RU2645658C2 - Cardiac massage device with simultaneous artificial ventilation, cardiac activity monitoring in persons with severe forms of heart failure - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: device refers to medical equipment, namely to a device for cardiac massage with simultaneous artificial ventilation, cardiac activity monitoring in persons with severe heart failure. The device contains a cannula for transthoracic injection connected to a two-channel distributor. The device includes two elastic chambers connected to each other via the cannula, made of hermetic biocompatible material. The chambers have an identical volume. One of the chambers is placed with a possibility of transthoracic insertion in the folded state through the cannula and inflated under the pressure of the injected air to exert a pressure on the heart, the other, external, with an ability to visually control the device functioning. The device contains a flexible mask connected to the two-channel distributor. The device includes a compressor for air introduction and removal via the air ducts into the chambers and a flexible mask connected to the two-channel distributor. The device contains a two-channel distributor, connected by the air ducts to the cannula and the flexible mask. The device includes an automatic compressor control unit for air pumping into the chambers and the flexible mask via the two-channel distributor. The device includes fixing belts connected to the cannula with chambers, an automatic control unit, an autonomous power supply unit and an electrocardiograph with a possibility of device fixation on the body and connected to the flexible mask to fix the device on the head. The device contains an electrocardiograph with three electrodes for recording cardiac activity in three leads as per Einthoven, connected to the autonomous power supply unit.

EFFECT: elimination of heart failure and prolonged maintenance of blood circulation with simultaneous monitoring of cardiac activity and artificial lungs ventilation.

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Description

The invention relates to medicine, namely to cardiology, to devices for the treatment of severe forms of heart failure.

It is known that in severe forms of heart failure, especially in acute form, there is a need to maintain blood circulation and save a person’s life, heart massage: direct or more often indirect, with simultaneous mechanical ventilation.

The disadvantages of these methods of treatment are the lack of effectiveness in supporting blood circulation, the trauma of the sternum and ribs, often - damage to the lungs; with indirect massage and expiratory artificial respiration, there is a need for large and long physical efforts of a resuscitator, lack of monitoring of cardiac activity (especially during prolonged transportation) (Negovsky V.A. Revitalization of the body and artificial hypothermia - Medgiz, 1960; Negovsky V.A. Resuscitation - M: Medicine, 1975; Tsybulak GN. Resuscitation - Moscow: Medicine, 1976; Negovsky V.A. Indirect cardiac massage and expiratory artificial respiration - Moscow, 1966; Baranovsky V.A. Estra - Medgiz, 2009, Ch. 14).

A device is known (patent No. US 6,193,680 B1, 2001). This technical solution - the device has significant disadvantages that hinder its applicability due to the presence of an obstacle to the implementation of the necessary artificial lung ventilation without monitoring cardiac activity.

The well-known device Bag AMBU Cyclone Pocket BVMT - tactical pump for mechanical ventilation (Dr. Holger Hesse and Henning Ruben, 1956). The disadvantage of this device is the need for ventilation by hand and without monitoring of cardiac activity.

Known inventions Copyright certificates No. 288861 from 09/25/1969, No. 564864 from 05/27/1975, No. 990224 from 07/17/1981, which have a common disadvantage, namely, that the effect of devices on the heart is carried out by ineffective, traumatic indirect heart massage.

The invention is known patent No. 2585702 from 07/15/2014, the disadvantage of this invention is the lack of an automated ventilation unit.

A new previously unknown technical solution is proposed - a device for direct heart massage with simultaneous artificial ventilation of the lungs, monitoring of cardiac activity of a person with severe forms of heart failure, characterized in that it allows for a long time to perform direct heart massage in automatic mode by rhythmic pressure on the heart (through pericardium) with a chamber filled with air, which is introduced into the chest cavity through the cannula, and at the same time monitoring of cardiac activity nosti and artificial ventilation of the lungs through a flexible mask, to conduct visual control of the pressure massage performed on the heart in a given rhythm and monitoring the functioning of the heart.

The device (Fig. 1) consists of spatially placed elements:

1. Flexible mask 9 (fixed with straps 8 to the head).

2. The pneumatic part, fixed to the chest by belts 8, consisting of:

- cannula 1, for transthoracic introduction into the retrosternal space in the folded state of a sealed chamber of elastic biocompatible material;

- a sealed chamber 2 of elastic biocompatible material introduced through a cannula into the chest cavity;

- a sealed chamber external 3 of an elastic biocompatible material connected through a cannula with a chest chamber of an identical size (volume);

- a two-channel distributor 4 connected by air ducts with a cannula and a flexible mask;

- compressor 5 connected by air ducts to a two-channel distributor and through it with a cannula, cameras and a mask;

- ducts 10.

3. The control unit, fixed to the body in the abdomen with belts 8, consisting of:

- automatic control unit 6;

- autonomous power supply unit 7;

- an electrocardiograph 11 with three electrodes for recording cardiac activity in three leads according to Einthoven, which is fixed to the body in the abdomen by belts 8.

The device works as follows: through the cannula, a sealed chamber of elastic biocompatible tissue is folded into the chest cavity, folded under air pressure to the size necessary to effect direct pressure through the pericardium on the heart to realize its massage. This chest chamber through a cannula is connected to another external chamber of biocompatible elastic tissue of identical size (volume).

The cannula is connected through a two-channel distributor and an air duct with a flexible mask and a compressor, which, according to the algorithm set by the automatic control unit, pumps air into these chambers and a flexible mask, performing direct cardiac massage and artificial lung ventilation, 3 Einthoven electrodes are placed on the patient’s limbs for monitoring cardiac activity.

To fix the device to the patient’s body, belts are used to fix the cannula with the cameras in the sternum area; an automatic control unit, an autonomous power supply unit and an electrocardiograph on the stomach, electrodes are placed on both wrists and the left leg. At the ends fixing the device of the belts are located latches in the form of hooks or fasteners of the type “Velcro”. A flexible mask on the head is fixed with straps, clasps in the form of hooks or type of "Velcro". The automatic control unit controls the compressor; the value of the excess air pressure created by the compressor within 5-15 kPa, the frequency of the set pulsation is 60 per minute, the number of breaths is 20 per minute. The automatic control unit consists of a microcontroller, a display, an optical isolation, a USB input / output port for programming the microcontroller. The display of the unit contains functions for controlling the compressor, namely: pressure value, pulsation frequency and number of breaths per minute. The doctor, based on the clinical situation, can both increase the value of pressure, pulsation and the number of breaths, and lower it. Feedback is carried out according to the patient's appearance and pulse and respiration rate, electrocardiogram.

The autonomous power supply unit is a set of rechargeable batteries with the ability to work from the network. Power lithium-polymer batteries are used, providing the amperage required for the operation of the compressor, electrocardiograph.

The cannula through the sternum is introduced sterile into the sternum.

The external camera allows you to visually monitor the functioning (massage pressure) of the chest cavity of the chest.

The technical result of using this device is the elimination of heart failure and long-term maintenance of blood circulation with simultaneous monitoring of cardiac activity and mechanical ventilation.

Claims (9)

A device for heart massage with simultaneous artificial ventilation of the lungs, monitoring of cardiac activity in a person with severe forms of heart failure, including: - a cannula for transthoracic administration connected to a two-channel dispenser, - two elastic chambers connected to each other through a cannula made of a sealed biocompatible material having an identical volume, while one of the chambers is placed with the possibility of transthoracic insertion in the folded state through the cannula and inflated under the pressure of the introduced air to exert a pressure on the heart, and another, external, with the ability to visually control the operation of the device, - a flexible mask connected to a two-channel distributor, - a compressor for introducing and removing air through the ducts into the chambers and a flexible mask connected to a two-channel distributor, - a two-channel distributor connected by ducts to a cannula and a flexible mask, - automatic compressor control unit for pumping air into the chambers and a flexible mask through a two-channel distributor, - fixing belts connected to the cannula with cameras, an automatic control unit, an autonomous power supply unit and an electrocardiograph with the ability to fix the device on the body and connected to a flexible mask to fix the device on the head, - an electrocardiograph with three electrodes for recording cardiac activity in three leads according to Einthoven, connected to an autonomous power supply unit.

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