RU2591629C1 - Method of constructing maxillary dental arch shape - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to dentistry, and can be used to construct dental arch shape of upper jaw. Following parameters are measured in millimetres of craniofacial complex: nasal width between extending points on wings of nose (AnAn), face width between bilge points (ZyZy), distance between points on antilobiums of ears (TT) and distance from point on ear antilobium to under nose point (TSn). Calculated parameters for constructing of dental arch. Section AE is determined by formula. Sections AT and KL are equal to section ZyZy multiplied by coefficient K₂. Sections EK and EL are equal to half section KL. Section AB is calculated by formula. Section CD is equal to section AnAn multiplied by coefficient K₄. Section AO is equal to difference between sections CD and AB and is equal to radius of circle. Constructing of dental arch is started with construction of section AE, which is built vertically. From point A downward section AT is laid. Through obtained points E and T perpendicular to section AE two straight lines are plotted, line "E" and line "T". On line "E" on both sides from point E two sections are plotted, equal to half of section AT width, and piece KL is obtained. On section AE section AB is laid. On both sides from point B perpendicular to line A two sections are laid, equal to half of CD. On section AE from point A section AO is laid. From point O with radius equal to section AO circle is plotted connecting points C, A, D. Point C is connected with point K by straight line. Point D is connected with point L. From the middle of CK and DL lines perpendiculars to intersection with line "T" are plotted and points M and N are obtained. From point N with radius NC and from point M with radius MD, arcs CK and DL are drawn. Obtained arc KCADL is shape of upper jaw dental arch.

EFFECT: method provides higher accuracy of constructing maxillary dental arch shape with completely absent teeth by taking into account most significant parameters of craniofacial complex.

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Description

A method of constructing the shape of the dental arch of the upper jaw.

The invention relates to medicine, namely to dentistry, and can be used for orthopedic treatment with removable dentures for patients with a complete absence of permanent teeth in the upper jaw.

A known method of constructing an individual, normal form of the dental arch of the upper jaw during the period of milk bite, based on the dependence on the linear dimensions of the jaws. In it, to obtain an individual, normal form of the dental arch of the upper jaw of the patient, the length of the lateral segment of the upper jaw, measured from the distal surface of the milk canine to the distal surface of the second milk molar, is taken as the basis. First, a rectangle ABCD is constructed, consisting of two adjacent squares (AVKK ″ and KK ″ CD), the sides of which correspond to the length of the side segment. With a radius equal to the diagonal of the rectangle (AC and / or BD), auxiliary arcs CT and CT are drawn from points A and D, on which the lengths of the side segments are laid off from points B and C. The obtained points R and R ″ correspond to the location of the retro-molar points, and points B and C to the points located on the fangs. On the extension of the line KK ″ (corresponding to the middle of the upper jaw or the middle palatine suture) from the points R and R ″, the frontal-retromolar size RF, equal to the length (BC) of the rectangle ABCD, is laid. The resulting point F corresponds to the position of the point between the central incisors. For the anterior teeth, an arc is drawn, the radius of which is equal to half the distance between the retro-molar points, and the point O is the center of the circle. The front teeth are located along the EFE ″ arc. On the auxiliary arc, CT ″ and BT mark points L ″ and L from point F with a value equal to the diagonal of the rectangle (FL AC). From the obtained points L and L ″ radius LE ″ and L ″ E, the arc parts for milk molars are outlined. The resulting arch MEFE ″ M ″ is an individual normal arch of the upper jaw during the period of milk bite (see the description of the invention to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2093103, IPC A61C 7/00, publication 20.10.1997). The disadvantage of this method is that in the complete absence of teeth, the possibility of constructing the shape of the dental arch in this way is excluded.

There is a method of constructing the shape of the dental arch of the upper jaw during the bite of the permanent teeth of Howley-Gerber-Gerbst, which includes determining the sum of the mesio-distal sizes of the three upper teeth (central, lateral incisors and canine) equal to the radius AB, from which circle is described from point B. Then, on a circle with a radius of AB, the segments AC and AD are laid off from point A. The CAD arc is a curve of six front teeth. To determine the location of the posterior teeth, another circle is described. To do this, from point E of radius BE draw straight lines through points C and D until they intersect with the tangent to point A, resulting in an equilateral triangle EPG. With a radius equal to the side of this triangle, from point A on the extension of the diameter AE mark point O, from which a circle of radius EF is described. On an additional circle from point M with diameter AM, point J and H are laid off with the radius AO. Connecting point H with point C and point J with point D, we obtain the HCADJ curve, which is the curve of the entire upper dental arch according to Howley. On the segments of NA and DJ, the lateral teeth should be located. Herbst replaced side straight lines with CN and DP arches. The centers of these arcs are points L and K lying on a diameter KL perpendicular to the diameter AM. The arc CN is described by the radius LC, and the arc DP by the radius KD. Thus, the Hauley-Gerber-Herbst NCADP curve is a curve of a correctly formed upper dentition (see Persia L.S. "Orthodontics". Textbook for high schools - M .: Publishing house "Orthodont-info", 1996, pp. 135-136 )

The disadvantage of this known method is that in the complete absence of teeth, the possibility of constructing a shape of the dental arch in this way is excluded. The closest analogue was not found.

The task of the invention is to increase the accuracy of constructing the shape of the dental arch of the upper jaw of a patient with a complete absence of teeth.

, отрезки AT и KL равны отрезку ZyZy, умноженному на коэффициент К₂, отрезки ЕК и EL равны половине отрезка KL, отрезок АВ вычисляют по формуле

, отрезок CD равен отрезку AnAn, умноженному на коэффициент К₄, отрезок АО равен разнице между отрезками CD и АВ и равен радиусу окружности, проведенной через точки С, A, D, причем численные поправочные коэффициенты равны: К₁ - 0,42, К₂ - 0,42, К₃ - 0,16, К₄ - 1,1, а построение зубной дуги начинают с отрезка АЕ, который строят вертикально, далее от точки А вниз откладывают отрезок AT и через полученные точки Е и Т перпендикулярно к отрезку АЕ проводят две прямые линии - линию "Е" и линию "Т", на линии "Е" по обе стороны от точки Е откладывают два отрезка, равные половине ширины отрезка AT, и получают отрезок KL, на отрезке АЕ откладывают от точки А вниз отрезок АВ, по обе стороны от точки В перпендикулярно линии "А" откладывают два отрезка, равные половине CD, на отрезке АЕ из точки А откладывают вниз отрезок АО, из точки О радиусом, равным отрезку АО, проводят окружность, соединяющую точки С, A, D, прямой линией соединяют точку С с точкой К, а точку D с точкой L, от середины отрезков СК и DL проводят перпендикуляры до пересечения с линией "Т" и получают точки М и N, далее из точки N радиусом NC и из точки М радиусом MD очерчивают дуги СК и DL, полученная дуга KCADL является формой зубной дуги верхней челюсти.The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the following craniofacial complex parameters are measured in millimeters: the width of the nose between the protruding points on the wings of the nose (AnAn), the width of the face between the zygomatic points (ZyZy), the distance between the points on the tragus of the ears (TT) and the distance from the point to the tragus of the ear to the tray point (TSn), after which the parameters for constructing the dental arch are calculated, namely, the segment AE is determined by the formula

, the segments AT and KL are equal to the segment ZyZy multiplied by the coefficient K ₂ , the segments EC and EL are equal to half the segment KL, the segment AB is calculated by the formula

, the segment CD is equal to the segment AnAn multiplied by the coefficient K ₄ , the segment AO is equal to the difference between the segments CD and AB and equal to the radius of the circle drawn through points C, A, D, and the numerical correction factors are equal to: K ₁ - 0.42, K ₂ - 0.42, K ₃ - 0.16, K ₄ - 1.1, and the construction of the dental arch begins with the segment AE, which is built vertically, then from segment A lay the segment AT down and through the received points E and T perpendicular to segment AE draw two straight lines - the line "E" and the line "T", on the line "E" on both sides of point E lay two segments equal to half e of the width of the segment AT, and get the segment KL, on the segment AE lay off the segment AB from the point A down, on both sides of the point B, two segments equal to half CD are laid perpendicular to the line “A”, and the segment A is laid down on the segment AE from point A , from point O with a radius equal to the segment AO, draw a circle connecting points C, A, D, connect point C with point K with a straight line, and point D with point L, draw perpendiculars from the middle of SK and DL segments to the intersection with the line " T "and get points M and N, then from point N with radius NC and from point M with radius MD dissolved SC DL and arc arc KCADL is obtained form the dental arch of the upper jaw.

In FIG. 1 shows a drawing of the shape of the dental arch of the upper jaw of a patient with a complete absence of permanent teeth.

The width and depth of the dental arch of the upper jaw has an anthropometric dependence on the main parameters of the craniofacial complex:

- the width of the nose between the protruding points on the wings of the nose, equal to the segment AnAn;

- the width of the face between the cheekbones, equal to the segment ZyZy;

- the distance between the points on the tragus of the ears, equal to the length of the TT;

- the distance from the point on the tragus of the ear to the tray point equal to the segment TSn.

The following parameters are calculated to build the shape of the dental arch:

- the segment AE is determined by the formula

- segments AT and KL are equal to the segment ZyZy multiplied by the coefficient K ₂ ;

- the segments EC and EL are equal to half the segment KL;

- the segment CD is equal to the segment AnAn multiplied by the coefficient K ₄ ;

- segment AB is calculated by the formula

- the segment AO is equal to the difference between the segments CD and AB and is equal to the radius of the circle.

Calculation Example:

- the width of the nose between the protruding points on the wings of the nose is equal to the segment AnAn - 35 mm,

- the width of the face between the cheekbones is equal to the segment ZyZy - 144 mm,

- the distance between the points on the tragus of the ears is equal to the length of the TT - 151 mm,

- the distance from the point on the tragus of the ear to the tray point is equal to the segment TSn - 128.5 mm.

The following parameters are calculated to build the shape of the dental arch

- the segment AE is determined by the formula

- the segments AT and KL are equal to the segment ZyZy multiplied by the coefficient K ₂ . 144 × 0.42 = 60.48;

- the segments EC and EL are equal to half the segment KL 60 ÷ 2 = 30.24 mm;

- the segment CD is equal to the segment AnAn times the coefficient K ₄ 35 × 1.1 = 38.5 mm,

- segment AB is calculated by the formula

- the segment AO is equal to the difference between the segments CD and AB and is equal to the radius of the circle. 38.5-12.6 = 25.9 mm. R = 25.9 mm.

The construction of the dental arch begins with the segment AE, which is built vertically, then the segment AT is laid down from point A downward and two straight lines are drawn perpendicularly to the segment AE through the received points E and T - line "E" and line "T", on line "E "on both sides of point E lay two segments equal to half the width of segment AT, and get a segment KL, on segment AE lay segment A down from point A down, on both sides of point B, two segments equal to half are laid perpendicular to line" A " CD, on segment AE from point A, lay down segment AO, from t charts About a radius equal to the segment AO, draw a circle connecting the points C, A, D, connect the point C with the point K with a straight line, and the point D with the point L, draw perpendiculars from the middle of the segments SK and DL to the intersection with the line "T" and get points M and N, then from point N of radius NC and from point M of radius MD draw arcs SK and DL, the resulting arch KCADL is the shape of the dental arch of the upper jaw.

The technical result of the claimed invention is to increase the accuracy of constructing the shape of the dental arch of the upper jaw with a complete absence of teeth.

Claims (1)

The method of constructing the shape of the dental arch of the upper jaw, characterized in that the following craniofacial complex parameters are measured in millimeters: the width of the nose between the protruding points on the wings of the nose (AnAn), the width of the face between the zygomatic points (ZyZy), the distance between the points on the ear tragus (TT) and the distance from the point on the ear tragus to the tray (TSn), after which the parameters for calculating the dental arch are calculated, namely, the segment AE is determined by the formula

, the segments AT and KL are equal to the segment ZyZy multiplied by the coefficient K ₂ , the segments EC and EL are equal to half the segment KL, the segment AB is calculated by the formula

, the segment CD is equal to the segment AnAn multiplied by the coefficient K ₄ , the segment AO is equal to the difference between the segments CD and AB and equal to the radius of the circle drawn through points C, A, D, and the numerical correction factors are equal to: K ₁ - 0.42, K ₂ - 0.42, K ₃ - 0.16, K ₄ - 1.1, and the construction of the dental arch begins with the segment AE, which is built vertically, then from segment A lay the segment AT down and through the received points E and T perpendicular to segment AE draw two straight lines - the line "E" and the line "T", on the line "E" on both sides of point E lay two segments equal to half e of the width of the segment AT, and get the segment KL, on the segment AE lay off the segment AB from the point A down, on both sides of the point B, two segments equal to half CD are laid perpendicular to the line “A”, and the segment A is laid down on the segment AE from point A , from point O with a radius equal to the segment AO, draw a circle connecting points C, A, D, connect point C with point K with a straight line, and point D with point L, draw perpendiculars from the middle of SK and DL segments to the intersection with the line " T "and get points M and N, then from point N with radius NC and from point M with radius MD dissolved SC DL and arc arc KCADL is obtained form the dental arch of the upper jaw.

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