long to prevent the destruction of the formed microbubbles. Optimum mixing time is achieved at the end of dusting of aluminum powder. Pyroxylin powder or powerful explosives are introduced into the gel-like mass thus obtained.

After filling the shell and completing the structuring, the increased detonation characteristics remain for at least a year after manufacture. It should be especially noted that the introduction of aluminum powder into the composition, increasing the detonation characteristics, does not increase the danger when using the composition in blasting operations.

During the verification of the proposed method, the following samples were made:

Sample 1, which is a mixture of a gel-like solution of oxidizing agents, aluminum powder, the particles of which have a hydrophobic coating, structuring additives and gunpowder, which is used pyroxylin powder.

Sample 2, which is a mixture of a gel-like solution of oxidizing agents, aluminum powder, the particles of which have a hydrophobic coating, a structuring additive and a powerful explosive, which is used as a hexogen-containing explosive composition A-IX-2.

Sample 3, which is a mixture of a gel-like solution of oxidizing agents, aluminum powder, the particles of which have a hydrophobic coating, a structuring additive and a powerful explosive, which is based on octogen.

The resulting samples showed increased detonation characteristics compared to the prototype.

The proposed method is tested in laboratory conditions and will be operational in industrial plants.

Claims (4)

1. A method of manufacturing a gel-like water-containing explosive composition with enhanced detonation properties, including the preparation of an aqueous solution of oxidizing agents, the introduction of polyacrylamide with the formation of a gelled solution of oxidizing agents, the introduction of a structuring additive, the introduction of gunpowder or a powerful explosive (BB), filling the shell, structuring the charge, characterized in that before the introduction of gunpowder or a powerful explosive, a gel-like solution of oxidizing agents is sensitized by the introduction of aluminum udry whose particles have a hydrophobic coating. 2. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that the manufacture is carried out in a gravitational type mixer. 3. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that the mixing of the gelled solution of the oxidizing agents with aluminum powder is carried out until a homogeneous mass is obtained and its dusting ceases. 4. The manufacturing method according to claim 1, characterized in that a structuring additive is introduced, which consists of two components - potassium dichromate and sodium sulfate or a ferrous salt with sodium sulfate, as a result of the interaction of which a structuring agent is formed - a trivalent chromium or iron ion, this, one of the components is introduced into an aqueous solution of oxidizing agents or into a gelled solution of oxidizing agents, and the second component is introduced into a gelled solution of oxidizing agents after complete distribution of the first component in a gelled solution.