RU2587262C1 - Drain manifold head - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture; reclamation.

SUBSTANCE: invention can be used in draining of waterlogged soils. Drain manifold head consists of a wellhead pipe 2 with U-shaped output and upstream of branch pipe 4. On water discharge branch pipe 4 vertical telescopic pipe 5 with retainer 6 is fixed, arranged to displace relative to pipe 2 water discharge nozzle 4. To telescopic pipe 5 thrust 7 is rigidly fixed connected by horizontal axis 8 with double-arm lever 9. Top arm of lever 9 with float sensor 10 is arranged parallel with telescopic pipe end face 5 and below limit level of channel and telescopic pipe end 5, below level of which lower outlet spillway branch pipe 4 is located. By means of levers 9 hinged to thrust 7, to upper arm of lever 9 hinged valve 14, coaxially coupled with valve 16 upstream bottom branch pipe 4 by means of adjustable tie rod 15. Two valve shutoff member with valves 14 and 16 is made in form of cones, located respectively inside telescopic pipe 5 and upstream of branch pipe 4 to displace in opposition to each other to close outlet holes in channel 1.

EFFECT: higher reliability, simplified design and easier servicing.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used for drainage of waterlogged soils.

Known drainage system, including a conductive channel and a closed collector-drainage network made with a direct slope, the working branch in the wellhead of the collector is made in the form of a knee-shaped pipe facing the end section into the water intake (Copyright certificate SU No. 1528856, E02B 11/00 of 15.12. 1989).

A disadvantage of the known device is that it does not allow for the regulation of the water level in the collector in automatic mode, depending on the water level in the channel and reduces the speed of the collector. In addition, it works like a siphon, the end section of the working branch should be located below the washing branch, determined by the formula of hydraulics, which is difficult to determine by calculation when the water level in the channel changes. Therefore, the discharge of water from the system, regardless of the hydrological regime of the drained territory, leads to an increased supply of mineralized drainage water to water sources and to re-drain the root layer of the soil.

The mouth of the drainage collector is known, including a blind section of the pipe, the latter is made of a knee-shaped shape, the inlet of which is directed along the movement of water in the channel (Copyright certificate SU No. 1108165, E02B 11/00 of 08/15/1984).

The disadvantage of this device is the limited passage of water into the lower downstream channel of the mouth of the collector. In addition, it cannot carry out an automatic mode of operation, depending on the level in the channel, with high accuracy and increased speed. At the same time, the outflow of water depends on the speed of the water flow in the channel when washing the end of the pipe, and it is necessary to provide high levels in the channel, and this is not always possible, since the water flow in the channel often changes depending on the seasonality of its operation, respectively, the water levels in channel can be reduced to a minimum, respectively, the flow velocity is sharply reduced.

The mouth of the drainage collector is known, including a wellhead pipe with a knee-shaped outlet, the mouth is equipped with a Z-shaped nozzle having a float tank at its output, connected to the knee-shaped outlet by means of an intermediate nozzle, while an inclined slot is made on the knee-shaped outlet of the wellhead with freely installed in it with a roller rigidly fixed at the end of the intermediate pipe included in the knee-shaped outlet, and at the other end of the intermediate pipe a V-shaped prop bond with a freely installed therein the guide roller fixedly secured to the adjacent end of the drain pipe (Author's Certificate SU №1548333, E02B 11/00 from 07.03.1990).

The well-known design of the mouth of the drainage collector allows you to provide ameliorative effect on the irrigated area with drains, but for all positive factors it has a number of disadvantages, which include the complexity of the device with moving parts and low drainage efficiency, structurally limited by the depth of the spillway in the channel. In addition, the known design often leads to jamming in the slot of the nozzle, which must be moved into the guide roller, and suspended sediment particles are always present in the water, the slot itself is oxidized and inhibits the free guide roller. This, in turn, affects the movement of the spillway in height and thereby ensures the flow of air at a minimum level in the channel. In addition, the collector cannot completely discharge water through the drain pipe in the mode of lowering the level in the channel with the float tank lowering due to the dull portion of the end of the pipe mouth of the collector; as a result, a stagnant water zone is formed, which leads to freezing and long thawing time in winter in the early spring.

The technical result from the use of the claimed invention is to increase reliability, simplify the design and reduce the complexity of maintenance.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the mouth of the drainage manifold, including the wellhead pipe with a knee-shaped outlet, a spillway, a float, a guide device mounted on the spillway, the spillway contains a vertically placed telescopic nozzle installed with the possibility of fixed movement relative to the spillway, the upper end of which blocked by a valve, a fixed two-shouldered lever to the body of the telescopic pipe and on which it is pivotally closed the rod of the two shoulders lever of the float sensor mounted parallel to the end of the telescopic pipe and lower than the limit level of the channel and the end of the telescopic pipe, below which the lower outlet of the spillway is blocked by the second valve, is replicated.

In addition, the two-valve shut-off element is made in the form of cones contacted with each other, mounted coaxially with blunt ends, with one cone placed in the upper part of the telescopic nozzle, and the second cone in the lower part of the spillway and connected by a rod.

Signs that distinguish the claimed device from the prototype are not identified in other technical solutions in the study of this related technical field and, therefore, provide the claimed solution with the criterion of "significant differences".

Thus, in comparison with the prototype, the device allows you to regulate the water discharge of the mouth of the drainage collector in automatic mode with increased speed and reliability, having a simple system of nodes and reduced sensitivity to sediment due to the fact that the water leaves the elbow at a channel level from the maximum to a minimum level in it when opening the upper valve in the telescopic nozzle and, accordingly, opening the hole at the bottom of the spillway for different levels in anale. Therefore, the proposed device is reliable in the event of drops above the minimum specified water level in the channel. In addition, the device has a simple valve system of nodes and reduces the amount of control effort during the construction.

The drawing shows the proposed mouth of the drainage collector.

The mouth of the drainage manifold consists of a channel 1, a blind pipe 2 with an outlet 3, a spillway 4, a vertically mounted telescopic pipe 5 with a latch 6. The telescopic pipe 5 is mounted with the possibility of movement relative to the spillway 4 of the blind pipe 2 of the mouth of the collector. A fixed stop 7 is fixed to the telescopic pipe 5, connected by a horizontal axis 8 with a two-arm lever 9, one shoulder of the lever 9 contains a float sensor 10, rigidly connected to the rod 11, connected by a hinge 12 with one shoulder of the bent lever 9. On the upper shoulder of the lever 9 is fixed through the hinge 13 is a valve 14, which is connected coaxially with a valve 15 to the valve 16 at the bottom (bottom) of the spill pipe 4. The upper arm of the lever 9 with the float sensor 10 is parallel to the end of the telescopic pipe 5 below the limit level of the channel la 1 and the end of the telescopic pipe 5, below which the lower part of the spillway 4 is placed.

The two-valve shut-off element with valves 14 and 16 is made in the form of cones located respectively in the upper part of the telescopic pipe 5 and in the lower part of the spill pipe 4. The cones of the valves 14 and 16 are connected by blunt ends with a rod 15 with the possibility of relative movement in antiphase inside the telescopic pipe 5 and a spillway 4. The rod 15 can be detachable and interconnected by a screw-nut 17 with the possibility of adjusting the valves 14 and 16 relative to moving them to the outlet holes vert telescopic pipe 5 and spillway 4 in its lower part. The emphasis 7 eliminates the possibility of distortions of the locking elements in the form of valves 14 and 16 during their vertical movement. The mouth is installed in channel 1.

The mouth of the drainage collector works as follows.

Set the movable telescopic pipe 5 with the retainer 6 to a position determined by the maximum minimum level in the channel 1 of the end of the inlet pipe 5. This process is carried out by moving the pipe 5 along the guide spill pipe 4 with the pipe 2. In this case, the rod 15 with valves 14 and 16 are respectively adjusted with the help of a screw-nut 17, the length of the rod 15 and, respectively, set, for example, the upper valve 14 to open and the lower valve 16 to close (the valves work in antiphase to each other). Thus, after adjustment, when the level of (maximum) water in channel 1 is exceeded, the float 10 rises and puts the lever 9 with valve 14 to the "Open" position, and valve 16 to the "Closed" position using the rod 15, due to the rise of groundwater, filled channel 1.

When the water in the channel 1 decreases, the float 10 lowers, and the valve 14 closes the outlet in the telescopic nozzle 5, and the valve 16 through the rod 15 opens the lower outlet of the nozzle 4 (at the bottom of it) to completely empty the pipe 2 of the collector's mouth to the position of adjustable drainage for complete drainage drainage into channel 1.

Thus, the spout of water from the vertical telescopic pipe 5 stops, and air does not enter the pipe 2 of the mouth of the collector. In this case, both valves 14 and 16 in the form of cones begin to work together in antiphase to each other, providing automatic switching of the operation of the device as a whole. The movement of water in this case has a pressure character, which improves the water intake and water throughput of the drainage, since there is no pinching of the air, which provides backpressure to the water entering the system.

For the winter period, it will be enough to lift the vertical telescopic pipe 5 up and fasten it with a retainer 6 to the pipe body 4 with the possibility of lifting it up with a rod 15 with valve 16. In this position, the lower outlet at the bottom of the pipe 4 will be constantly open and will be in water, which protects the lower part of the pipe 4 from freezing water in it, in the early spring provides water discharge into the canal with its simultaneous flow into drains and thereby accelerates the removal of excess moisture and the release of the upper soil layer from gr moisture at a critical moment for the conditions of the non-chernozem zone several days earlier, and this in turn helps to create the necessary conditions for spring field work at an earlier date, which is a prerequisite for obtaining high and sustainable crop yields.

Thus, in comparison with the prototype, the device also allows automatic regulation of the mouth of the drainage collector in two modes: discharge of water through the top of the vertical telescopic nozzle and discharge of water through the lower outlet of the drainage nozzle, and is also associated with the channel at a given filling level.

The device allows to simplify the design by eliminating complex nodes, reliably in operation at drops above the minimum to the maximum level in the channel and ensures the implementation of technological schemes of the drainage system, having a simple valve system of nodes during the construction.

Claims (1)

The mouth of the drainage collector, including a wellhead pipe with a knee-shaped outlet, a spillway, a float, a guide device mounted on a spillway, characterized in that the spillway contains a telescopic nozzle mounted with the possibility of a fixed movement relative to the spillway, the upper end of which is blocked by a valve, which is fixed two shoulders lever to the body of the telescopic pipe, on which the rod mounted on the other shoulder of the two the lever of the float sensor located parallel to the end of the telescopic nozzle and below the limit level of the channel and the end of the telescopic nozzle, below the level of which the lower outlet of the spillway is blocked by the second valve, the valves being made in the form of cones contacting each other, mounted coaxially with each other blunt ends, with one cone located at the top of the telescopic pipe, and the second cone at the bottom of the spillway and connected ezhdu a thrust.

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