RU2389848C1 - Mouth of drain header - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: mouth of drain header includes open channel and mouth pipe connected to header with device for water discharge in the form of additional pipe with water-impermeable walls. Additional pipe is installed in single vertical plane with mouth pipe. Its one end is connected to mouth pipe in its lower part at the border with pipe of closed header, and the other one is installed at the channel bottom. Diametre of additional pipe is less than diametre of mouth pipe, length of which is at least two metres. End of additional pipe arranged at the channel bottom is equipped with mesh.

EFFECT: simplified design, reduced capital and operational expenses.

2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a comprehensive reclamation of agrolandscapes of the humid zone and can be applied in the design, construction, reconstruction and repair of closed drainage, operation of constructed drainage systems and agricultural use of lands drained by closed drainage.

At a negative air temperature and a small flow rate of water from the drainage system, a winter low water takes place at this time, an icicle forms on its wellhead, which, as a result of the inflow of a small water flow rate, gradually increasing in volume, clogs the cavity of the wellhead with an ice plug (Ignatenok F .V. Closed soil drainage. - M .: Kolos, 1965. - S.36-37). As a result, closed drainage stops the drainage of soil and groundwater. This must not be allowed. It is known that in winter, under favorable conditions, closed drainage with atmospheric water supply on average takes one-eighth of the drainage volume per year, and in some years up to 45.6%. The formation of an ice plug in the wellhead pipe at high flow rates of drainage water, as a rule, is not observed.

The cessation of the drainage of excess water in the winter leads to an increase in the rate of formation of ice interlayers at the boundary between freezing of the soil and the rate of damage (rupture) of the root system of wintering plants, which does not contribute to earlier spring field work and high productivity of cultivated crops.

A known design of the mouth of a closed manifold, including a blind section of the wellhead pipe, coupled to the collector through a well, equipped with a device for water discharge, made in the form of a siphon, the descending branch of which has a float valve and brought into the blind section of the pipe (AS USSR No. 1335638 Cl. EB02B 11/00, 1986).

Known drainage system (A.S. No. 887711, CL. EB02 11/00, 1980; A.S. No. 1366595, Cl. EBB 11/00, 1986), including drains, a collector, an open channel. A filter column with a wellhead pipe and a drainage well placed in the channel slope is made in the bottom and walls of which apertures are made.

Known drainage system (AS USSR No. 1427034, CL. EV 11/00, 1987, prototype), including a channel, a drainage collector, a well with holes, a filter column and a wellhead pipe that is passed through the well and communicated with it through a hole in its upper part, made with lateral weirs.

Known designs of the mouth of the drainage collector protect the wellhead from the formation of an ice plug in it and ensure uninterrupted operation of the drainage system in the winter.

Their common drawback is the complexity of the design and the complexity of the maintenance of the drainage network, which requires significant capital and current costs.

The problem solved by this invention is to simplify the design of the mouth of the drainage collector, while maintaining the smooth operation of the drainage system in the winter.

The technical result obtained from the solution of the problem is to reduce the capital and current costs for the installation and operation of the mouth and lower the cost of agricultural products grown on drained lands.

The problem is solved in that at the mouth of the drainage collector, including the open channel and the wellhead pipe connected to the collector with a water discharge device, the water discharge device is made in the form of an additional pipe with watertight walls installed in the same vertical plane with the wellhead pipe, while one end of the additional pipe is connected to the wellhead pipe in its lower part at the boundary with the pipe of the closed manifold, and the other is placed at the bottom of the channel, the diameter of the additional pipe being smaller than the diameter pa uphole pipe, whose length is not less than two meters. The end of the additional pipe, placed at the bottom of the channel, is equipped with a mesh installed on its end.

The claimed design of the mouth of the drainage collector is quite simple. The length of the wellhead pipe (not less than two meters) is selected from the condition of installing one end of the additional pipe outside the freezing zone of the soil. Its other end is located at the bottom of the channel. Since the wellhead and additional pipes are installed in the same vertical plane, at the bottom of the channel under the additional pipe there is always a pit formed by the outflow of water from the wellhead pipe, filled with water. In addition, the winter low water level simultaneously with the water in the pit protects the other end of the additional pipe from freezing, and therefore, from the formation of an ice plug in it.

Placing both ends of the additional pipe outside the freezing zone ensures uninterrupted operation of the drainage system in winter. Its construction and operation do not require significant capital and operating costs.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, which shows the mouth of the drainage collector, General view.

The mouth of the drainage collector includes an open channel 1 and a wellhead pipe 3 connected to the collector 2 with a length of at least two meters and a water discharge device.

The device for water discharge is made in the form of an additional pipe 4 with waterproof walls installed in the same vertical plane with the wellhead pipe 3. One end of the additional pipe 4 is connected to the wellhead pipe 3 in its lower part at the border with the pipe of the closed manifold 2, the other is located at the bottom 5 of the open channel 1. The diameter of the additional pipe 4 is less than the diameter of the wellhead 3. At the end of the additional pipe 4, located at the bottom 5 of the open channel 1, a grid 6 is installed to prevent 4 small animals from entering the pipe ( nis etc.). Due to the placement of the wellhead 3 and the additional 4 pipes in one vertical plane, the water flowing from the blind wellhead 3 constantly rinses the grid 6 at the end of the additional pipe 4 from the sediment in the open channel 1, forming a pit 7 with water in it at the bottom of the channel .

Well pipe closed collector works as follows.

Large drainage water flowing from a closed collector 2 to a blind wellhead pipe 3 during periods of floods and when high levels of soil and groundwater are discharged are diverted to open channel 1 by both a wellhead pipe 3 and an additional pipe 4. Low-flow water flows, and they as a rule, small in size, coming from the closed collector 2 to the wellhead pipe 3, are discharged only through an additional pipe 4 and are discharged into the channel 1 under the water level in it for the winter low water 8. As a result, at a negative air temperature in the winter low water ice plugs in the wellhead pipe are excluded, which creates the conditions for diverting mainly high water discharge through it both during the winter floods and in the early spring.

The claimed invention is industrially feasible. The proposed design of the mouth of the drainage collector has been used on the drainage system of the Maryino facility in the Tver region since 1997. At a negative air temperature in the winter low-water season, the formation of an ice plug in the wellhead is not observed. During winter floods and in the early spring period, large water flows are discharged through wellhead pipe 3, which allows spring field work to begin 5 ... 8 days earlier compared to agricultural use of lands drained by closed drainage with ice plugs in the wellhead. At the same time, the grain yield increases by 6 ... 17%.

Claims (2)

1. The mouth of the drainage collector, including an open channel and a wellhead pipe connected to the collector with a water discharge device, characterized in that the water discharge device is made in the form of an additional pipe with watertight walls installed in the same vertical plane with the wellhead pipe, while one the end of the additional pipe is connected to the wellhead pipe in its lower part at the border with the pipe of the closed manifold, and the other is placed at the bottom of the channel, the diameter of the additional pipe being less than the diameter of the wellhead Uba, the length of which is not less than two meters. 2. The mouth of the drainage collector according to claim 1, characterized in that the end of the additional pipe, located at the bottom of the channel, is equipped with a mesh installed on its end.

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