RU2585702C2 - Device for cardiac massage in humans and animals with severe heart failure - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medical equipment.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to medical devices. Device comprises a cannula for transtorocal administration, connected to each other through cannula two elastic chamber made of a sealed biocompatible material having identical volume. One of chambers is arranged to allow transtorocal introduction in folded state through cannula and inflation under pressure for action on heart. Other outer chamber is arranged with possibility of visual control of device. In device there is a liquid container; pump connected with cannula and a reservoir for liquid, automatic control unit connected to control pump for pumping from reservoir in chamber of liquid under pressure and fluid discharge chamber into reservoir, and fixing belts connected with possibility of fixation device.

EFFECT: invention solves problem of providing long and controlled effect on heart in case of severe cardiac failure.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to medicine, namely to cardiology, to devices for the treatment of severe forms of heart failure.

It is known that in severe forms of heart failure, especially in acute form, there is a need to maintain blood circulation and save the life of a person (or animal), conducting a heart massage direct or more often - indirect.

The disadvantages of these methods of treatment are the lack of effectiveness in supporting blood circulation, the trauma of the sternum and ribs, often - damage to the lungs; with indirect massage, there is a need for large and prolonged physical efforts of a resuscitator (especially during prolonged transportation) (Negovsky V.A. Revitalization of the body and artificial hypothermia - Medgiz, 1960; Negovsky V.A. Fundamentals of resuscitation - M .: Medicine, 1975; Tsybulak G.N. Reanimatology - Moscow: Medicine, 1976; Negovsky V.A. Indirect cardiac massage and expiratory artificial respiration - Moscow, 1966; Baranovsky V.A. Nurse's Handbook - Medgiz, 2009, Ch. 14).

A device is known (patent No. US 6,193,680 B1, 2001), which includes a cannula, which is inserted through the oral cavity into the esophagus, a sealed chamber of elastic biocompatible material, expandable by liquid, another external chamber connected to the first, a pump connected to a reservoir for a fluid medium whose liquid through the cannula enters the chambers and is discharged, and the control unit. This technical solution - the device has significant disadvantages that hinder its applicability: with this arrangement of the cannula there is an obstacle to the implementation of the necessary artificial ventilation of the lungs.

A new previously unknown technical solution is proposed - a device for massage the heart of a person (or animal) with severe forms of heart failure, characterized in that it allows a long-term cardiac massage in automatic mode by rhythmic pressure on the heart (through a cardiac) with a chamber filled with liquid, which introduced into the sternum through the cannula. The device provides favorable conditions for mechanical ventilation

The device (Fig. 1) consists of:

1 - a cannula for transthoracic insertion into the chest cavity in the folded state of a sealed chamber of elastic biocompatible tissue;

2 - a sealed chamber of elastic biocompatible tissue inserted through a cannula into the chest cavity;

3 - a sealed external chamber of elastic biocompatible tissue connected through a cannula to a chest chamber of an identical size (volume);

4 - reservoir with liquid;

5 - pump connected to the cannula and the reservoir for the fluid introduced into the chamber;

6 - automatic control unit;

7 - block autonomous power supply;

8 - fixing belts.

The device operates as follows: through a cannula inserted into the chest cavity, a sealed chamber of elastic biocompatible tissue is folded under pressure of the fluid, and it is expanded to the size necessary to exert pressure through the pericardium on the heart to realize its massage. This chest chamber through a cannula is connected to another external chamber of biocompatible elastic tissue of identical size (volume). The cannula is connected to a pump, which, according to the algorithm set by the automatic control unit, pumps liquid (for example, physiological saline) from the reservoir into these chambers and returns it to the reservoir. A pressing massage effect on the patient’s heart is rhythmically performed, eliminating the severe course of heart failure, favorable conditions are created for the necessary mechanical ventilation.

To fasten the device to the patient’s body, belts are used to fix the cannula with the cameras, a reservoir with liquid and a pump in the sternum area; an automatic control unit and an autonomous power supply unit on the stomach. At the ends fixing the device, belts are located clamps for fixing on the body around the body in the form of hooks or fasteners of the type “Velcro”.

The automatic control unit is connected to an autonomous power supply unit and a pump.

The automatic control unit controls the operation of the pump, the excess pressure of the fluid created by the pump lies within 5.3 kPa (the initial pressure value is the difference between the arterial pressure of systole and diastole), the pulsation frequency is 60 min ^-1 . The automatic control unit consists of a microcontroller, a display, an optical isolation, a USB input / output port for programming the microcontroller. The unit display contains pump control functions, namely pressure value and pulsation frequency. The doctor, based on the clinical situation, can both increase the value of pressure and pulsation, and lower it. Feedback is made according to the patient's appearance and pulse rate.

The autonomous power supply unit is a set of rechargeable batteries with the ability to work from the network. Power lithium-polymer batteries are used, providing the current strength necessary for the operation of the pump compressor.

The cannula through the sternum is introduced sterile into the sternum.

The external camera allows you to visually monitor the functioning (massage pressure) of the chest cavity of the chest.

The technical result of using this device is the elimination of heart failure and long-term maintenance of blood circulation, as well as favorable conditions for mechanical ventilation.

Claims (1)

A device for heart massage in humans and animals with severe heart failure, including,
cannula for transtorocal administration,
two elastic chambers connected to each other through a cannula made of a sealed biocompatible material having the same volume, one of the chambers being placed with the possibility of transthoracic insertion in the folded state through the cannula and inflation under pressure to affect the heart, and the other external with the ability to visually control the operation of the device,
fluid reservoir;
a pump connected to a cannula and a fluid reservoir,
an automatic control unit connected to control the pump for pumping liquid from the tank into the chambers under pressure and discharging the liquid from the chambers to the tank, and
fixing belts connected with the possibility of fixing the device.

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